The Earth's Distance from the Sun on 4th July:

The distance between the Earth and the Sun varies throughout the year due to the elliptical shape of the Earth's orbit. The point in the Earth's orbit where it is farthest from the Sun is known as aphelion. On 4th July, the Earth is indeed farthest from the Sun. The correct answer is option 'A', which states that the Earth's distance from the Sun on 4th July is 152 million km.

Explanation:

The distance between the Earth and the Sun can be calculated using the average distance between the two, which is known as an astronomical unit (AU). One AU is approximately equal to the average distance between the Earth and the Sun, which is about 149.6 million km.

The Earth's orbit around the Sun is not a perfect circle but an ellipse. This means that the Earth is closer to the Sun at certain points in its orbit (perihelion) and farther away at other points (aphelion). The difference in distance between perihelion and aphelion is about 5 million km.

The Earth's Orbit and Aphelion:

The Earth's orbit around the Sun can be visualized as an elongated ellipse. The Sun is located at one of the two foci of this ellipse. The point in the Earth's orbit where it is closest to the Sun is called perihelion, while the point where it is farthest from the Sun is called aphelion.

Calculating the Distance on 4th July:

To determine the Earth's distance from the Sun on 4th July, we need to consider the date when the Earth reaches aphelion. Aphelion occurs around 4th July each year, although the exact date may vary slightly.

The distance between the Earth and the Sun at aphelion is approximately 152 million km. This means that on 4th July, the Earth is about 152 million km away from the Sun.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, on 4th July, the Earth is farthest from the Sun, reaching a distance of approximately 152 million km. This occurs due to the elliptical shape of the Earth's orbit, with aphelion being the point farthest from the Sun.