The Green Revolution, which began in the 1960s, aimed to increase agricultural productivity through the use of high-yielding crop varieties, modern farming techniques, and the extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. While the Green Revolution had significant positive impacts on food production and alleviating hunger in many parts of the world, it also had some notable demerits. These include:

1. Environmental Concerns:
- Overreliance on chemical inputs: The Green Revolution heavily depended on the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. However, the excessive and indiscriminate use of these inputs led to environmental degradation. The chemicals polluted soil, water bodies, and air, causing harm to ecosystems and impacting biodiversity.
- Soil degradation: The intensive use of chemical fertilizers disrupted the natural balance of nutrients in the soil, leading to a decline in soil fertility over time. This resulted in soil erosion, loss of organic matter, and reduced water-holding capacity, making the soil less productive in the long run.
- Water scarcity: High-yielding crop varieties required more water for irrigation. As a result, the Green Revolution led to increased water consumption, putting pressure on already scarce water resources. Excessive groundwater extraction for irrigation also led to the depletion of aquifers, causing long-term water scarcity and salinization of soil.

2. Socioeconomic Issues:
- Inequality: The Green Revolution initially benefited large-scale farmers who could afford the high costs associated with modern farming techniques and inputs. This led to an increase in income disparities between wealthy and small-scale farmers, exacerbating rural poverty and inequality.
- Dependency on external inputs: The adoption of high-yielding crop varieties required farmers to purchase expensive seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides. This created a cycle of dependence on agribusiness corporations, making farmers vulnerable to fluctuating input prices and market forces.
- Displacement of traditional farming practices: The Green Revolution promoted monoculture farming and the abandonment of traditional crop varieties and farming practices. This led to the loss of traditional knowledge, cultural diversity, and indigenous farming systems, which were often better suited for local ecological conditions.

3. Health Concerns:
- Pesticide exposure: The increased use of chemical pesticides in the Green Revolution raised concerns about human health. Farmers and agricultural workers who came into contact with these chemicals faced higher risks of pesticide poisoning, respiratory problems, and other health issues.
- Nutritional deficiencies: The focus on high-yielding crop varieties often prioritized quantity over quality. As a result, the Green Revolution led to a decline in dietary diversity, as traditional crops and nutritious food sources were replaced by a few staple crops with limited nutritional value. This contributed to an increase in malnutrition and related health problems.

In conclusion, while the Green Revolution brought about significant improvements in food production and reducing hunger, it also had some notable demerits. These included environmental concerns such as soil degradation and water scarcity, socioeconomic issues like inequality and dependency, and health concerns related to pesticide exposure and nutritional deficiencies. It is important to address these demerits and strive for sustainable and equitable agricultural practices to ensure long-term food security and environmental well-being.