Explanation:

Water logging is a condition where the soil becomes saturated with water, and the excess water cannot drain away due to inadequate drainage or other reasons. It can cause damage to crops, reduce soil fertility, and create breeding grounds for pests and diseases. Water logging can be caused by several factors, but excessive tapping of groundwater is not one of them. Let's understand why.

Inadequate Drainage:

When the soil is unable to absorb and drain away the excess water, it leads to waterlogging. The main reasons for inadequate drainage are poor soil structure, high water table, or lack of proper drainage systems. The soil may become compacted due to heavy machinery or foot traffic, which reduces the infiltration rate and increases runoff. Additionally, if the water table is high, it can cause water to accumulate on the surface.

Seepage from Unlined Canals:

Unlined canals can cause waterlogging in adjacent fields. When the water flows through an unlined canal, it seeps into the surrounding soil and raises the water table. As a result, the fields become waterlogged, and crops suffer.

Frequent Flooding:

Frequent flooding can also lead to waterlogging. When the fields are flooded, the soil becomes saturated with water, and it takes time for the excess water to drain away. If flooding occurs frequently, it can cause long-term damage to the soil structure and reduce its capacity to absorb and drain water.

Excessive Tapping of Groundwater:

Groundwater is a vital resource, but excessive tapping can cause waterlogging in nearby fields. When the groundwater is pumped out, it creates a vacuum that draws water from adjacent areas. This leads to a decline in the water table and a reduction in the soil's ability to hold water. However, excessive tapping of groundwater does not contribute to waterlogging because it reduces the water table, which is the opposite of what causes waterlogging.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, waterlogging is a condition that can be caused by several factors, including inadequate drainage, seepage from unlined canals, and frequent flooding. Excessive tapping of groundwater does not contribute to waterlogging, as it reduces the water table and the soil's ability to hold water. In order to prevent waterlogging, it is essential to have proper drainage systems in place and to manage water resources sustainably.