GMAT Exam  >  GMAT Questions  >  The female earless seal has a gestation perio... Start Learning for Free
The female earless seal has a gestation period that usually spans nine to eleven months, depending on the classification. Each female carries and gives birth to and nurses only one pup at a time. The mother fasts while she is nursing the pup, due to the distance between the breeding ground and the area where the seals feed. As a result, the earless seal mother burns a considerable amount of energy during lactation. During a bad season, as many as three earless seal mothers in a colony will die around three months after giving birth. It is not uncommon, however, for all of the seal pups to survive.
Which of the following, if true, most explains the discrepancy between the number of deaths among the earless seal mothers and lack of deaths among the pups during a bad season?
  • a)
    Female earless seals can nurse two pups at a time, thus ensuring that at least two pups will live.
  • b)
    During a good season, no female earless seals die, and marine biologists note that there have been more good seasons than bad in recent years.
  • c)
    Some of the female earless seals do not give birth during breeding season.
  • d)
    The earless seal pups nurse only for a brief period of time, with the longest nursing period being one month.
  • e)
    Some of the female earless seals will live as long as six months after giving birth, thus guaranteeing that their pups have a better chance of survival.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Most Upvoted Answer
The female earless seal has a gestation period that usually spans nine...
In this question, the student is given information about the female earless seal and the events surrounding gestation and breeding. According to the passage, the female earless seal gestates for anywhere from nine to eleven months (depending on the variety of earless seal) and gives birth to and nurses only one pup at a time. The passage notes that during a bad season up to three female earless seals in a colony will die three months after giving birth, although all of the pups usually survive. Considering that other female seals cannot nurse orphaned pups – since each lactating female can nurse only a single pup – a natural expectation is that the pups would die with their mothers, since they have no one to nurse them. However, the pups all survive. The question asks the student to select an answer choice that best explains this discrepancy.
D Answer choice (D) indicates that the mother seals nurse the pups only up to a month at the longest, suggesting that after a month the pups are capable of locating food for themselves. This answer choice thus provides a sufficient explanation for why the mother seals might die three months after giving birth, while the pups survive: the pups are finished nursing by this point and can find their own food. Answer choice (D) is correct.
(A) contradicts the statement in the passage that the mother seals give birth to and nurse only one pup at a time and then use most of their energy to nurse that single pup, often fasting while she is lactating. Answer choice (A) cannot be correct.
(B), although interesting, is irrelevant to explaining the discrepancy. The question asks for a reason that the pups survive although the mothers do not; answer choice (B) simply diverts from this point to say that very often the mothers do not die. Moreover, answer choice (B) ignores the statement in the question about the reason for mothers dying during a bad season. Answer choice (B) is clearly incorrect and can be eliminated immediately.
(C) does not explain why seal pups survive even when their mothers die. It is not surprising that some female seals do not give birth (for instance, because they are not sexually mature). The existence of such seals alone does not explain why more pups survive (there is nothing in the passage to suggest they would nurse the orphaned pups, for example).
(E) As with answer choice (B), answer choice (E) ignores the central question by offering interesting but irrelevant information. The question asks for a reason for the discrepancy between mother seals dying three months after giving birth while the pups survive. Answer choice (E) merely provides information about some of the mothers living up to six months. Because this is unrelated to why pups live when mothers die, answer choice (E) is incorrect.
Attention GMAT Students!
To make sure you are not studying endlessly, EduRev has designed GMAT study material, with Structured Courses, Videos, & Test Series. Plus get personalized analysis, doubt solving and improvement plans to achieve a great score in GMAT.
Explore Courses for GMAT exam

Similar GMAT Doubts

The pronghorn, an antelope-like mammal that lives on the western plains of North America, is the continent’s fastest land animal, capable of running 90 kilometers per hour and of doing so for several (5) kilometers. Because no North American predator is nearly fast enough to chase it down, biologists have had difficulty explaining why the pronghorn developed its running prowess. One biologist, however, has recently claimed that pronghorns run as (10) fast as they do because of adaptation to predators known from fossil records to have been extinct for 10,000 years, such as American cheetahs and long- legged hyenas, either of which, it is believed, were fast enough to run down the pronghorn.(15) Like all explanations that posit what is called a relict behavior—a behavior that persists though its only evolutionary impetus comes from long-extinct environ- mental conditions—this one is likely to meet with skep- ticism. Most biologists distrust explanations positing relict (20) behaviors, in part because testing these hypotheses is so difficult due to the extinction of a principal component. They typically consider such historical explanations only when a lack of alternatives forces them to do so. But present-day observations sometimes yield (25) evidence that supports relict behavior hypotheses.In the case of the pronghorn, researchers have identified much supporting evidence, as several aspects of pronghorn behavior appear to have been shaped by enemies that no longer exist. For example, (30) pronghorns—like many other grazing animals—roam in herds, which allows more eyes to watch for predators and diminishes the chances of any particular animal being attacked but can also result in overcrowding and increased competition for food. But, since (35) pronghorns have nothing to fear from present-day carnivores and thus have nothing to gain from herding, their herding behavior appears to be another adaptation to extinct threats. Similarly, if speed and endurance were once essential to survival, researchers would (40) expect pronghorns to choose mates based on these athletic abilities, which they do—with female pronghorns, for example, choosing the victor after male pronghorns challenge each other in sprints and chases.Relict behaviors appear to occur in other animals (45) as well, increasing the general plausibility of such a theory. For example, one study reports relict behavior in stickleback fish belonging to populations that have long been free of a dangerous predator, the sculpin. In the study, when presented with sculpin, these (50) stickleback fish immediately engaged in stereotypical antisculpin behavior, avoiding its mouth and swimming behind to bite it. Another study found that ground squirrels from populations that have been free from snakes for 70,000 to 300,000 years still clearly recognize (55) rattlesnakes, displaying stereotypical antirattlesnake behavior in the presence of the snake. Such fear, however, apparently does not persist interminably. Arctic ground squirrels, free of snakes for about 3 million years, appear to be unable to recognize the (60) threat of a rattlesnake, exhibiting only disorganized caution even after being bitten repeatedly.Which one of the following most accurately states the main point of the passage?

The pronghorn, an antelope-like mammal that lives on the western plains of North America, is the continent’s fastest land animal, capable of running 90 kilometers per hour and of doing so for several (5) kilometers. Because no North American predator is nearly fast enough to chase it down, biologists have had difficulty explaining why the pronghorn developed its running prowess. One biologist, however, has recently claimed that pronghorns run as (10) fast as they do because of adaptation to predators known from fossil records to have been extinct for 10,000 years, such as American cheetahs and long- legged hyenas, either of which, it is believed, were fast enough to run down the pronghorn.(15) Like all explanations that posit what is called a relict behavior—a behavior that persists though its only evolutionary impetus comes from long-extinct environ- mental conditions—this one is likely to meet with skep- ticism. Most biologists distrust explanations positing relict (20) behaviors, in part because testing these hypotheses is so difficult due to the extinction of a principal component. They typically consider such historical explanations only when a lack of alternatives forces them to do so. But present-day observations sometimes yield (25) evidence that supports relict behavior hypotheses.In the case of the pronghorn, researchers have identified much supporting evidence, as several aspects of pronghorn behavior appear to have been shaped by enemies that no longer exist. For example, (30) pronghorns—like many other grazing animals—roam in herds, which allows more eyes to watch for predators and diminishes the chances of any particular animal being attacked but can also result in overcrowding and increased competition for food. But, since (35) pronghorns have nothing to fear from present-day carnivores and thus have nothing to gain from herding, their herding behavior appears to be another adaptation to extinct threats. Similarly, if speed and endurance were once essential to survival, researchers would (40) expect pronghorns to choose mates based on these athletic abilities, which they do—with female pronghorns, for example, choosing the victor after male pronghorns challenge each other in sprints and chases.Relict behaviors appear to occur in other animals (45) as well, increasing the general plausibility of such a theory. For example, one study reports relict behavior in stickleback fish belonging to populations that have long been free of a dangerous predator, the sculpin. In the study, when presented with sculpin, these (50) stickleback fish immediately engaged in stereotypical antisculpin behavior, avoiding its mouth and swimming behind to bite it. Another study found that ground squirrels from populations that have been free from snakes for 70,000 to 300,000 years still clearly recognize (55) rattlesnakes, displaying stereotypical antirattlesnake behavior in the presence of the snake. Such fear, however, apparently does not persist interminably. Arctic ground squirrels, free of snakes for about 3 million years, appear to be unable to recognize the (60) threat of a rattlesnake, exhibiting only disorganized caution even after being bitten repeatedly.The last paragraph most strongly supports which one of the following statements?

The pronghorn, an antelope-like mammal that lives on the western plains of North America, is the continent’s fastest land animal, capable of running 90 kilometers per hour and of doing so for several (5) kilometers. Because no North American predator is nearly fast enough to chase it down, biologists have had difficulty explaining why the pronghorn developed its running prowess. One biologist, however, has recently claimed that pronghorns run as (10) fast as they do because of adaptation to predators known from fossil records to have been extinct for 10,000 years, such as American cheetahs and long- legged hyenas, either of which, it is believed, were fast enough to run down the pronghorn.(15) Like all explanations that posit what is called a relict behavior—a behavior that persists though its only evolutionary impetus comes from long-extinct environ- mental conditions—this one is likely to meet with skep- ticism. Most biologists distrust explanations positing relict (20) behaviors, in part because testing these hypotheses is so difficult due to the extinction of a principal component. They typically consider such historical explanations only when a lack of alternatives forces them to do so. But present-day observations sometimes yield (25) evidence that supports relict behavior hypotheses.In the case of the pronghorn, researchers have identified much supporting evidence, as several aspects of pronghorn behavior appear to have been shaped by enemies that no longer exist. For example, (30) pronghorns—like many other grazing animals—roam in herds, which allows more eyes to watch for predators and diminishes the chances of any particular animal being attacked but can also result in overcrowding and increased competition for food. But, since (35) pronghorns have nothing to fear from present-day carnivores and thus have nothing to gain from herding, their herding behavior appears to be another adaptation to extinct threats. Similarly, if speed and endurance were once essential to survival, researchers would (40) expect pronghorns to choose mates based on these athletic abilities, which they do—with female pronghorns, for example, choosing the victor after male pronghorns challenge each other in sprints and chases.Relict behaviors appear to occur in other animals (45) as well, increasing the general plausibility of such a theory. For example, one study reports relict behavior in stickleback fish belonging to populations that have long been free of a dangerous predator, the sculpin. In the study, when presented with sculpin, these (50) stickleback fish immediately engaged in stereotypical antisculpin behavior, avoiding its mouth and swimming behind to bite it. Another study found that ground squirrels from populations that have been free from snakes for 70,000 to 300,000 years still clearly recognize (55) rattlesnakes, displaying stereotypical antirattlesnake behavior in the presence of the snake. Such fear, however, apparently does not persist interminably. Arctic ground squirrels, free of snakes for about 3 million years, appear to be unable to recognize the (60) threat of a rattlesnake, exhibiting only disorganized caution even after being bitten repeatedly.Which one of the following describes a benefit mentioned in the passage that grazing animals derive from roaming in herds?

The pronghorn, an antelope-like mammal that lives on the western plains of North America, is the continent’s fastest land animal, capable of running 90 kilometers per hour and of doing so for several (5) kilometers. Because no North American predator is nearly fast enough to chase it down, biologists have had difficulty explaining why the pronghorn developed its running prowess. One biologist, however, has recently claimed that pronghorns run as (10) fast as they do because of adaptation to predators known from fossil records to have been extinct for 10,000 years, such as American cheetahs and long- legged hyenas, either of which, it is believed, were fast enough to run down the pronghorn.(15) Like all explanations that posit what is called a relict behavior—a behavior that persists though its only evolutionary impetus comes from long-extinct environ- mental conditions—this one is likely to meet with skep- ticism. Most biologists distrust explanations positing relict (20) behaviors, in part because testing these hypotheses is so difficult due to the extinction of a principal component. They typically consider such historical explanations only when a lack of alternatives forces them to do so. But present-day observations sometimes yield (25) evidence that supports relict behavior hypotheses.In the case of the pronghorn, researchers have identified much supporting evidence, as several aspects of pronghorn behavior appear to have been shaped by enemies that no longer exist. For example, (30) pronghorns—like many other grazing animals—roam in herds, which allows more eyes to watch for predators and diminishes the chances of any particular animal being attacked but can also result in overcrowding and increased competition for food. But, since (35) pronghorns have nothing to fear from present-day carnivores and thus have nothing to gain from herding, their herding behavior appears to be another adaptation to extinct threats. Similarly, if speed and endurance were once essential to survival, researchers would (40) expect pronghorns to choose mates based on these athletic abilities, which they do—with female pronghorns, for example, choosing the victor after male pronghorns challenge each other in sprints and chases.Relict behaviors appear to occur in other animals (45) as well, increasing the general plausibility of such a theory. For example, one study reports relict behavior in stickleback fish belonging to populations that have long been free of a dangerous predator, the sculpin. In the study, when presented with sculpin, these (50) stickleback fish immediately engaged in stereotypical antisculpin behavior, avoiding its mouth and swimming behind to bite it. Another study found that ground squirrels from populations that have been free from snakes for 70,000 to 300,000 years still clearly recognize (55) rattlesnakes, displaying stereotypical antirattlesnake behavior in the presence of the snake. Such fear, however, apparently does not persist interminably. Arctic ground squirrels, free of snakes for about 3 million years, appear to be unable to recognize the (60) threat of a rattlesnake, exhibiting only disorganized caution even after being bitten repeatedly.Based on the passage, the term “principal component” (line 21) most clearly refers to which one of the following?

Top Courses for GMAT

The female earless seal has a gestation period that usually spans nine to eleven months, depending on the classification. Each female carries and gives birth to and nurses only one pup at a time. The mother fasts while she is nursing the pup, due to the distance between the breeding ground and the area where the seals feed. As a result, the earless seal mother burns a considerable amount of energy during lactation. During a bad season, as many as three earless seal mothers in a colony will die around three months after giving birth. It is not uncommon, however, for all of the seal pups to survive.Which of the following, if true, most explains the discrepancy between the number of deaths among the earless seal mothers and lack of deaths among the pups during a bad season?a)Female earless seals can nurse two pups at a time, thus ensuring that at least two pups will live.b)During a good season, no female earless seals die, and marine biologists note that there have been more good seasons than bad in recent years.c)Some of the female earless seals do not give birth during breeding season.d)The earless seal pups nurse only for a brief period of time, with the longest nursing period being one month.e)Some of the female earless seals will live as long as six months after giving birth, thus guaranteeing that their pups have a better chance of survival.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Question Description
The female earless seal has a gestation period that usually spans nine to eleven months, depending on the classification. Each female carries and gives birth to and nurses only one pup at a time. The mother fasts while she is nursing the pup, due to the distance between the breeding ground and the area where the seals feed. As a result, the earless seal mother burns a considerable amount of energy during lactation. During a bad season, as many as three earless seal mothers in a colony will die around three months after giving birth. It is not uncommon, however, for all of the seal pups to survive.Which of the following, if true, most explains the discrepancy between the number of deaths among the earless seal mothers and lack of deaths among the pups during a bad season?a)Female earless seals can nurse two pups at a time, thus ensuring that at least two pups will live.b)During a good season, no female earless seals die, and marine biologists note that there have been more good seasons than bad in recent years.c)Some of the female earless seals do not give birth during breeding season.d)The earless seal pups nurse only for a brief period of time, with the longest nursing period being one month.e)Some of the female earless seals will live as long as six months after giving birth, thus guaranteeing that their pups have a better chance of survival.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for GMAT 2025 is part of GMAT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the GMAT exam syllabus. Information about The female earless seal has a gestation period that usually spans nine to eleven months, depending on the classification. Each female carries and gives birth to and nurses only one pup at a time. The mother fasts while she is nursing the pup, due to the distance between the breeding ground and the area where the seals feed. As a result, the earless seal mother burns a considerable amount of energy during lactation. During a bad season, as many as three earless seal mothers in a colony will die around three months after giving birth. It is not uncommon, however, for all of the seal pups to survive.Which of the following, if true, most explains the discrepancy between the number of deaths among the earless seal mothers and lack of deaths among the pups during a bad season?a)Female earless seals can nurse two pups at a time, thus ensuring that at least two pups will live.b)During a good season, no female earless seals die, and marine biologists note that there have been more good seasons than bad in recent years.c)Some of the female earless seals do not give birth during breeding season.d)The earless seal pups nurse only for a brief period of time, with the longest nursing period being one month.e)Some of the female earless seals will live as long as six months after giving birth, thus guaranteeing that their pups have a better chance of survival.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for GMAT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for The female earless seal has a gestation period that usually spans nine to eleven months, depending on the classification. Each female carries and gives birth to and nurses only one pup at a time. The mother fasts while she is nursing the pup, due to the distance between the breeding ground and the area where the seals feed. As a result, the earless seal mother burns a considerable amount of energy during lactation. During a bad season, as many as three earless seal mothers in a colony will die around three months after giving birth. It is not uncommon, however, for all of the seal pups to survive.Which of the following, if true, most explains the discrepancy between the number of deaths among the earless seal mothers and lack of deaths among the pups during a bad season?a)Female earless seals can nurse two pups at a time, thus ensuring that at least two pups will live.b)During a good season, no female earless seals die, and marine biologists note that there have been more good seasons than bad in recent years.c)Some of the female earless seals do not give birth during breeding season.d)The earless seal pups nurse only for a brief period of time, with the longest nursing period being one month.e)Some of the female earless seals will live as long as six months after giving birth, thus guaranteeing that their pups have a better chance of survival.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
Solutions for The female earless seal has a gestation period that usually spans nine to eleven months, depending on the classification. Each female carries and gives birth to and nurses only one pup at a time. The mother fasts while she is nursing the pup, due to the distance between the breeding ground and the area where the seals feed. As a result, the earless seal mother burns a considerable amount of energy during lactation. During a bad season, as many as three earless seal mothers in a colony will die around three months after giving birth. It is not uncommon, however, for all of the seal pups to survive.Which of the following, if true, most explains the discrepancy between the number of deaths among the earless seal mothers and lack of deaths among the pups during a bad season?a)Female earless seals can nurse two pups at a time, thus ensuring that at least two pups will live.b)During a good season, no female earless seals die, and marine biologists note that there have been more good seasons than bad in recent years.c)Some of the female earless seals do not give birth during breeding season.d)The earless seal pups nurse only for a brief period of time, with the longest nursing period being one month.e)Some of the female earless seals will live as long as six months after giving birth, thus guaranteeing that their pups have a better chance of survival.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for GMAT. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for GMAT Exam by signing up for free.
Here you can find the meaning of The female earless seal has a gestation period that usually spans nine to eleven months, depending on the classification. Each female carries and gives birth to and nurses only one pup at a time. The mother fasts while she is nursing the pup, due to the distance between the breeding ground and the area where the seals feed. As a result, the earless seal mother burns a considerable amount of energy during lactation. During a bad season, as many as three earless seal mothers in a colony will die around three months after giving birth. It is not uncommon, however, for all of the seal pups to survive.Which of the following, if true, most explains the discrepancy between the number of deaths among the earless seal mothers and lack of deaths among the pups during a bad season?a)Female earless seals can nurse two pups at a time, thus ensuring that at least two pups will live.b)During a good season, no female earless seals die, and marine biologists note that there have been more good seasons than bad in recent years.c)Some of the female earless seals do not give birth during breeding season.d)The earless seal pups nurse only for a brief period of time, with the longest nursing period being one month.e)Some of the female earless seals will live as long as six months after giving birth, thus guaranteeing that their pups have a better chance of survival.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of The female earless seal has a gestation period that usually spans nine to eleven months, depending on the classification. Each female carries and gives birth to and nurses only one pup at a time. The mother fasts while she is nursing the pup, due to the distance between the breeding ground and the area where the seals feed. As a result, the earless seal mother burns a considerable amount of energy during lactation. During a bad season, as many as three earless seal mothers in a colony will die around three months after giving birth. It is not uncommon, however, for all of the seal pups to survive.Which of the following, if true, most explains the discrepancy between the number of deaths among the earless seal mothers and lack of deaths among the pups during a bad season?a)Female earless seals can nurse two pups at a time, thus ensuring that at least two pups will live.b)During a good season, no female earless seals die, and marine biologists note that there have been more good seasons than bad in recent years.c)Some of the female earless seals do not give birth during breeding season.d)The earless seal pups nurse only for a brief period of time, with the longest nursing period being one month.e)Some of the female earless seals will live as long as six months after giving birth, thus guaranteeing that their pups have a better chance of survival.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for The female earless seal has a gestation period that usually spans nine to eleven months, depending on the classification. Each female carries and gives birth to and nurses only one pup at a time. The mother fasts while she is nursing the pup, due to the distance between the breeding ground and the area where the seals feed. As a result, the earless seal mother burns a considerable amount of energy during lactation. During a bad season, as many as three earless seal mothers in a colony will die around three months after giving birth. It is not uncommon, however, for all of the seal pups to survive.Which of the following, if true, most explains the discrepancy between the number of deaths among the earless seal mothers and lack of deaths among the pups during a bad season?a)Female earless seals can nurse two pups at a time, thus ensuring that at least two pups will live.b)During a good season, no female earless seals die, and marine biologists note that there have been more good seasons than bad in recent years.c)Some of the female earless seals do not give birth during breeding season.d)The earless seal pups nurse only for a brief period of time, with the longest nursing period being one month.e)Some of the female earless seals will live as long as six months after giving birth, thus guaranteeing that their pups have a better chance of survival.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of The female earless seal has a gestation period that usually spans nine to eleven months, depending on the classification. Each female carries and gives birth to and nurses only one pup at a time. The mother fasts while she is nursing the pup, due to the distance between the breeding ground and the area where the seals feed. As a result, the earless seal mother burns a considerable amount of energy during lactation. During a bad season, as many as three earless seal mothers in a colony will die around three months after giving birth. It is not uncommon, however, for all of the seal pups to survive.Which of the following, if true, most explains the discrepancy between the number of deaths among the earless seal mothers and lack of deaths among the pups during a bad season?a)Female earless seals can nurse two pups at a time, thus ensuring that at least two pups will live.b)During a good season, no female earless seals die, and marine biologists note that there have been more good seasons than bad in recent years.c)Some of the female earless seals do not give birth during breeding season.d)The earless seal pups nurse only for a brief period of time, with the longest nursing period being one month.e)Some of the female earless seals will live as long as six months after giving birth, thus guaranteeing that their pups have a better chance of survival.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an ample number of questions to practice The female earless seal has a gestation period that usually spans nine to eleven months, depending on the classification. Each female carries and gives birth to and nurses only one pup at a time. The mother fasts while she is nursing the pup, due to the distance between the breeding ground and the area where the seals feed. As a result, the earless seal mother burns a considerable amount of energy during lactation. During a bad season, as many as three earless seal mothers in a colony will die around three months after giving birth. It is not uncommon, however, for all of the seal pups to survive.Which of the following, if true, most explains the discrepancy between the number of deaths among the earless seal mothers and lack of deaths among the pups during a bad season?a)Female earless seals can nurse two pups at a time, thus ensuring that at least two pups will live.b)During a good season, no female earless seals die, and marine biologists note that there have been more good seasons than bad in recent years.c)Some of the female earless seals do not give birth during breeding season.d)The earless seal pups nurse only for a brief period of time, with the longest nursing period being one month.e)Some of the female earless seals will live as long as six months after giving birth, thus guaranteeing that their pups have a better chance of survival.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice GMAT tests.
Explore Courses for GMAT exam

Top Courses for GMAT

Explore Courses
Signup for Free!
Signup to see your scores go up within 7 days! Learn & Practice with 1000+ FREE Notes, Videos & Tests.
10M+ students study on EduRev