Subjects included in the CA Foundation Exam:

The CA Foundation Exam is the first level of the Chartered Accountancy course in India. It consists of four subjects that lay the foundation for a career in accounting and finance. The subjects included in the CA Foundation Exam are as follows:

1. Principles and Practice of Accounting:
This subject introduces students to the fundamental principles and concepts of accounting. It covers topics such as accounting principles, preparation of financial statements, accounting for special transactions, and partnership accounts.

Key topics covered:
- Accounting concepts and principles
- Accounting equation and its significance
- Accounting standards
- Preparation of financial statements
- Partnership accounts
- Company accounts

2. Business Laws and Business Correspondence and Reporting:
This subject focuses on the legal aspects of business and communication skills. It covers topics such as Indian contract law, sale of goods act, partnership act, and communication skills required in the corporate world.

Key topics covered:
- Indian contract act
- Sale of goods act
- Indian partnership act
- Negotiable instruments act
- Basics of business correspondence
- Report writing and formal communication

3. Business Mathematics and Logical Reasoning:
This subject covers mathematical concepts and logical reasoning skills required in business and finance. It includes topics such as arithmetic, algebra, statistics, and logical reasoning.

Key topics covered:
- Ratio and proportion, indices, and logarithms
- Equations and inequalities
- Simple and compound interest
- Permutations and combinations
- Statistical description of data
- Logical reasoning and puzzles

4. Business Economics and Business and Commercial Knowledge:
This subject provides an understanding of basic economic concepts and business knowledge. It covers topics such as microeconomics, macroeconomics, business cycles, and current affairs related to business and commerce.

Key topics covered:
- Introduction to microeconomics and macroeconomics
- Theory of demand and supply
- National income and related aggregates
- Business cycles and economic reforms
- Current affairs related to business and commerce

Overall, the CA Foundation Exam covers a wide range of subjects that provide a strong foundation in accounting, law, mathematics, economics, and general business knowledge. It prepares students for advanced levels of the Chartered Accountancy course and equips them with the necessary skills and knowledge to excel in the field of finance and accounting.