Calculation of moles of Calcium carbonate (CaCO3):

To determine the moles of Calcium carbonate, we need to use its molar mass. The molar mass of CaCO3 can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of Calcium (Ca), Carbon (C), and Oxygen (O).

Molar mass of CaCO3 = (40.08 g/mol) + (12.01 g/mol) + (3 × 16.00 g/mol) = 100.09 g/mol

Now, we can calculate the number of moles of Calcium carbonate using its mass and molar mass:

Moles of CaCO3 = Mass of CaCO3 / Molar mass of CaCO3
Moles of CaCO3 = 20 g / 100.09 g/mol
Moles of CaCO3 = 0.1999 mol (approximately 0.2 mol)

Calculation of moles of Hydrochloric acid (HCl):

To determine the moles of Hydrochloric acid, we need to use its molar mass. The molar mass of HCl can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of Hydrogen (H) and Chlorine (Cl).

Molar mass of HCl = (1.01 g/mol) + (35.45 g/mol) = 36.46 g/mol

Now, we can calculate the number of moles of Hydrochloric acid using its mass and molar mass:

Moles of HCl = Mass of HCl / Molar mass of HCl
Moles of HCl = 40 g / 36.46 g/mol
Moles of HCl = 1.096 mol (approximately 1.1 mol)

Determining the limiting reactant:

To determine the limiting reactant, we compare the moles of Calcium carbonate and Hydrochloric acid.

From the balanced chemical equation: CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + H2O + CO2, we can see that the mole ratio between CaCO3 and HCl is 1:2. This means that 1 mole of CaCO3 reacts with 2 moles of HCl.

Here, we have 0.2 mol of CaCO3 and 1.1 mol of HCl. Since the mole ratio is 1:2, we need twice the number of moles of HCl compared to CaCO3 to react completely.

Therefore, the limiting reactant is CaCO3 because we have less moles of CaCO3 than required to react with all the HCl.

Calculating the moles of carbon dioxide (CO2) produced:

From the balanced chemical equation: CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + H2O + CO2, we can see that 1 mole of CaCO3 reacts to produce 1 mole of CO2.

Since CaCO3 is the limiting reactant, the number of moles of CO2 produced will be equal to the number of moles of CaCO3 used.

Therefore, the moles of carbon dioxide produced = 0.2 mol

Calculating the mass of carbon dioxide (CO2) produced:

To calculate the mass of CO2 produced, we need to use its molar mass. The molar mass of CO