Jaipur - The New Capital of Sawai Raja Jai Singh
Jaipur was founded by Sawai Raja Jai Singh II, the ruler of Amer in 1727. Let's explore some key points about why he decided to establish Jaipur as his new capital:

Geographical Location
- Jaipur was strategically located in a region that offered more security and protection compared to Amer, the previous capital.
- The new location was more easily accessible and had better connectivity to other regions.

Urban Planning and Architecture
- Sawai Jai Singh was a visionary ruler who wanted to create a well-planned city with a focus on architecture and infrastructure.
- He employed the services of skilled architects and town planners to design Jaipur according to the principles of Vastu Shastra and Shilpa Shastra.

Cultural Significance
- Jaipur was designed as per the principles of Vedic architecture, incorporating elements of Hindu, Mughal, and Western architecture.
- The city's layout, with its wide streets, beautiful gardens, and grand palaces, reflected the rich cultural heritage of the region.

Legacy of Sawai Jai Singh
- Sawai Jai Singh's vision and leadership in establishing Jaipur as his capital left a lasting legacy in Indian history.
- Jaipur became known as the Pink City due to the color of its buildings, a tradition that continues to this day.
In conclusion, Sawai Raja Jai Singh's decision to establish Jaipur as his new capital was a testament to his foresight, cultural appreciation, and commitment to creating a city that would stand the test of time.

Sawai Raja Jai Singh founded his new capital at Jaipur.
Some key points to support this answer include:
1. Historical Background: Sawai Raja Jai Singh was a Rajput ruler of the Kachwaha dynasty who ruled Amber (now known as Jaipur) in the early 18th century. He decided to establish a new capital due to political and strategic reasons.
2. Reasons for Establishing a New Capital: Jai Singh wanted to move the capital from Amber to a more central location in his kingdom. He chose the site of present-day Jaipur for its strategic location, fertile land, and proximity to important trade routes.
3. Planning and Construction: Jai Singh enlisted the help of architects and town planners to design and build the new capital. The city was carefully planned according to the principles of Vastu Shastra, an ancient Indian architectural science.
4. Symbolism: Jaipur was designed to reflect the principles of Hindu cosmology and astrology. The city is divided into nine rectangular sectors, representing the nine planets of the solar system. Each sector is further divided into smaller blocks, with wide streets and well-planned markets.
5. Architectural Marvels: Jaipur is renowned for its stunning architecture, including the iconic Hawa Mahal (Palace of Winds), Amer Fort, City Palace, Jantar Mantar (observatory), and many more. These grand structures showcase the rich cultural heritage of the region.
6. Legacy: Jaipur continues to be the capital of the Indian state of Rajasthan and is known as the "Pink City" due to the color of its buildings. It is a major tourist destination, attracting visitors from around the world to admire its architectural beauty and immerse in its vibrant culture.
Therefore, it is clear that Sawai Raja Jai Singh founded his new capital at Jaipur, making option A the correct answer.