Syllabus for the Optional Subjects in BPSC Civil Services Mains Exam

The BPSC (Bihar Public Service Commission) Civil Services Mains Exam allows candidates to choose optional subjects from a wide range of disciplines. The optional subjects carry significant weightage in the exam and play a crucial role in determining the final rank of the candidates. Here is a detailed explanation of the syllabus for the optional subjects in the BPSC Civil Services Mains Exam:

1. Agriculture
- Agro-climatology and Crop Ecology
- Genetics and Plant Breeding
- Plant Physiology
- Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry
- Agricultural Economics and Farm Management
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science
- Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
- Plant Pathology and Entomology

2. Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science
- Animal Nutrition
- Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics
- Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Veterinary Anatomy, Physiology, and Biochemistry
- Veterinary Pathology and Parasitology
- Veterinary Microbiology
- Livestock Production and Management
- Animal Breeding and Genetics

3. Anthropology
- Physical Anthropology
- Social Anthropology
- Cultural Anthropology
- Archaeological Anthropology
- Applied Anthropology
- Methodology and Fieldwork in Anthropology
- Indian Anthropology

4. Botany
- Cryptogams and Gymnosperms
- Morphogenesis and Developmental Biology
- Taxonomy and Economic Botany
- Plant Anatomy and Embryology
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry
- Genetics and Plant Breeding
- Ecology and Environmental Botany

5. Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry
- Organic Chemistry
- Physical Chemistry
- Analytical Chemistry
- Industrial Chemistry
- Biochemistry
- Environmental Chemistry

6. Civil Engineering
- Structural Engineering
- Geotechnical Engineering
- Water Resources Engineering
- Environmental Engineering
- Transportation Engineering
- Construction Engineering
- Surveying and Geomatics

7. Commerce and Accountancy
- Financial Accounting
- Cost Accounting
- Management Accounting
- Business Law
- Business Economics
- Indian Financial System
- Auditing and Taxation

8. Economics
- Microeconomics
- Macroeconomics
- International Economics
- Development Economics
- Indian Economy
- Public Finance
- Money and Banking

9. Electrical Engineering
- Electrical Circuits
- Electrical Machines
- Power Systems
- Control Systems
- Power Electronics
- Analog and Digital Electronics
- Measurement and Instrumentation

10. Geography
- Physical Geography
- Human Geography
- Economic Geography
- Regional Planning
- Geographical Thought
- Geographical Techniques
- Geography of India

11. Geology
- Physical Geology
- Structural Geology
- Paleontology
- Crystallography and Mineralogy
- Petrology
- Economic Geology
- Stratigraphy and Geochronology

12. History
- Ancient India
- Medieval India
- Modern India
- World History
- Indian Culture
- Historical Methods and Historiography
- Historiography and Historical Thought in India

13. Law
- Constitution and