Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature as they propagate by varying the electric and magnetic fields such that the two fields are perpendicular to each other.Accelerated charges are responsible to produce electromagnetic waves.Electromagnetic waves have constant velocity in vacuum and it is nearly equal to \(3 × 10^8 m s^{-1}\) which is denoted by \(C\) = \(\frac{1}{√{μ_o ϵ_o}}\).Electromagnetic wave propagation it does not require any material medium to travel.The inherent characteristic of electromagnetic wave is its frequency. Their frequencies remain unchanged but its wavelength changes when the wave travels from one medium to another.The refractive index of a material is given by:\(n\) = \(√{μ_r ϵ_r}\)