Solution:

To find out how many pens can be bought for ₹ 1012 whole 1/2, we need to divide the total amount by the cost of one pen.

Step 1: Convert the cost of one pen into a fraction.

The cost of one pen is ₹ 18 whole 3/4. To convert this into a fraction, we need to add the whole number and the fraction.

₹ 18 whole 3/4 = ₹ (18 + 3/4) = ₹ (72/4 + 3/4) = ₹ 75/4

Therefore, the cost of one pen is ₹ 75/4.

Step 2: Divide the total amount by the cost of one pen.

To find out how many pens can be bought for ₹ 1012 whole 1/2, we need to divide ₹ 1012.5 by ₹ 75/4.

₹ 1012.5 ÷ ₹ 75/4 = ₹ 1012.5 × 4/75 = ₹ 54

Therefore, ₹ 1012 whole 1/2 can buy 54 pens.

Explanation:

To solve this problem, we need to understand the concept of fractions and division. The cost of one pen is given in mixed fraction form, which we converted into an improper fraction. We then divided the total amount by the cost of one pen to find out how many pens can be bought.

It is important to note that we need to use the same unit for both the cost of one pen and the total amount to be able to divide them. In this case, we used rupees as the unit for both.

In summary, we can buy 54 pens for ₹ 1012 whole 1/2 if the cost of one pen is ₹ 18 whole 3/4.