The Earth is composed of several layers, each with distinct characteristics and properties. These layers can be categorized into three main types: the crust, the mantle, and the core.

1. Crust:
The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth and is the thinnest layer, making up only about 1% of the Earth's volume. It consists of solid rock and extends from the surface down to about 40 kilometers beneath the continents and around 10 kilometers beneath the ocean floor. There are two types of crust:

- Continental Crust: This type of crust is found beneath the continents and is composed mainly of granite rocks. It is less dense and thicker compared to oceanic crust.
- Oceanic Crust: Oceanic crust is found beneath the ocean basins and is composed mainly of basalt rocks. It is denser and thinner compared to continental crust.

2. Mantle:
The mantle is the layer beneath the crust and extends to a depth of about 2,900 kilometers. It accounts for approximately 84% of the Earth's volume. The mantle is composed of solid rock, but it is capable of flowing slowly over long periods of time. It can be further divided into two sections:

- Upper Mantle: The upper mantle is the uppermost part of the mantle and is rigid. It extends from the base of the crust to a depth of about 660 kilometers.
- Lower Mantle: The lower mantle lies beneath the upper mantle and extends from a depth of about 660 kilometers to approximately 2,900 kilometers. It is more viscous and capable of flowing under high pressure and temperature conditions.

3. Core:
The core is the innermost layer of the Earth and is divided into two parts: the outer core and the inner core.

- Outer Core: The outer core is a liquid layer composed mainly of molten iron and nickel. It surrounds the inner core and is responsible for generating the Earth's magnetic field through the movement of charged particles.
- Inner Core: The inner core is a solid layer primarily composed of iron and nickel under immense pressure. Despite its extremely high temperature, the inner core remains solid due to the immense pressure exerted by the layers above it.

The layers of the Earth, from the crust to the core, play vital roles in shaping the planet's structure, geology, and dynamics. Understanding these layers helps scientists study earthquakes, volcanic activities, and the overall behavior of our planet.

There are three layer of earth is (1)atmosphere (2) trosphere (3) lithosphere(4)biosphere