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Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: This passage discusses some of the controversy surrounding the existence of dark matter in the universe.Dark matter in the universe is believed by somescientists to be a substance that is not readily observablebecause it does not directly refract light or energy. Itsexistence can only be deduced because of the effect that(5) it has on surrounding matter. In fact, some members ofthe scientific community have argued that dark mat-ter does not actually exist. Others, however, believe inits existence, in part because the scientific communitydoes not have a complete understanding of gravita-(10) tional science. On the other hand, some would arguethat it is the understanding of gravitational science thatleads most scientists to believe in the existence of darkmatter, because without dark matter, there are manycosmological phenomena that are difficult to explain.(15) For example, dark matter in the universe mayhave a peculiar effect on the Milky Way galaxy. Somescientists believe that the interaction between dark mat-ter and other smaller, nearby galaxies is causing theMilky Way galaxy to take on a warped profile. It has(20) been asserted that not only does dark matter exist, itmay also be responsible for the Milky Way’s unusualshape. The interaction referenced involves two smallergalaxies near the Milky Way, called Magellanic clouds,moving through an enormous amount of dark matter,(25) which, in effect, enhances the gravitational pull that thetwo Magellanic clouds could have on the Milky Wayand other surrounding bodies. Without the existence ofthe dark matter, the Magellanic clouds would not havesufficient mass to have such a strong effect on the bend(30) of the Milky Way galaxy.The strongest evidence for the validity of thishypothesis rests in Newtonian physics, and the hypoth-esis that anything with mass will exert a gravitationalpull. The Milky Way and other galaxies with pecu-(35) liar warped shapes are being molded by a gravitationalforce. However, there is nothing readily observablewith sufficient mass that could cause such a high levelof distortion via gravitational pull in the vicinity ofthe Milky Way. Therefore, something that is not easily(40) observed must be exerting the necessary force to createthe warped shape of the galaxy.Aaron Romanowsky and several colleagues havequestioned the effect that dark matter might have ongalaxies. They point to the existence of several ellipti-(45) cal galaxies surrounded by very little dark matter asevidence that dark matter is not, in fact, the causeof the warped galaxies. While they do not claim thattheir findings should be interpreted to conclude thatdark matter does not exist, they apparently believe(50) that the results of their studies cast doubt on someof the conventional theories of galaxy formation andmanipulation.Several models constructed by researchers fromthe University of California at Berkeley, however,(55) point to the idea that dark matter is the most likelyexplanation for the distorted shape of the Milky Wayand other galaxies. Using computer models, they havemapped the likely interactions between certain galax-ies and the surrounding dark matter, and those models(60) have shown not only the possibility that dark matteris responsible for the warped shape of the Milky Way,but that the relationship between the dark matter andthe Magellanic clouds is dynamic; the movement ofthe clouds through the dark matter seems to create a(65) wake that enhances their gravitational influence on theMilky Way.Q.The passage states that some members of the scientific community are reluctant to believe in the existence of dark matter because:a)there is absolutely no evidence for the existence of dark matter.b)no one understands how to apply gravitational science.c)dark matter cannot be directly observed.d)dark matter has little effect on surrounding matter.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? for ACT 2025 is part of ACT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the ACT exam syllabus. Information about Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: This passage discusses some of the controversy surrounding the existence of dark matter in the universe.Dark matter in the universe is believed by somescientists to be a substance that is not readily observablebecause it does not directly refract light or energy. Itsexistence can only be deduced because of the effect that(5) it has on surrounding matter. In fact, some members ofthe scientific community have argued that dark mat-ter does not actually exist. Others, however, believe inits existence, in part because the scientific communitydoes not have a complete understanding of gravita-(10) tional science. On the other hand, some would arguethat it is the understanding of gravitational science thatleads most scientists to believe in the existence of darkmatter, because without dark matter, there are manycosmological phenomena that are difficult to explain.(15) For example, dark matter in the universe mayhave a peculiar effect on the Milky Way galaxy. Somescientists believe that the interaction between dark mat-ter and other smaller, nearby galaxies is causing theMilky Way galaxy to take on a warped profile. It has(20) been asserted that not only does dark matter exist, itmay also be responsible for the Milky Way’s unusualshape. The interaction referenced involves two smallergalaxies near the Milky Way, called Magellanic clouds,moving through an enormous amount of dark matter,(25) which, in effect, enhances the gravitational pull that thetwo Magellanic clouds could have on the Milky Wayand other surrounding bodies. Without the existence ofthe dark matter, the Magellanic clouds would not havesufficient mass to have such a strong effect on the bend(30) of the Milky Way galaxy.The strongest evidence for the validity of thishypothesis rests in Newtonian physics, and the hypoth-esis that anything with mass will exert a gravitationalpull. The Milky Way and other galaxies with pecu-(35) liar warped shapes are being molded by a gravitationalforce. However, there is nothing readily observablewith sufficient mass that could cause such a high levelof distortion via gravitational pull in the vicinity ofthe Milky Way. Therefore, something that is not easily(40) observed must be exerting the necessary force to createthe warped shape of the galaxy.Aaron Romanowsky and several colleagues havequestioned the effect that dark matter might have ongalaxies. They point to the existence of several ellipti-(45) cal galaxies surrounded by very little dark matter asevidence that dark matter is not, in fact, the causeof the warped galaxies. While they do not claim thattheir findings should be interpreted to conclude thatdark matter does not exist, they apparently believe(50) that the results of their studies cast doubt on someof the conventional theories of galaxy formation andmanipulation.Several models constructed by researchers fromthe University of California at Berkeley, however,(55) point to the idea that dark matter is the most likelyexplanation for the distorted shape of the Milky Wayand other galaxies. Using computer models, they havemapped the likely interactions between certain galax-ies and the surrounding dark matter, and those models(60) have shown not only the possibility that dark matteris responsible for the warped shape of the Milky Way,but that the relationship between the dark matter andthe Magellanic clouds is dynamic; the movement ofthe clouds through the dark matter seems to create a(65) wake that enhances their gravitational influence on theMilky Way.Q.The passage states that some members of the scientific community are reluctant to believe in the existence of dark matter because:a)there is absolutely no evidence for the existence of dark matter.b)no one understands how to apply gravitational science.c)dark matter cannot be directly observed.d)dark matter has little effect on surrounding matter.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for ACT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: This passage discusses some of the controversy surrounding the existence of dark matter in the universe.Dark matter in the universe is believed by somescientists to be a substance that is not readily observablebecause it does not directly refract light or energy. Itsexistence can only be deduced because of the effect that(5) it has on surrounding matter. In fact, some members ofthe scientific community have argued that dark mat-ter does not actually exist. Others, however, believe inits existence, in part because the scientific communitydoes not have a complete understanding of gravita-(10) tional science. On the other hand, some would arguethat it is the understanding of gravitational science thatleads most scientists to believe in the existence of darkmatter, because without dark matter, there are manycosmological phenomena that are difficult to explain.(15) For example, dark matter in the universe mayhave a peculiar effect on the Milky Way galaxy. Somescientists believe that the interaction between dark mat-ter and other smaller, nearby galaxies is causing theMilky Way galaxy to take on a warped profile. It has(20) been asserted that not only does dark matter exist, itmay also be responsible for the Milky Way’s unusualshape. The interaction referenced involves two smallergalaxies near the Milky Way, called Magellanic clouds,moving through an enormous amount of dark matter,(25) which, in effect, enhances the gravitational pull that thetwo Magellanic clouds could have on the Milky Wayand other surrounding bodies. Without the existence ofthe dark matter, the Magellanic clouds would not havesufficient mass to have such a strong effect on the bend(30) of the Milky Way galaxy.The strongest evidence for the validity of thishypothesis rests in Newtonian physics, and the hypoth-esis that anything with mass will exert a gravitationalpull. The Milky Way and other galaxies with pecu-(35) liar warped shapes are being molded by a gravitationalforce. However, there is nothing readily observablewith sufficient mass that could cause such a high levelof distortion via gravitational pull in the vicinity ofthe Milky Way. Therefore, something that is not easily(40) observed must be exerting the necessary force to createthe warped shape of the galaxy.Aaron Romanowsky and several colleagues havequestioned the effect that dark matter might have ongalaxies. They point to the existence of several ellipti-(45) cal galaxies surrounded by very little dark matter asevidence that dark matter is not, in fact, the causeof the warped galaxies. While they do not claim thattheir findings should be interpreted to conclude thatdark matter does not exist, they apparently believe(50) that the results of their studies cast doubt on someof the conventional theories of galaxy formation andmanipulation.Several models constructed by researchers fromthe University of California at Berkeley, however,(55) point to the idea that dark matter is the most likelyexplanation for the distorted shape of the Milky Wayand other galaxies. Using computer models, they havemapped the likely interactions between certain galax-ies and the surrounding dark matter, and those models(60) have shown not only the possibility that dark matteris responsible for the warped shape of the Milky Way,but that the relationship between the dark matter andthe Magellanic clouds is dynamic; the movement ofthe clouds through the dark matter seems to create a(65) wake that enhances their gravitational influence on theMilky Way.Q.The passage states that some members of the scientific community are reluctant to believe in the existence of dark matter because:a)there is absolutely no evidence for the existence of dark matter.b)no one understands how to apply gravitational science.c)dark matter cannot be directly observed.d)dark matter has little effect on surrounding matter.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?.

Solutions for Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: This passage discusses some of the controversy surrounding the existence of dark matter in the universe.Dark matter in the universe is believed by somescientists to be a substance that is not readily observablebecause it does not directly refract light or energy. Itsexistence can only be deduced because of the effect that(5) it has on surrounding matter. In fact, some members ofthe scientific community have argued that dark mat-ter does not actually exist. Others, however, believe inits existence, in part because the scientific communitydoes not have a complete understanding of gravita-(10) tional science. On the other hand, some would arguethat it is the understanding of gravitational science thatleads most scientists to believe in the existence of darkmatter, because without dark matter, there are manycosmological phenomena that are difficult to explain.(15) For example, dark matter in the universe mayhave a peculiar effect on the Milky Way galaxy. Somescientists believe that the interaction between dark mat-ter and other smaller, nearby galaxies is causing theMilky Way galaxy to take on a warped profile. It has(20) been asserted that not only does dark matter exist, itmay also be responsible for the Milky Way’s unusualshape. The interaction referenced involves two smallergalaxies near the Milky Way, called Magellanic clouds,moving through an enormous amount of dark matter,(25) which, in effect, enhances the gravitational pull that thetwo Magellanic clouds could have on the Milky Wayand other surrounding bodies. Without the existence ofthe dark matter, the Magellanic clouds would not havesufficient mass to have such a strong effect on the bend(30) of the Milky Way galaxy.The strongest evidence for the validity of thishypothesis rests in Newtonian physics, and the hypoth-esis that anything with mass will exert a gravitationalpull. The Milky Way and other galaxies with pecu-(35) liar warped shapes are being molded by a gravitationalforce. However, there is nothing readily observablewith sufficient mass that could cause such a high levelof distortion via gravitational pull in the vicinity ofthe Milky Way. Therefore, something that is not easily(40) observed must be exerting the necessary force to createthe warped shape of the galaxy.Aaron Romanowsky and several colleagues havequestioned the effect that dark matter might have ongalaxies. They point to the existence of several ellipti-(45) cal galaxies surrounded by very little dark matter asevidence that dark matter is not, in fact, the causeof the warped galaxies. While they do not claim thattheir findings should be interpreted to conclude thatdark matter does not exist, they apparently believe(50) that the results of their studies cast doubt on someof the conventional theories of galaxy formation andmanipulation.Several models constructed by researchers fromthe University of California at Berkeley, however,(55) point to the idea that dark matter is the most likelyexplanation for the distorted shape of the Milky Wayand other galaxies. Using computer models, they havemapped the likely interactions between certain galax-ies and the surrounding dark matter, and those models(60) have shown not only the possibility that dark matteris responsible for the warped shape of the Milky Way,but that the relationship between the dark matter andthe Magellanic clouds is dynamic; the movement ofthe clouds through the dark matter seems to create a(65) wake that enhances their gravitational influence on theMilky Way.Q.The passage states that some members of the scientific community are reluctant to believe in the existence of dark matter because:a)there is absolutely no evidence for the existence of dark matter.b)no one understands how to apply gravitational science.c)dark matter cannot be directly observed.d)dark matter has little effect on surrounding matter.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for ACT. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for ACT Exam by signing up for free.

Here you can find the meaning of Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: This passage discusses some of the controversy surrounding the existence of dark matter in the universe.Dark matter in the universe is believed by somescientists to be a substance that is not readily observablebecause it does not directly refract light or energy. Itsexistence can only be deduced because of the effect that(5) it has on surrounding matter. In fact, some members ofthe scientific community have argued that dark mat-ter does not actually exist. Others, however, believe inits existence, in part because the scientific communitydoes not have a complete understanding of gravita-(10) tional science. On the other hand, some would arguethat it is the understanding of gravitational science thatleads most scientists to believe in the existence of darkmatter, because without dark matter, there are manycosmological phenomena that are difficult to explain.(15) For example, dark matter in the universe mayhave a peculiar effect on the Milky Way galaxy. Somescientists believe that the interaction between dark mat-ter and other smaller, nearby galaxies is causing theMilky Way galaxy to take on a warped profile. It has(20) been asserted that not only does dark matter exist, itmay also be responsible for the Milky Way’s unusualshape. The interaction referenced involves two smallergalaxies near the Milky Way, called Magellanic clouds,moving through an enormous amount of dark matter,(25) which, in effect, enhances the gravitational pull that thetwo Magellanic clouds could have on the Milky Wayand other surrounding bodies. Without the existence ofthe dark matter, the Magellanic clouds would not havesufficient mass to have such a strong effect on the bend(30) of the Milky Way galaxy.The strongest evidence for the validity of thishypothesis rests in Newtonian physics, and the hypoth-esis that anything with mass will exert a gravitationalpull. The Milky Way and other galaxies with pecu-(35) liar warped shapes are being molded by a gravitationalforce. However, there is nothing readily observablewith sufficient mass that could cause such a high levelof distortion via gravitational pull in the vicinity ofthe Milky Way. Therefore, something that is not easily(40) observed must be exerting the necessary force to createthe warped shape of the galaxy.Aaron Romanowsky and several colleagues havequestioned the effect that dark matter might have ongalaxies. They point to the existence of several ellipti-(45) cal galaxies surrounded by very little dark matter asevidence that dark matter is not, in fact, the causeof the warped galaxies. While they do not claim thattheir findings should be interpreted to conclude thatdark matter does not exist, they apparently believe(50) that the results of their studies cast doubt on someof the conventional theories of galaxy formation andmanipulation.Several models constructed by researchers fromthe University of California at Berkeley, however,(55) point to the idea that dark matter is the most likelyexplanation for the distorted shape of the Milky Wayand other galaxies. Using computer models, they havemapped the likely interactions between certain galax-ies and the surrounding dark matter, and those models(60) have shown not only the possibility that dark matteris responsible for the warped shape of the Milky Way,but that the relationship between the dark matter andthe Magellanic clouds is dynamic; the movement ofthe clouds through the dark matter seems to create a(65) wake that enhances their gravitational influence on theMilky Way.Q.The passage states that some members of the scientific community are reluctant to believe in the existence of dark matter because:a)there is absolutely no evidence for the existence of dark matter.b)no one understands how to apply gravitational science.c)dark matter cannot be directly observed.d)dark matter has little effect on surrounding matter.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: This passage discusses some of the controversy surrounding the existence of dark matter in the universe.Dark matter in the universe is believed by somescientists to be a substance that is not readily observablebecause it does not directly refract light or energy. Itsexistence can only be deduced because of the effect that(5) it has on surrounding matter. In fact, some members ofthe scientific community have argued that dark mat-ter does not actually exist. Others, however, believe inits existence, in part because the scientific communitydoes not have a complete understanding of gravita-(10) tional science. On the other hand, some would arguethat it is the understanding of gravitational science thatleads most scientists to believe in the existence of darkmatter, because without dark matter, there are manycosmological phenomena that are difficult to explain.(15) For example, dark matter in the universe mayhave a peculiar effect on the Milky Way galaxy. Somescientists believe that the interaction between dark mat-ter and other smaller, nearby galaxies is causing theMilky Way galaxy to take on a warped profile. It has(20) been asserted that not only does dark matter exist, itmay also be responsible for the Milky Way’s unusualshape. The interaction referenced involves two smallergalaxies near the Milky Way, called Magellanic clouds,moving through an enormous amount of dark matter,(25) which, in effect, enhances the gravitational pull that thetwo Magellanic clouds could have on the Milky Wayand other surrounding bodies. Without the existence ofthe dark matter, the Magellanic clouds would not havesufficient mass to have such a strong effect on the bend(30) of the Milky Way galaxy.The strongest evidence for the validity of thishypothesis rests in Newtonian physics, and the hypoth-esis that anything with mass will exert a gravitationalpull. The Milky Way and other galaxies with pecu-(35) liar warped shapes are being molded by a gravitationalforce. However, there is nothing readily observablewith sufficient mass that could cause such a high levelof distortion via gravitational pull in the vicinity ofthe Milky Way. Therefore, something that is not easily(40) observed must be exerting the necessary force to createthe warped shape of the galaxy.Aaron Romanowsky and several colleagues havequestioned the effect that dark matter might have ongalaxies. They point to the existence of several ellipti-(45) cal galaxies surrounded by very little dark matter asevidence that dark matter is not, in fact, the causeof the warped galaxies. While they do not claim thattheir findings should be interpreted to conclude thatdark matter does not exist, they apparently believe(50) that the results of their studies cast doubt on someof the conventional theories of galaxy formation andmanipulation.Several models constructed by researchers fromthe University of California at Berkeley, however,(55) point to the idea that dark matter is the most likelyexplanation for the distorted shape of the Milky Wayand other galaxies. Using computer models, they havemapped the likely interactions between certain galax-ies and the surrounding dark matter, and those models(60) have shown not only the possibility that dark matteris responsible for the warped shape of the Milky Way,but that the relationship between the dark matter andthe Magellanic clouds is dynamic; the movement ofthe clouds through the dark matter seems to create a(65) wake that enhances their gravitational influence on theMilky Way.Q.The passage states that some members of the scientific community are reluctant to believe in the existence of dark matter because:a)there is absolutely no evidence for the existence of dark matter.b)no one understands how to apply gravitational science.c)dark matter cannot be directly observed.d)dark matter has little effect on surrounding matter.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: This passage discusses some of the controversy surrounding the existence of dark matter in the universe.Dark matter in the universe is believed by somescientists to be a substance that is not readily observablebecause it does not directly refract light or energy. Itsexistence can only be deduced because of the effect that(5) it has on surrounding matter. In fact, some members ofthe scientific community have argued that dark mat-ter does not actually exist. Others, however, believe inits existence, in part because the scientific communitydoes not have a complete understanding of gravita-(10) tional science. On the other hand, some would arguethat it is the understanding of gravitational science thatleads most scientists to believe in the existence of darkmatter, because without dark matter, there are manycosmological phenomena that are difficult to explain.(15) For example, dark matter in the universe mayhave a peculiar effect on the Milky Way galaxy. Somescientists believe that the interaction between dark mat-ter and other smaller, nearby galaxies is causing theMilky Way galaxy to take on a warped profile. It has(20) been asserted that not only does dark matter exist, itmay also be responsible for the Milky Way’s unusualshape. The interaction referenced involves two smallergalaxies near the Milky Way, called Magellanic clouds,moving through an enormous amount of dark matter,(25) which, in effect, enhances the gravitational pull that thetwo Magellanic clouds could have on the Milky Wayand other surrounding bodies. Without the existence ofthe dark matter, the Magellanic clouds would not havesufficient mass to have such a strong effect on the bend(30) of the Milky Way galaxy.The strongest evidence for the validity of thishypothesis rests in Newtonian physics, and the hypoth-esis that anything with mass will exert a gravitationalpull. The Milky Way and other galaxies with pecu-(35) liar warped shapes are being molded by a gravitationalforce. However, there is nothing readily observablewith sufficient mass that could cause such a high levelof distortion via gravitational pull in the vicinity ofthe Milky Way. Therefore, something that is not easily(40) observed must be exerting the necessary force to createthe warped shape of the galaxy.Aaron Romanowsky and several colleagues havequestioned the effect that dark matter might have ongalaxies. They point to the existence of several ellipti-(45) cal galaxies surrounded by very little dark matter asevidence that dark matter is not, in fact, the causeof the warped galaxies. While they do not claim thattheir findings should be interpreted to conclude thatdark matter does not exist, they apparently believe(50) that the results of their studies cast doubt on someof the conventional theories of galaxy formation andmanipulation.Several models constructed by researchers fromthe University of California at Berkeley, however,(55) point to the idea that dark matter is the most likelyexplanation for the distorted shape of the Milky Wayand other galaxies. Using computer models, they havemapped the likely interactions between certain galax-ies and the surrounding dark matter, and those models(60) have shown not only the possibility that dark matteris responsible for the warped shape of the Milky Way,but that the relationship between the dark matter andthe Magellanic clouds is dynamic; the movement ofthe clouds through the dark matter seems to create a(65) wake that enhances their gravitational influence on theMilky Way.Q.The passage states that some members of the scientific community are reluctant to believe in the existence of dark matter because:a)there is absolutely no evidence for the existence of dark matter.b)no one understands how to apply gravitational science.c)dark matter cannot be directly observed.d)dark matter has little effect on surrounding matter.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: This passage discusses some of the controversy surrounding the existence of dark matter in the universe.Dark matter in the universe is believed by somescientists to be a substance that is not readily observablebecause it does not directly refract light or energy. Itsexistence can only be deduced because of the effect that(5) it has on surrounding matter. In fact, some members ofthe scientific community have argued that dark mat-ter does not actually exist. Others, however, believe inits existence, in part because the scientific communitydoes not have a complete understanding of gravita-(10) tional science. On the other hand, some would arguethat it is the understanding of gravitational science thatleads most scientists to believe in the existence of darkmatter, because without dark matter, there are manycosmological phenomena that are difficult to explain.(15) For example, dark matter in the universe mayhave a peculiar effect on the Milky Way galaxy. Somescientists believe that the interaction between dark mat-ter and other smaller, nearby galaxies is causing theMilky Way galaxy to take on a warped profile. It has(20) been asserted that not only does dark matter exist, itmay also be responsible for the Milky Way’s unusualshape. The interaction referenced involves two smallergalaxies near the Milky Way, called Magellanic clouds,moving through an enormous amount of dark matter,(25) which, in effect, enhances the gravitational pull that thetwo Magellanic clouds could have on the Milky Wayand other surrounding bodies. Without the existence ofthe dark matter, the Magellanic clouds would not havesufficient mass to have such a strong effect on the bend(30) of the Milky Way galaxy.The strongest evidence for the validity of thishypothesis rests in Newtonian physics, and the hypoth-esis that anything with mass will exert a gravitationalpull. The Milky Way and other galaxies with pecu-(35) liar warped shapes are being molded by a gravitationalforce. However, there is nothing readily observablewith sufficient mass that could cause such a high levelof distortion via gravitational pull in the vicinity ofthe Milky Way. Therefore, something that is not easily(40) observed must be exerting the necessary force to createthe warped shape of the galaxy.Aaron Romanowsky and several colleagues havequestioned the effect that dark matter might have ongalaxies. They point to the existence of several ellipti-(45) cal galaxies surrounded by very little dark matter asevidence that dark matter is not, in fact, the causeof the warped galaxies. While they do not claim thattheir findings should be interpreted to conclude thatdark matter does not exist, they apparently believe(50) that the results of their studies cast doubt on someof the conventional theories of galaxy formation andmanipulation.Several models constructed by researchers fromthe University of California at Berkeley, however,(55) point to the idea that dark matter is the most likelyexplanation for the distorted shape of the Milky Wayand other galaxies. Using computer models, they havemapped the likely interactions between certain galax-ies and the surrounding dark matter, and those models(60) have shown not only the possibility that dark matteris responsible for the warped shape of the Milky Way,but that the relationship between the dark matter andthe Magellanic clouds is dynamic; the movement ofthe clouds through the dark matter seems to create a(65) wake that enhances their gravitational influence on theMilky Way.Q.The passage states that some members of the scientific community are reluctant to believe in the existence of dark matter because:a)there is absolutely no evidence for the existence of dark matter.b)no one understands how to apply gravitational science.c)dark matter cannot be directly observed.d)dark matter has little effect on surrounding matter.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an ample number of questions to practice Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: This passage discusses some of the controversy surrounding the existence of dark matter in the universe.Dark matter in the universe is believed by somescientists to be a substance that is not readily observablebecause it does not directly refract light or energy. Itsexistence can only be deduced because of the effect that(5) it has on surrounding matter. In fact, some members ofthe scientific community have argued that dark mat-ter does not actually exist. Others, however, believe inits existence, in part because the scientific communitydoes not have a complete understanding of gravita-(10) tional science. On the other hand, some would arguethat it is the understanding of gravitational science thatleads most scientists to believe in the existence of darkmatter, because without dark matter, there are manycosmological phenomena that are difficult to explain.(15) For example, dark matter in the universe mayhave a peculiar effect on the Milky Way galaxy. Somescientists believe that the interaction between dark mat-ter and other smaller, nearby galaxies is causing theMilky Way galaxy to take on a warped profile. It has(20) been asserted that not only does dark matter exist, itmay also be responsible for the Milky Way’s unusualshape. The interaction referenced involves two smallergalaxies near the Milky Way, called Magellanic clouds,moving through an enormous amount of dark matter,(25) which, in effect, enhances the gravitational pull that thetwo Magellanic clouds could have on the Milky Wayand other surrounding bodies. Without the existence ofthe dark matter, the Magellanic clouds would not havesufficient mass to have such a strong effect on the bend(30) of the Milky Way galaxy.The strongest evidence for the validity of thishypothesis rests in Newtonian physics, and the hypoth-esis that anything with mass will exert a gravitationalpull. The Milky Way and other galaxies with pecu-(35) liar warped shapes are being molded by a gravitationalforce. However, there is nothing readily observablewith sufficient mass that could cause such a high levelof distortion via gravitational pull in the vicinity ofthe Milky Way. Therefore, something that is not easily(40) observed must be exerting the necessary force to createthe warped shape of the galaxy.Aaron Romanowsky and several colleagues havequestioned the effect that dark matter might have ongalaxies. They point to the existence of several ellipti-(45) cal galaxies surrounded by very little dark matter asevidence that dark matter is not, in fact, the causeof the warped galaxies. While they do not claim thattheir findings should be interpreted to conclude thatdark matter does not exist, they apparently believe(50) that the results of their studies cast doubt on someof the conventional theories of galaxy formation andmanipulation.Several models constructed by researchers fromthe University of California at Berkeley, however,(55) point to the idea that dark matter is the most likelyexplanation for the distorted shape of the Milky Wayand other galaxies. Using computer models, they havemapped the likely interactions between certain galax-ies and the surrounding dark matter, and those models(60) have shown not only the possibility that dark matteris responsible for the warped shape of the Milky Way,but that the relationship between the dark matter andthe Magellanic clouds is dynamic; the movement ofthe clouds through the dark matter seems to create a(65) wake that enhances their gravitational influence on theMilky Way.Q.The passage states that some members of the scientific community are reluctant to believe in the existence of dark matter because:a)there is absolutely no evidence for the existence of dark matter.b)no one understands how to apply gravitational science.c)dark matter cannot be directly observed.d)dark matter has little effect on surrounding matter.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice ACT tests.