Key Geographical Features and Concepts Covered in the SST Textbook for Class 7

1. Landforms:
- Mountains: The textbook covers the major mountain ranges in the world, such as the Himalayas, the Alps, and the Andes, and their significance in terms of climate, flora, and fauna.
- Plateaus: It explains the formation and characteristics of plateaus like the Deccan Plateau and the Colorado Plateau.
- Plains: The concept of plains, their formation, and their importance in agriculture and settlement patterns are discussed.

2. Water Bodies:
- Rivers: The textbook provides information on important rivers, their origins, and their significance in terms of irrigation, transportation, and culture.
- Oceans and Seas: It covers the major oceans and seas, their characteristics, and their role in climate regulation, trade, and transportation.
- Lakes: The concept of lakes and their formation, along with examples of important lakes worldwide, is explained.

3. Climate and Weather:
- Climate Zones: The textbook introduces different climate zones, such as tropical, temperate, and polar, and explains the factors influencing climate variations.
- Monsoons: The concept of monsoons, their characteristics, and their impact on agriculture and livelihoods are discussed.
- Natural Disasters: The textbook covers natural disasters like floods, cyclones, earthquakes, and droughts, explaining their causes and effects.

4. Resources and Industries:
- Natural Resources: The textbook provides an overview of different natural resources, including minerals, forests, water, and wildlife, and their significance.
- Agriculture: It covers various agricultural practices, types of farming, and major crops grown in different regions.
- Industries: The concept of industries, their types, and their role in economic development are explained, along with examples of major industries globally.

5. Human Settlements:
- Rural and Urban Settlements: The textbook discusses the differences between rural and urban settlements, their characteristics, and factors influencing their growth.
- Migration: It covers the concept of migration, reasons for migration, and its impact on population distribution and culture.

6. Maps and Globes:
- The textbook explains the use of maps and globes as tools for studying geography, including understanding symbols, scales, and directions.
- It introduces the concept of latitude and longitude, and how they help in locating places on Earth.

7. Environmental Issues:
- The textbook highlights various environmental issues like deforestation, pollution, and depletion of resources, emphasizing the importance of sustainable development and conservation.

Overall, the Class 7 SST textbook covers a wide range of geographical features and concepts, helping students develop a comprehensive understanding of the world's physical and human geography.