Deaf and dumb individuals, also known as deaf-mute or non-verbal individuals, face challenges in verbal communication due to their inability to hear or speak. However, they have developed alternative methods to communicate effectively with others. The correct answer to the question is option 'A', which states that they communicate through actions and lip reading. Let's explore this in more detail.

Actions:
One of the primary ways deaf and dumb individuals communicate is through actions. They rely on non-verbal gestures, body language, and facial expressions to convey their thoughts, feelings, and needs. Actions such as pointing, nodding, shaking the head, or using hand movements help them express themselves effectively.

Lip Reading:
Lip reading, also known as speechreading, is another essential aspect of communication for deaf and dumb individuals. They pay close attention to the movements of the lips, facial expressions, and other visual cues to understand what others are saying. Lip reading requires keen observation and concentration, as it can be challenging to accurately interpret every word solely based on lip movements.

Writing:
In addition to actions and lip reading, writing plays an essential role in communication for deaf and dumb individuals. They use written language to express their thoughts, ask questions, and have conversations. Writing can be done using pen and paper, digital devices, or any other means that allows them to visually convey their message.

It's important to note that not all deaf and dumb individuals are proficient in reading and writing, as educational opportunities may vary. However, basic writing skills are often taught to facilitate communication.

Sign Language:
While not mentioned in the options, it is worth mentioning that sign language is another crucial method of communication for deaf and dumb individuals. Sign language is a visual language that uses hand movements, gestures, facial expressions, and body language to convey meaning. It has its own grammar and syntax, and different sign languages exist around the world. Sign language allows deaf and dumb individuals to have interactive and meaningful conversations with others who understand sign language.

In conclusion, deaf and dumb individuals communicate through a combination of actions, lip reading, writing, and sign language. These methods enable them to express themselves, understand others, and be actively engaged in various social interactions.

Deaf and mute individuals often communicate through actions, gestures, and lip reading to understand spoken language and convey their thoughts and ideas effectively.