Which of the following moral theories of ethics and their provisions i...
Key Points
Utilitarian Ethics:
- It is often equated with the concept of “the greatest good for the greatest number.”
- The idea is that ethical decisions are made based on the consequences of the action, which is why it is also sometimes called consequentialism.
- Interestingly, Curtin, Gallicano and Matthew found that, when faced with ethical situations in public relations, “Millennials will use utilitarian reasoning to avoid confrontation and achieve consensus.”
- The attraction of this ethical perspective may lie in the fact that it appears to be a way to weigh out the impact of behavior and determine the greatest good for the greatest number.
Deontological Ethics:
- It is associated with the father of modern deontology, Immanuel Kant.
- He was known for the ‘Categorical Imperative’ that looks for transcendent principles that apply to all humans.
- The idea is that “human beings should be treated with dignity and respect because they have rights.” Put another way, it could be argued that in deontological ethics “people have a duty to respect other people’s rights and treat them accordingly.”
- The core concept behind this is that there are objective obligations, or duties, that are required of all people.
Virtue Ethics:
- The consideration in virtue ethics is essentially “what makes a good person,” or, for the purpose of this discussion, “what makes a good public relations professional?”
- Virtue ethics require the decision-maker to understand what virtues are good for public relations and then decisions are made in light of those particular virtues.
- For example, if the virtue of honesty is the of utmost importance to a good public relations professional, then all decisions should be made ethically to ensure honesty is preserved.
Which of the following moral theories of ethics and their provisions i...
Utilitarian ethics: The greatest good for the greatest number
Deontological ethics: Human beings should be treated with dignity and respect because they have rights.
Virtue ethics: Considering what virtue makes a good public relations
The correct answer is option 'D' - None of these.
Explanation:
Utilitarian ethics:
Utilitarian ethics is a consequentialist moral theory that focuses on maximizing overall happiness or well-being. It states that the right action is the one that produces the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest number of people. This means that the moral value of an action is determined by its consequences. Therefore, the provision "The greatest good for the greatest number" correctly matches utilitarian ethics.
Deontological ethics:
Deontological ethics is a non-consequentialist moral theory that focuses on duties, obligations, and principles. It emphasizes the inherent value of human beings and their rights. According to deontological ethics, actions are morally right or wrong based on whether they fulfill one's duties or adhere to moral principles. Therefore, the provision "Human beings should be treated with dignity and respect because they have rights" correctly matches deontological ethics.
Virtue ethics:
Virtue ethics is a moral theory that focuses on the development of virtuous character traits. It emphasizes the importance of cultivating virtues such as honesty, courage, and compassion. Virtue ethics does not directly address public relations or specific professions. Therefore, the provision "Considering what virtue makes a good public relations" does not correctly match virtue ethics.
Therefore, the correct answer is option 'D' - None of these.
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