**Cross Regulators in Main Canals**

**Introduction:**
Cross regulators are hydraulic structures that are constructed across the main canal to regulate the flow of water. These structures play a crucial role in managing water supply in both the main channel and the off taking channel. They are designed to control excessive floodwater, ensure adequate water supply to the off taking channel, and maintain a balance in the water distribution system.

**1. Regulate Water Supply in the Off Taking Channel:**
One of the primary functions of cross regulators is to regulate the water supply in the off taking channel. The off taking channel is a channel that diverts water from the main canal to the fields or water users. By adjusting the opening and closing of the cross regulators, the flow of water into the off taking channel can be controlled. This ensures that water is distributed evenly to different areas and water users receive an adequate supply for irrigation or other purposes.

**2. Regulate Water Supply in the Main Channel:**
Cross regulators also play a role in regulating the water supply in the main channel. By adjusting the regulators, the flow of water in the main canal can be controlled. This is important to maintain a steady flow of water and prevent any fluctuations that may affect the overall efficiency of the canal system. By regulating the water supply in the main channel, cross regulators help in maintaining a balance between the supply and demand of water in the entire irrigation network.

**3. Regulate Excessive Flood Water:**
During periods of heavy rainfall or flood events, cross regulators are essential in regulating excessive floodwater. By partially or fully closing the regulators, the flow of water in the main canal can be reduced, preventing the canal from overflowing and causing damage to the surrounding areas. This helps in managing flood situations and protecting the agricultural fields and settlements located along the canal.

**4. Head Up Water for Adequate Supply into the Off Taking Channel:**
Cross regulators also play a crucial role in raising the water level in the main canal to ensure an adequate supply of water into the off taking channel. By controlling the flow of water, the regulators can increase the water level in the main canal, which in turn increases the water pressure and facilitates the diversion of water into the off taking channel. This ensures that the off taking channel receives a sufficient amount of water for irrigation or other purposes.

In conclusion, cross regulators are important hydraulic structures in main canals that regulate water supply in the off taking channel, main channel, and manage excessive floodwater. They play a crucial role in maintaining a balanced water distribution system and ensuring an adequate supply of water to the fields or water users.