MCAT Exam > MCAT Questions > Based on general solubility rules, which of t...
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Based on general solubility rules, which of the following compounds is considered soluble?
- a)Cs2CrO4
- b)PbCl2
- c)Al(OH)3
- d)CaSO4
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Most Upvoted Answer
Based on general solubility rules, which of the following compounds is...
CASH-N-GIA is a mnemonic for solubility rules. Chlorates, Acetates, Sulfates, Halides (not Fluorides), Nitrates, Group I metals, Ammonium. These compounds are generally soluble.
Lead chloride, PbCl2 is a halide or chloride, but it is one of the exceptions which include mercury Hg22+, silver Ag+, and lead Pb2+. Think HAPpy.
Calcium sulfate, CaSO4, is a sulfate, but it is one of the exceptions which include the HAPpy group from above, but also CBS for the Group II metals, calcium Ca2+, barium Ba2+, and strontium Sr2+.
The hydroxides are not part of CASHNGIA and should be considered insoluble. The expected exceptions are the Group I metals and ammonium. Aluminum hydroxide, Al(OH)3, therefore, is considered insoluble.
The chromates are also not part of CASHNGIA, but cesium Cs is a Group I metal, and therefore, caesium chromate, Cs2CrO4 is considered soluble.
The correct answer is Cs2CrO4.
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Based on general solubility rules, which of the following compounds is...
Understanding Solubility Rules
Solubility rules help determine the solubility of various compounds in water. Among the given options, we will explore why Cs2CrO4 is considered soluble.
General Solubility Guidelines
- Alkali Metal Compounds: Compounds containing alkali metals (Group 1 elements) are generally soluble.
- Nitrates and Acetates: Compounds containing nitrates (NO3-) and acetates (C2H3O2-) are soluble.
- Sulfates: Most sulfate salts are soluble, but there are exceptions.
- Hydroxides and Carbonates: Generally insoluble, with some exceptions for alkali metals and certain alkaline earth metals.
Analysis of Each Compound
- Cs2CrO4 (Cesium Chromate):
- Contains cesium (an alkali metal).
- According to solubility rules, all salts of alkali metals are soluble.
- Therefore, Cs2CrO4 is soluble.
- PbCl2 (Lead(II) Chloride):
- While chlorides are generally soluble, lead(II) chloride is an exception; it is only slightly soluble.
- Al(OH)3 (Aluminum Hydroxide):
- Hydroxides are typically insoluble, and aluminum hydroxide is one of them.
- CaSO4 (Calcium Sulfate):
- Calcium sulfate is generally considered only slightly soluble in water.
Conclusion
Based on the solubility rules, Cs2CrO4 is the only soluble compound among the options provided, confirming it as the correct answer.
Solubility rules help determine the solubility of various compounds in water. Among the given options, we will explore why Cs2CrO4 is considered soluble.
General Solubility Guidelines
- Alkali Metal Compounds: Compounds containing alkali metals (Group 1 elements) are generally soluble.
- Nitrates and Acetates: Compounds containing nitrates (NO3-) and acetates (C2H3O2-) are soluble.
- Sulfates: Most sulfate salts are soluble, but there are exceptions.
- Hydroxides and Carbonates: Generally insoluble, with some exceptions for alkali metals and certain alkaline earth metals.
Analysis of Each Compound
- Cs2CrO4 (Cesium Chromate):
- Contains cesium (an alkali metal).
- According to solubility rules, all salts of alkali metals are soluble.
- Therefore, Cs2CrO4 is soluble.
- PbCl2 (Lead(II) Chloride):
- While chlorides are generally soluble, lead(II) chloride is an exception; it is only slightly soluble.
- Al(OH)3 (Aluminum Hydroxide):
- Hydroxides are typically insoluble, and aluminum hydroxide is one of them.
- CaSO4 (Calcium Sulfate):
- Calcium sulfate is generally considered only slightly soluble in water.
Conclusion
Based on the solubility rules, Cs2CrO4 is the only soluble compound among the options provided, confirming it as the correct answer.
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