**Introduction:**
Nalanda, one of the most renowned ancient learning centers in India, is located in the state of Bihar. It holds great significance in Indian history and is a UNESCO World Heritage site. Let's delve into the details of its location and historical importance.

**Location in India:**

Nalanda is situated in the eastern part of India, in the state of Bihar. It is approximately 95 kilometers southeast of the state capital, Patna. The exact geographical coordinates of Nalanda are 25.1358° N latitude and 85.4430° E longitude.

**Historical Significance:**

Nalanda was a thriving center of learning during ancient times, particularly from the 5th to the 12th century CE. It served as a renowned Buddhist monastery and university, attracting scholars and students from across the world. The institution played a pivotal role in the development and dissemination of knowledge, particularly in the fields of philosophy, astronomy, mathematics, medicine, and Buddhist studies.

**Bihar as the Home of Nalanda:**

1. Ancient Magadha Empire: Nalanda was located in the ancient Magadha Empire, which was centered in present-day Bihar. The Magadha Empire was one of the most powerful and prosperous empires in ancient India.

2. Buddhist Influence: Nalanda was closely associated with Buddhism, which flourished in Bihar. Bihar is the place where Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, attained enlightenment. The state is also home to numerous Buddhist pilgrimage sites.

3. Mahavihara at Nalanda: The famous Nalanda University, also known as the Nalanda Mahavihara, was established in the 5th century CE. It became a significant center for Buddhist learning, attracting scholars from different parts of India and abroad.

4. Patronage by Maurya and Gupta Empires: Nalanda received immense support and patronage from various rulers, including the Maurya and Gupta empires. These empires played a crucial role in the development and growth of Nalanda as a center of intellectual excellence.

5. Decline and Rediscovery: Nalanda faced a decline and eventual destruction around the 12th century CE due to invasions and the decline of Buddhism in India. The ruins of Nalanda were rediscovered during British colonial rule, and extensive excavations have been carried out to uncover its rich history.

In conclusion, Nalanda, the ancient center of learning, is located in Bihar, India. Its historical significance, association with Buddhism, and the patronage it received from various empires make Bihar the rightful home of this prestigious institution.