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Directions: Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.
Passage
SOCIAL SCIENCE: A Cure for Polio
In the early twentieth century, no other disease
caused as much fear and anxiety in the United States
as paralytic poliomyelitis. Paralytic poliomyelitis,
more commonly known as polio, was a particularly
(5) devastating disease because of its effect on children.
Many children stricken with polio became permanently
confined to wheelchairs or died at a very early age.
It was during the summer of 1916 that Americans
first realized that polio was a threatening and
(10) deadly disease. As a virus, polio seemed to spread
most quickly and easily during the summer months.
Throughout that fateful summer, New York City expe-
rienced a polio epidemic that killed 9,000 people and
left 27,000 paralyzed.
(15) Even though polio was not a new disease, med-
ical experts around the turn of the century were still
uncertain about how to prevent it. While it is difficult
to determine polio’s first appearance in history, various
accounts of lameness and paralysis suggest that polio
(20) can be traced back to early Egypt. It was probably
not until 1908, when two Austrian physicians identi-
fied the submicroscopic virus, that scientists began to
have an accurate understanding of the disease. Until
1908, conditions such as overheating, chilling, and
(25) even teething were thought to cause polio’s symptoms.
Some scientists and doctors even believed that diseases
such as whooping cough and pneumonia were the cause
of polio.
For many decades, polio research centered on
(30) treating symptoms as well as developing a vaccine
to prevent polio. There was no known cure for peo-
ple already infected with polio, so doctors focused on
managing the disease’s debilitating effects. Scientists
and doctors concentrated on making the polio patient
(35) more comfortable and preventing fatalities. During the
1920s, the iron lung became a common device used
to assist polio patients in breathing. When using the
iron lung, patients would lie in a metal, human-sized
tank for long periods of time. Sometimes, polio patients
(40) would have to continue this treatment their entire lives.
Serum therapy was also attempted. During this type of
treatment, polio victims would receive doses of serum
extracted from polio-recovered monkeys, humans, and
even horses. After nearly 20 years of research and trials,
(45) serum therapy was finally abandoned and deemed
unsuccessful.
In the medical field, other debates occurred
regarding the proper treatment of polio patients. Ini-
tially, it was thought that diseased limbs should be
(50) immobilized and even placed in casts. In addition,
polio patients were prescribed complete bed rest. How-
ever, other theories suggested that paralyzed arms
and legs should be wrapped in hot compresses and
exercised regularly to prevent muscular atrophy. This
(55) latter approach soon became typical protocol because
it seemed to relieve some pain and discomfort.
During World War II, the effort to cure and prevent
polio in the United States was stalled because medical
researchers became more involved with military issues
(60) and diseases overseas. However, at the end of the War,
as numerous troops returned home and polio epidemics
once again increased, attention was turned back to this
dreaded disease. Finally, a breakthrough occurred dur-
ing the early 1950s when a medical researcher named
(65) Jonas Salk developed an effective vaccine using the
tissue culture method. Salk discovered that injecting
elements of the dead polio virus into healthy patients
was effective, because vaccinated patients would build
antibodies against the dead virus. These acquired
(70) antibodies prevented any future infection.
Later, another medical researcher named Albert
Sabin developed an even easier method of distributing
the vaccine. Sabin’s vaccine became known as the oral
polio vaccine. This innovation eliminated the use of
(75) needles; the vaccine was administered by mouth. Chil-
dren had no difficulty tolerating the vaccine because
it was infiltrated into a sugar cube. By 1955, the Salk
vaccination trials were deemed successful. The gov-
ernment quickly established a program to administer
(80) vaccines to everyone in the country. By the early 1960s,
the oral Sabin vaccine replaced the Salk injections. The
Sabin vaccine was a live, attenuated virus that provided
longer-lasting effects. By 1964, only 121 cases of polio
were reported. This was a dramatic decrease from the
(85) 58,000 cases reported in 1952.
While the scourge of polio is well under control in
the United States, it is still a dangerous disease world-
wide. Polio is especially a threat in more remote and
undeveloped countries. In addition, 500,000 Americans
(90) continue to live with the effects of childhood polio
infections that began decades ago.
Passage
SOCIAL SCIENCE: A Cure for Polio
In the early twentieth century, no other disease
caused as much fear and anxiety in the United States
as paralytic poliomyelitis. Paralytic poliomyelitis,
more commonly known as polio, was a particularly
(5) devastating disease because of its effect on children.
Many children stricken with polio became permanently
confined to wheelchairs or died at a very early age.
It was during the summer of 1916 that Americans
first realized that polio was a threatening and
(10) deadly disease. As a virus, polio seemed to spread
most quickly and easily during the summer months.
Throughout that fateful summer, New York City expe-
rienced a polio epidemic that killed 9,000 people and
left 27,000 paralyzed.
(15) Even though polio was not a new disease, med-
ical experts around the turn of the century were still
uncertain about how to prevent it. While it is difficult
to determine polio’s first appearance in history, various
accounts of lameness and paralysis suggest that polio
(20) can be traced back to early Egypt. It was probably
not until 1908, when two Austrian physicians identi-
fied the submicroscopic virus, that scientists began to
have an accurate understanding of the disease. Until
1908, conditions such as overheating, chilling, and
(25) even teething were thought to cause polio’s symptoms.
Some scientists and doctors even believed that diseases
such as whooping cough and pneumonia were the cause
of polio.
For many decades, polio research centered on
(30) treating symptoms as well as developing a vaccine
to prevent polio. There was no known cure for peo-
ple already infected with polio, so doctors focused on
managing the disease’s debilitating effects. Scientists
and doctors concentrated on making the polio patient
(35) more comfortable and preventing fatalities. During the
1920s, the iron lung became a common device used
to assist polio patients in breathing. When using the
iron lung, patients would lie in a metal, human-sized
tank for long periods of time. Sometimes, polio patients
(40) would have to continue this treatment their entire lives.
Serum therapy was also attempted. During this type of
treatment, polio victims would receive doses of serum
extracted from polio-recovered monkeys, humans, and
even horses. After nearly 20 years of research and trials,
(45) serum therapy was finally abandoned and deemed
unsuccessful.
In the medical field, other debates occurred
regarding the proper treatment of polio patients. Ini-
tially, it was thought that diseased limbs should be
(50) immobilized and even placed in casts. In addition,
polio patients were prescribed complete bed rest. How-
ever, other theories suggested that paralyzed arms
and legs should be wrapped in hot compresses and
exercised regularly to prevent muscular atrophy. This
(55) latter approach soon became typical protocol because
it seemed to relieve some pain and discomfort.
During World War II, the effort to cure and prevent
polio in the United States was stalled because medical
researchers became more involved with military issues
(60) and diseases overseas. However, at the end of the War,
as numerous troops returned home and polio epidemics
once again increased, attention was turned back to this
dreaded disease. Finally, a breakthrough occurred dur-
ing the early 1950s when a medical researcher named
(65) Jonas Salk developed an effective vaccine using the
tissue culture method. Salk discovered that injecting
elements of the dead polio virus into healthy patients
was effective, because vaccinated patients would build
antibodies against the dead virus. These acquired
(70) antibodies prevented any future infection.
Later, another medical researcher named Albert
Sabin developed an even easier method of distributing
the vaccine. Sabin’s vaccine became known as the oral
polio vaccine. This innovation eliminated the use of
(75) needles; the vaccine was administered by mouth. Chil-
dren had no difficulty tolerating the vaccine because
it was infiltrated into a sugar cube. By 1955, the Salk
vaccination trials were deemed successful. The gov-
ernment quickly established a program to administer
(80) vaccines to everyone in the country. By the early 1960s,
the oral Sabin vaccine replaced the Salk injections. The
Sabin vaccine was a live, attenuated virus that provided
longer-lasting effects. By 1964, only 121 cases of polio
were reported. This was a dramatic decrease from the
(85) 58,000 cases reported in 1952.
While the scourge of polio is well under control in
the United States, it is still a dangerous disease world-
wide. Polio is especially a threat in more remote and
undeveloped countries. In addition, 500,000 Americans
(90) continue to live with the effects of childhood polio
infections that began decades ago.
Q. According to the information presented in the passage, what would likely have happened if the iron lung had not been invented?
- a)Some polio patients would have perished more quickly.
- b)Paralysis in children would have worsened.
- c)Patients would not have received proper bed rest.
- d)Muscular atrophy would not have been prevented.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each questi...
According to the passage, the iron lung assisted patients in breathing, and some patients “would have to continue this treatment their entire lives.” This suggests that if the iron lung was not in existence, or if the patients did not continue iron lung therapy, that they may have not have survived for nearly as long with their disease. This best correlates with answer choice A.
Answer choices B and C are outside the context of the passage; neither is associated with the iron lung in the passage. Answer choice D refers to the exercising of paralyzed arms and legs, not the iron lung.
Answer choices B and C are outside the context of the passage; neither is associated with the iron lung in the passage. Answer choice D refers to the exercising of paralyzed arms and legs, not the iron lung.
Most Upvoted Answer
Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each questi...
According to the passage, the iron lung assisted patients in breathing, and some patients “would have to continue this treatment their entire lives.” This suggests that if the iron lung was not in existence, or if the patients did not continue iron lung therapy, that they may have not have survived for nearly as long with their disease. This best correlates with answer choice A.
Answer choices B and C are outside the context of the passage; neither is associated with the iron lung in the passage. Answer choice D refers to the exercising of paralyzed arms and legs, not the iron lung.
Answer choices B and C are outside the context of the passage; neither is associated with the iron lung in the passage. Answer choice D refers to the exercising of paralyzed arms and legs, not the iron lung.
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Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageSOCIAL SCIENCE: A Cure for PolioIn the early twentieth century, no other diseasecaused as much fear and anxiety in the United Statesas paralytic poliomyelitis. Paralytic poliomyelitis,more commonly known as polio, was a particularly(5) devastating disease because of its effect on children.Many children stricken with polio became permanentlyconfined to wheelchairs or died at a very early age.It was during the summer of 1916 that Americansfirst realized that polio was a threatening and(10) deadly disease. As a virus, polio seemed to spreadmost quickly and easily during the summer months.Throughout that fateful summer, New York City expe-rienced a polio epidemic that killed 9,000 people andleft 27,000 paralyzed.(15) Even though polio was not a new disease, med-ical experts around the turn of the century were stilluncertain about how to prevent it. While it is difficultto determine polio’s first appearance in history, variousaccounts of lameness and paralysis suggest that polio(20) can be traced back to early Egypt. It was probablynot until 1908, when two Austrian physicians identi-fied the submicroscopic virus, that scientists began tohave an accurate understanding of the disease. Until1908, conditions such as overheating, chilling, and(25) even teething were thought to cause polio’s symptoms.Some scientists and doctors even believed that diseasessuch as whooping cough and pneumonia were the causeof polio.For many decades, polio research centered on(30) treating symptoms as well as developing a vaccineto prevent polio. There was no known cure for peo-ple already infected with polio, so doctors focused onmanaging the disease’s debilitating effects. Scientistsand doctors concentrated on making the polio patient(35) more comfortable and preventing fatalities. During the1920s, the iron lung became a common device usedto assist polio patients in breathing. When using theiron lung, patients would lie in a metal, human-sizedtank for long periods of time. Sometimes, polio patients(40) would have to continue this treatment their entire lives.Serum therapy was also attempted. During this type oftreatment, polio victims would receive doses of serumextracted from polio-recovered monkeys, humans, andeven horses. After nearly 20 years of research and trials,(45) serum therapy was finally abandoned and deemedunsuccessful.In the medical field, other debates occurredregarding the proper treatment of polio patients. Ini-tially, it was thought that diseased limbs should be(50) immobilized and even placed in casts. In addition,polio patients were prescribed complete bed rest. How-ever, other theories suggested that paralyzed armsand legs should be wrapped in hot compresses andexercised regularly to prevent muscular atrophy. This(55) latter approach soon became typical protocol becauseit seemed to relieve some pain and discomfort.During World War II, the effort to cure and preventpolio in the United States was stalled because medicalresearchers became more involved with military issues(60) and diseases overseas. However, at the end of the War,as numerous troops returned home and polio epidemicsonce again increased, attention was turned back to thisdreaded disease. Finally, a breakthrough occurred dur-ing the early 1950s when a medical researcher named(65) Jonas Salk developed an effective vaccine using thetissue culture method. Salk discovered that injectingelements of the dead polio virus into healthy patientswas effective, because vaccinated patients would buildantibodies against the dead virus. These acquired(70) antibodies prevented any future infection.Later, another medical researcher named AlbertSabin developed an even easier method of distributingthe vaccine. Sabin’s vaccine became known as the oralpolio vaccine. This innovation eliminated the use of(75) needles; the vaccine was administered by mouth. Chil-dren had no difficulty tolerating the vaccine becauseit was infiltrated into a sugar cube. By 1955, the Salkvaccination trials were deemed successful. The gov-ernment quickly established a program to administer(80) vaccines to everyone in the country. By the early 1960s,the oral Sabin vaccine replaced the Salk injections. TheSabin vaccine was a live, attenuated virus that providedlonger-lasting effects. By 1964, only 121 cases of poliowere reported. This was a dramatic decrease from the(85) 58,000 cases reported in 1952.While the scourge of polio is well under control inthe United States, it is still a dangerous disease world-wide. Polio is especially a threat in more remote andundeveloped countries. In addition, 500,000 Americans(90) continue to live with the effects of childhood polioinfections that began decades ago.Q.According to the information presented in the passage, what would likely have happened if the iron lung had not been invented?a)Some polio patients would have perished more quickly.b)Paralysis in children would have worsened.c)Patients would not have received proper bed rest.d)Muscular atrophy would not have been prevented.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Question Description
Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageSOCIAL SCIENCE: A Cure for PolioIn the early twentieth century, no other diseasecaused as much fear and anxiety in the United Statesas paralytic poliomyelitis. Paralytic poliomyelitis,more commonly known as polio, was a particularly(5) devastating disease because of its effect on children.Many children stricken with polio became permanentlyconfined to wheelchairs or died at a very early age.It was during the summer of 1916 that Americansfirst realized that polio was a threatening and(10) deadly disease. As a virus, polio seemed to spreadmost quickly and easily during the summer months.Throughout that fateful summer, New York City expe-rienced a polio epidemic that killed 9,000 people andleft 27,000 paralyzed.(15) Even though polio was not a new disease, med-ical experts around the turn of the century were stilluncertain about how to prevent it. While it is difficultto determine polio’s first appearance in history, variousaccounts of lameness and paralysis suggest that polio(20) can be traced back to early Egypt. It was probablynot until 1908, when two Austrian physicians identi-fied the submicroscopic virus, that scientists began tohave an accurate understanding of the disease. Until1908, conditions such as overheating, chilling, and(25) even teething were thought to cause polio’s symptoms.Some scientists and doctors even believed that diseasessuch as whooping cough and pneumonia were the causeof polio.For many decades, polio research centered on(30) treating symptoms as well as developing a vaccineto prevent polio. There was no known cure for peo-ple already infected with polio, so doctors focused onmanaging the disease’s debilitating effects. Scientistsand doctors concentrated on making the polio patient(35) more comfortable and preventing fatalities. During the1920s, the iron lung became a common device usedto assist polio patients in breathing. When using theiron lung, patients would lie in a metal, human-sizedtank for long periods of time. Sometimes, polio patients(40) would have to continue this treatment their entire lives.Serum therapy was also attempted. During this type oftreatment, polio victims would receive doses of serumextracted from polio-recovered monkeys, humans, andeven horses. After nearly 20 years of research and trials,(45) serum therapy was finally abandoned and deemedunsuccessful.In the medical field, other debates occurredregarding the proper treatment of polio patients. Ini-tially, it was thought that diseased limbs should be(50) immobilized and even placed in casts. In addition,polio patients were prescribed complete bed rest. How-ever, other theories suggested that paralyzed armsand legs should be wrapped in hot compresses andexercised regularly to prevent muscular atrophy. This(55) latter approach soon became typical protocol becauseit seemed to relieve some pain and discomfort.During World War II, the effort to cure and preventpolio in the United States was stalled because medicalresearchers became more involved with military issues(60) and diseases overseas. However, at the end of the War,as numerous troops returned home and polio epidemicsonce again increased, attention was turned back to thisdreaded disease. Finally, a breakthrough occurred dur-ing the early 1950s when a medical researcher named(65) Jonas Salk developed an effective vaccine using thetissue culture method. Salk discovered that injectingelements of the dead polio virus into healthy patientswas effective, because vaccinated patients would buildantibodies against the dead virus. These acquired(70) antibodies prevented any future infection.Later, another medical researcher named AlbertSabin developed an even easier method of distributingthe vaccine. Sabin’s vaccine became known as the oralpolio vaccine. This innovation eliminated the use of(75) needles; the vaccine was administered by mouth. Chil-dren had no difficulty tolerating the vaccine becauseit was infiltrated into a sugar cube. By 1955, the Salkvaccination trials were deemed successful. The gov-ernment quickly established a program to administer(80) vaccines to everyone in the country. By the early 1960s,the oral Sabin vaccine replaced the Salk injections. TheSabin vaccine was a live, attenuated virus that providedlonger-lasting effects. By 1964, only 121 cases of poliowere reported. This was a dramatic decrease from the(85) 58,000 cases reported in 1952.While the scourge of polio is well under control inthe United States, it is still a dangerous disease world-wide. Polio is especially a threat in more remote andundeveloped countries. In addition, 500,000 Americans(90) continue to live with the effects of childhood polioinfections that began decades ago.Q.According to the information presented in the passage, what would likely have happened if the iron lung had not been invented?a)Some polio patients would have perished more quickly.b)Paralysis in children would have worsened.c)Patients would not have received proper bed rest.d)Muscular atrophy would not have been prevented.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? for ACT 2025 is part of ACT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the ACT exam syllabus. Information about Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageSOCIAL SCIENCE: A Cure for PolioIn the early twentieth century, no other diseasecaused as much fear and anxiety in the United Statesas paralytic poliomyelitis. Paralytic poliomyelitis,more commonly known as polio, was a particularly(5) devastating disease because of its effect on children.Many children stricken with polio became permanentlyconfined to wheelchairs or died at a very early age.It was during the summer of 1916 that Americansfirst realized that polio was a threatening and(10) deadly disease. As a virus, polio seemed to spreadmost quickly and easily during the summer months.Throughout that fateful summer, New York City expe-rienced a polio epidemic that killed 9,000 people andleft 27,000 paralyzed.(15) Even though polio was not a new disease, med-ical experts around the turn of the century were stilluncertain about how to prevent it. While it is difficultto determine polio’s first appearance in history, variousaccounts of lameness and paralysis suggest that polio(20) can be traced back to early Egypt. It was probablynot until 1908, when two Austrian physicians identi-fied the submicroscopic virus, that scientists began tohave an accurate understanding of the disease. Until1908, conditions such as overheating, chilling, and(25) even teething were thought to cause polio’s symptoms.Some scientists and doctors even believed that diseasessuch as whooping cough and pneumonia were the causeof polio.For many decades, polio research centered on(30) treating symptoms as well as developing a vaccineto prevent polio. There was no known cure for peo-ple already infected with polio, so doctors focused onmanaging the disease’s debilitating effects. Scientistsand doctors concentrated on making the polio patient(35) more comfortable and preventing fatalities. During the1920s, the iron lung became a common device usedto assist polio patients in breathing. When using theiron lung, patients would lie in a metal, human-sizedtank for long periods of time. Sometimes, polio patients(40) would have to continue this treatment their entire lives.Serum therapy was also attempted. During this type oftreatment, polio victims would receive doses of serumextracted from polio-recovered monkeys, humans, andeven horses. After nearly 20 years of research and trials,(45) serum therapy was finally abandoned and deemedunsuccessful.In the medical field, other debates occurredregarding the proper treatment of polio patients. Ini-tially, it was thought that diseased limbs should be(50) immobilized and even placed in casts. In addition,polio patients were prescribed complete bed rest. How-ever, other theories suggested that paralyzed armsand legs should be wrapped in hot compresses andexercised regularly to prevent muscular atrophy. This(55) latter approach soon became typical protocol becauseit seemed to relieve some pain and discomfort.During World War II, the effort to cure and preventpolio in the United States was stalled because medicalresearchers became more involved with military issues(60) and diseases overseas. However, at the end of the War,as numerous troops returned home and polio epidemicsonce again increased, attention was turned back to thisdreaded disease. Finally, a breakthrough occurred dur-ing the early 1950s when a medical researcher named(65) Jonas Salk developed an effective vaccine using thetissue culture method. Salk discovered that injectingelements of the dead polio virus into healthy patientswas effective, because vaccinated patients would buildantibodies against the dead virus. These acquired(70) antibodies prevented any future infection.Later, another medical researcher named AlbertSabin developed an even easier method of distributingthe vaccine. Sabin’s vaccine became known as the oralpolio vaccine. This innovation eliminated the use of(75) needles; the vaccine was administered by mouth. Chil-dren had no difficulty tolerating the vaccine becauseit was infiltrated into a sugar cube. By 1955, the Salkvaccination trials were deemed successful. The gov-ernment quickly established a program to administer(80) vaccines to everyone in the country. By the early 1960s,the oral Sabin vaccine replaced the Salk injections. TheSabin vaccine was a live, attenuated virus that providedlonger-lasting effects. By 1964, only 121 cases of poliowere reported. This was a dramatic decrease from the(85) 58,000 cases reported in 1952.While the scourge of polio is well under control inthe United States, it is still a dangerous disease world-wide. Polio is especially a threat in more remote andundeveloped countries. In addition, 500,000 Americans(90) continue to live with the effects of childhood polioinfections that began decades ago.Q.According to the information presented in the passage, what would likely have happened if the iron lung had not been invented?a)Some polio patients would have perished more quickly.b)Paralysis in children would have worsened.c)Patients would not have received proper bed rest.d)Muscular atrophy would not have been prevented.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for ACT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageSOCIAL SCIENCE: A Cure for PolioIn the early twentieth century, no other diseasecaused as much fear and anxiety in the United Statesas paralytic poliomyelitis. Paralytic poliomyelitis,more commonly known as polio, was a particularly(5) devastating disease because of its effect on children.Many children stricken with polio became permanentlyconfined to wheelchairs or died at a very early age.It was during the summer of 1916 that Americansfirst realized that polio was a threatening and(10) deadly disease. As a virus, polio seemed to spreadmost quickly and easily during the summer months.Throughout that fateful summer, New York City expe-rienced a polio epidemic that killed 9,000 people andleft 27,000 paralyzed.(15) Even though polio was not a new disease, med-ical experts around the turn of the century were stilluncertain about how to prevent it. While it is difficultto determine polio’s first appearance in history, variousaccounts of lameness and paralysis suggest that polio(20) can be traced back to early Egypt. It was probablynot until 1908, when two Austrian physicians identi-fied the submicroscopic virus, that scientists began tohave an accurate understanding of the disease. Until1908, conditions such as overheating, chilling, and(25) even teething were thought to cause polio’s symptoms.Some scientists and doctors even believed that diseasessuch as whooping cough and pneumonia were the causeof polio.For many decades, polio research centered on(30) treating symptoms as well as developing a vaccineto prevent polio. There was no known cure for peo-ple already infected with polio, so doctors focused onmanaging the disease’s debilitating effects. Scientistsand doctors concentrated on making the polio patient(35) more comfortable and preventing fatalities. During the1920s, the iron lung became a common device usedto assist polio patients in breathing. When using theiron lung, patients would lie in a metal, human-sizedtank for long periods of time. Sometimes, polio patients(40) would have to continue this treatment their entire lives.Serum therapy was also attempted. During this type oftreatment, polio victims would receive doses of serumextracted from polio-recovered monkeys, humans, andeven horses. After nearly 20 years of research and trials,(45) serum therapy was finally abandoned and deemedunsuccessful.In the medical field, other debates occurredregarding the proper treatment of polio patients. Ini-tially, it was thought that diseased limbs should be(50) immobilized and even placed in casts. In addition,polio patients were prescribed complete bed rest. How-ever, other theories suggested that paralyzed armsand legs should be wrapped in hot compresses andexercised regularly to prevent muscular atrophy. This(55) latter approach soon became typical protocol becauseit seemed to relieve some pain and discomfort.During World War II, the effort to cure and preventpolio in the United States was stalled because medicalresearchers became more involved with military issues(60) and diseases overseas. However, at the end of the War,as numerous troops returned home and polio epidemicsonce again increased, attention was turned back to thisdreaded disease. Finally, a breakthrough occurred dur-ing the early 1950s when a medical researcher named(65) Jonas Salk developed an effective vaccine using thetissue culture method. Salk discovered that injectingelements of the dead polio virus into healthy patientswas effective, because vaccinated patients would buildantibodies against the dead virus. These acquired(70) antibodies prevented any future infection.Later, another medical researcher named AlbertSabin developed an even easier method of distributingthe vaccine. Sabin’s vaccine became known as the oralpolio vaccine. This innovation eliminated the use of(75) needles; the vaccine was administered by mouth. Chil-dren had no difficulty tolerating the vaccine becauseit was infiltrated into a sugar cube. By 1955, the Salkvaccination trials were deemed successful. The gov-ernment quickly established a program to administer(80) vaccines to everyone in the country. By the early 1960s,the oral Sabin vaccine replaced the Salk injections. TheSabin vaccine was a live, attenuated virus that providedlonger-lasting effects. By 1964, only 121 cases of poliowere reported. This was a dramatic decrease from the(85) 58,000 cases reported in 1952.While the scourge of polio is well under control inthe United States, it is still a dangerous disease world-wide. Polio is especially a threat in more remote andundeveloped countries. In addition, 500,000 Americans(90) continue to live with the effects of childhood polioinfections that began decades ago.Q.According to the information presented in the passage, what would likely have happened if the iron lung had not been invented?a)Some polio patients would have perished more quickly.b)Paralysis in children would have worsened.c)Patients would not have received proper bed rest.d)Muscular atrophy would not have been prevented.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?.
Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageSOCIAL SCIENCE: A Cure for PolioIn the early twentieth century, no other diseasecaused as much fear and anxiety in the United Statesas paralytic poliomyelitis. Paralytic poliomyelitis,more commonly known as polio, was a particularly(5) devastating disease because of its effect on children.Many children stricken with polio became permanentlyconfined to wheelchairs or died at a very early age.It was during the summer of 1916 that Americansfirst realized that polio was a threatening and(10) deadly disease. As a virus, polio seemed to spreadmost quickly and easily during the summer months.Throughout that fateful summer, New York City expe-rienced a polio epidemic that killed 9,000 people andleft 27,000 paralyzed.(15) Even though polio was not a new disease, med-ical experts around the turn of the century were stilluncertain about how to prevent it. While it is difficultto determine polio’s first appearance in history, variousaccounts of lameness and paralysis suggest that polio(20) can be traced back to early Egypt. It was probablynot until 1908, when two Austrian physicians identi-fied the submicroscopic virus, that scientists began tohave an accurate understanding of the disease. Until1908, conditions such as overheating, chilling, and(25) even teething were thought to cause polio’s symptoms.Some scientists and doctors even believed that diseasessuch as whooping cough and pneumonia were the causeof polio.For many decades, polio research centered on(30) treating symptoms as well as developing a vaccineto prevent polio. There was no known cure for peo-ple already infected with polio, so doctors focused onmanaging the disease’s debilitating effects. Scientistsand doctors concentrated on making the polio patient(35) more comfortable and preventing fatalities. During the1920s, the iron lung became a common device usedto assist polio patients in breathing. When using theiron lung, patients would lie in a metal, human-sizedtank for long periods of time. Sometimes, polio patients(40) would have to continue this treatment their entire lives.Serum therapy was also attempted. During this type oftreatment, polio victims would receive doses of serumextracted from polio-recovered monkeys, humans, andeven horses. After nearly 20 years of research and trials,(45) serum therapy was finally abandoned and deemedunsuccessful.In the medical field, other debates occurredregarding the proper treatment of polio patients. Ini-tially, it was thought that diseased limbs should be(50) immobilized and even placed in casts. In addition,polio patients were prescribed complete bed rest. How-ever, other theories suggested that paralyzed armsand legs should be wrapped in hot compresses andexercised regularly to prevent muscular atrophy. This(55) latter approach soon became typical protocol becauseit seemed to relieve some pain and discomfort.During World War II, the effort to cure and preventpolio in the United States was stalled because medicalresearchers became more involved with military issues(60) and diseases overseas. However, at the end of the War,as numerous troops returned home and polio epidemicsonce again increased, attention was turned back to thisdreaded disease. Finally, a breakthrough occurred dur-ing the early 1950s when a medical researcher named(65) Jonas Salk developed an effective vaccine using thetissue culture method. Salk discovered that injectingelements of the dead polio virus into healthy patientswas effective, because vaccinated patients would buildantibodies against the dead virus. These acquired(70) antibodies prevented any future infection.Later, another medical researcher named AlbertSabin developed an even easier method of distributingthe vaccine. Sabin’s vaccine became known as the oralpolio vaccine. This innovation eliminated the use of(75) needles; the vaccine was administered by mouth. Chil-dren had no difficulty tolerating the vaccine becauseit was infiltrated into a sugar cube. By 1955, the Salkvaccination trials were deemed successful. The gov-ernment quickly established a program to administer(80) vaccines to everyone in the country. By the early 1960s,the oral Sabin vaccine replaced the Salk injections. TheSabin vaccine was a live, attenuated virus that providedlonger-lasting effects. By 1964, only 121 cases of poliowere reported. This was a dramatic decrease from the(85) 58,000 cases reported in 1952.While the scourge of polio is well under control inthe United States, it is still a dangerous disease world-wide. Polio is especially a threat in more remote andundeveloped countries. In addition, 500,000 Americans(90) continue to live with the effects of childhood polioinfections that began decades ago.Q.According to the information presented in the passage, what would likely have happened if the iron lung had not been invented?a)Some polio patients would have perished more quickly.b)Paralysis in children would have worsened.c)Patients would not have received proper bed rest.d)Muscular atrophy would not have been prevented.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? for ACT 2025 is part of ACT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the ACT exam syllabus. Information about Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageSOCIAL SCIENCE: A Cure for PolioIn the early twentieth century, no other diseasecaused as much fear and anxiety in the United Statesas paralytic poliomyelitis. Paralytic poliomyelitis,more commonly known as polio, was a particularly(5) devastating disease because of its effect on children.Many children stricken with polio became permanentlyconfined to wheelchairs or died at a very early age.It was during the summer of 1916 that Americansfirst realized that polio was a threatening and(10) deadly disease. As a virus, polio seemed to spreadmost quickly and easily during the summer months.Throughout that fateful summer, New York City expe-rienced a polio epidemic that killed 9,000 people andleft 27,000 paralyzed.(15) Even though polio was not a new disease, med-ical experts around the turn of the century were stilluncertain about how to prevent it. While it is difficultto determine polio’s first appearance in history, variousaccounts of lameness and paralysis suggest that polio(20) can be traced back to early Egypt. It was probablynot until 1908, when two Austrian physicians identi-fied the submicroscopic virus, that scientists began tohave an accurate understanding of the disease. Until1908, conditions such as overheating, chilling, and(25) even teething were thought to cause polio’s symptoms.Some scientists and doctors even believed that diseasessuch as whooping cough and pneumonia were the causeof polio.For many decades, polio research centered on(30) treating symptoms as well as developing a vaccineto prevent polio. There was no known cure for peo-ple already infected with polio, so doctors focused onmanaging the disease’s debilitating effects. Scientistsand doctors concentrated on making the polio patient(35) more comfortable and preventing fatalities. During the1920s, the iron lung became a common device usedto assist polio patients in breathing. When using theiron lung, patients would lie in a metal, human-sizedtank for long periods of time. Sometimes, polio patients(40) would have to continue this treatment their entire lives.Serum therapy was also attempted. During this type oftreatment, polio victims would receive doses of serumextracted from polio-recovered monkeys, humans, andeven horses. After nearly 20 years of research and trials,(45) serum therapy was finally abandoned and deemedunsuccessful.In the medical field, other debates occurredregarding the proper treatment of polio patients. Ini-tially, it was thought that diseased limbs should be(50) immobilized and even placed in casts. In addition,polio patients were prescribed complete bed rest. How-ever, other theories suggested that paralyzed armsand legs should be wrapped in hot compresses andexercised regularly to prevent muscular atrophy. This(55) latter approach soon became typical protocol becauseit seemed to relieve some pain and discomfort.During World War II, the effort to cure and preventpolio in the United States was stalled because medicalresearchers became more involved with military issues(60) and diseases overseas. However, at the end of the War,as numerous troops returned home and polio epidemicsonce again increased, attention was turned back to thisdreaded disease. Finally, a breakthrough occurred dur-ing the early 1950s when a medical researcher named(65) Jonas Salk developed an effective vaccine using thetissue culture method. Salk discovered that injectingelements of the dead polio virus into healthy patientswas effective, because vaccinated patients would buildantibodies against the dead virus. These acquired(70) antibodies prevented any future infection.Later, another medical researcher named AlbertSabin developed an even easier method of distributingthe vaccine. Sabin’s vaccine became known as the oralpolio vaccine. This innovation eliminated the use of(75) needles; the vaccine was administered by mouth. Chil-dren had no difficulty tolerating the vaccine becauseit was infiltrated into a sugar cube. By 1955, the Salkvaccination trials were deemed successful. The gov-ernment quickly established a program to administer(80) vaccines to everyone in the country. By the early 1960s,the oral Sabin vaccine replaced the Salk injections. TheSabin vaccine was a live, attenuated virus that providedlonger-lasting effects. By 1964, only 121 cases of poliowere reported. This was a dramatic decrease from the(85) 58,000 cases reported in 1952.While the scourge of polio is well under control inthe United States, it is still a dangerous disease world-wide. Polio is especially a threat in more remote andundeveloped countries. In addition, 500,000 Americans(90) continue to live with the effects of childhood polioinfections that began decades ago.Q.According to the information presented in the passage, what would likely have happened if the iron lung had not been invented?a)Some polio patients would have perished more quickly.b)Paralysis in children would have worsened.c)Patients would not have received proper bed rest.d)Muscular atrophy would not have been prevented.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for ACT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageSOCIAL SCIENCE: A Cure for PolioIn the early twentieth century, no other diseasecaused as much fear and anxiety in the United Statesas paralytic poliomyelitis. Paralytic poliomyelitis,more commonly known as polio, was a particularly(5) devastating disease because of its effect on children.Many children stricken with polio became permanentlyconfined to wheelchairs or died at a very early age.It was during the summer of 1916 that Americansfirst realized that polio was a threatening and(10) deadly disease. As a virus, polio seemed to spreadmost quickly and easily during the summer months.Throughout that fateful summer, New York City expe-rienced a polio epidemic that killed 9,000 people andleft 27,000 paralyzed.(15) Even though polio was not a new disease, med-ical experts around the turn of the century were stilluncertain about how to prevent it. While it is difficultto determine polio’s first appearance in history, variousaccounts of lameness and paralysis suggest that polio(20) can be traced back to early Egypt. It was probablynot until 1908, when two Austrian physicians identi-fied the submicroscopic virus, that scientists began tohave an accurate understanding of the disease. Until1908, conditions such as overheating, chilling, and(25) even teething were thought to cause polio’s symptoms.Some scientists and doctors even believed that diseasessuch as whooping cough and pneumonia were the causeof polio.For many decades, polio research centered on(30) treating symptoms as well as developing a vaccineto prevent polio. There was no known cure for peo-ple already infected with polio, so doctors focused onmanaging the disease’s debilitating effects. Scientistsand doctors concentrated on making the polio patient(35) more comfortable and preventing fatalities. During the1920s, the iron lung became a common device usedto assist polio patients in breathing. When using theiron lung, patients would lie in a metal, human-sizedtank for long periods of time. Sometimes, polio patients(40) would have to continue this treatment their entire lives.Serum therapy was also attempted. During this type oftreatment, polio victims would receive doses of serumextracted from polio-recovered monkeys, humans, andeven horses. After nearly 20 years of research and trials,(45) serum therapy was finally abandoned and deemedunsuccessful.In the medical field, other debates occurredregarding the proper treatment of polio patients. Ini-tially, it was thought that diseased limbs should be(50) immobilized and even placed in casts. In addition,polio patients were prescribed complete bed rest. How-ever, other theories suggested that paralyzed armsand legs should be wrapped in hot compresses andexercised regularly to prevent muscular atrophy. This(55) latter approach soon became typical protocol becauseit seemed to relieve some pain and discomfort.During World War II, the effort to cure and preventpolio in the United States was stalled because medicalresearchers became more involved with military issues(60) and diseases overseas. However, at the end of the War,as numerous troops returned home and polio epidemicsonce again increased, attention was turned back to thisdreaded disease. Finally, a breakthrough occurred dur-ing the early 1950s when a medical researcher named(65) Jonas Salk developed an effective vaccine using thetissue culture method. Salk discovered that injectingelements of the dead polio virus into healthy patientswas effective, because vaccinated patients would buildantibodies against the dead virus. These acquired(70) antibodies prevented any future infection.Later, another medical researcher named AlbertSabin developed an even easier method of distributingthe vaccine. Sabin’s vaccine became known as the oralpolio vaccine. This innovation eliminated the use of(75) needles; the vaccine was administered by mouth. Chil-dren had no difficulty tolerating the vaccine becauseit was infiltrated into a sugar cube. By 1955, the Salkvaccination trials were deemed successful. The gov-ernment quickly established a program to administer(80) vaccines to everyone in the country. By the early 1960s,the oral Sabin vaccine replaced the Salk injections. TheSabin vaccine was a live, attenuated virus that providedlonger-lasting effects. By 1964, only 121 cases of poliowere reported. This was a dramatic decrease from the(85) 58,000 cases reported in 1952.While the scourge of polio is well under control inthe United States, it is still a dangerous disease world-wide. Polio is especially a threat in more remote andundeveloped countries. In addition, 500,000 Americans(90) continue to live with the effects of childhood polioinfections that began decades ago.Q.According to the information presented in the passage, what would likely have happened if the iron lung had not been invented?a)Some polio patients would have perished more quickly.b)Paralysis in children would have worsened.c)Patients would not have received proper bed rest.d)Muscular atrophy would not have been prevented.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?.
Solutions for Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageSOCIAL SCIENCE: A Cure for PolioIn the early twentieth century, no other diseasecaused as much fear and anxiety in the United Statesas paralytic poliomyelitis. Paralytic poliomyelitis,more commonly known as polio, was a particularly(5) devastating disease because of its effect on children.Many children stricken with polio became permanentlyconfined to wheelchairs or died at a very early age.It was during the summer of 1916 that Americansfirst realized that polio was a threatening and(10) deadly disease. As a virus, polio seemed to spreadmost quickly and easily during the summer months.Throughout that fateful summer, New York City expe-rienced a polio epidemic that killed 9,000 people andleft 27,000 paralyzed.(15) Even though polio was not a new disease, med-ical experts around the turn of the century were stilluncertain about how to prevent it. While it is difficultto determine polio’s first appearance in history, variousaccounts of lameness and paralysis suggest that polio(20) can be traced back to early Egypt. It was probablynot until 1908, when two Austrian physicians identi-fied the submicroscopic virus, that scientists began tohave an accurate understanding of the disease. Until1908, conditions such as overheating, chilling, and(25) even teething were thought to cause polio’s symptoms.Some scientists and doctors even believed that diseasessuch as whooping cough and pneumonia were the causeof polio.For many decades, polio research centered on(30) treating symptoms as well as developing a vaccineto prevent polio. There was no known cure for peo-ple already infected with polio, so doctors focused onmanaging the disease’s debilitating effects. Scientistsand doctors concentrated on making the polio patient(35) more comfortable and preventing fatalities. During the1920s, the iron lung became a common device usedto assist polio patients in breathing. When using theiron lung, patients would lie in a metal, human-sizedtank for long periods of time. Sometimes, polio patients(40) would have to continue this treatment their entire lives.Serum therapy was also attempted. During this type oftreatment, polio victims would receive doses of serumextracted from polio-recovered monkeys, humans, andeven horses. After nearly 20 years of research and trials,(45) serum therapy was finally abandoned and deemedunsuccessful.In the medical field, other debates occurredregarding the proper treatment of polio patients. Ini-tially, it was thought that diseased limbs should be(50) immobilized and even placed in casts. In addition,polio patients were prescribed complete bed rest. How-ever, other theories suggested that paralyzed armsand legs should be wrapped in hot compresses andexercised regularly to prevent muscular atrophy. This(55) latter approach soon became typical protocol becauseit seemed to relieve some pain and discomfort.During World War II, the effort to cure and preventpolio in the United States was stalled because medicalresearchers became more involved with military issues(60) and diseases overseas. However, at the end of the War,as numerous troops returned home and polio epidemicsonce again increased, attention was turned back to thisdreaded disease. Finally, a breakthrough occurred dur-ing the early 1950s when a medical researcher named(65) Jonas Salk developed an effective vaccine using thetissue culture method. Salk discovered that injectingelements of the dead polio virus into healthy patientswas effective, because vaccinated patients would buildantibodies against the dead virus. These acquired(70) antibodies prevented any future infection.Later, another medical researcher named AlbertSabin developed an even easier method of distributingthe vaccine. Sabin’s vaccine became known as the oralpolio vaccine. This innovation eliminated the use of(75) needles; the vaccine was administered by mouth. Chil-dren had no difficulty tolerating the vaccine becauseit was infiltrated into a sugar cube. By 1955, the Salkvaccination trials were deemed successful. The gov-ernment quickly established a program to administer(80) vaccines to everyone in the country. By the early 1960s,the oral Sabin vaccine replaced the Salk injections. TheSabin vaccine was a live, attenuated virus that providedlonger-lasting effects. By 1964, only 121 cases of poliowere reported. This was a dramatic decrease from the(85) 58,000 cases reported in 1952.While the scourge of polio is well under control inthe United States, it is still a dangerous disease world-wide. Polio is especially a threat in more remote andundeveloped countries. In addition, 500,000 Americans(90) continue to live with the effects of childhood polioinfections that began decades ago.Q.According to the information presented in the passage, what would likely have happened if the iron lung had not been invented?a)Some polio patients would have perished more quickly.b)Paralysis in children would have worsened.c)Patients would not have received proper bed rest.d)Muscular atrophy would not have been prevented.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for ACT.
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Here you can find the meaning of Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageSOCIAL SCIENCE: A Cure for PolioIn the early twentieth century, no other diseasecaused as much fear and anxiety in the United Statesas paralytic poliomyelitis. Paralytic poliomyelitis,more commonly known as polio, was a particularly(5) devastating disease because of its effect on children.Many children stricken with polio became permanentlyconfined to wheelchairs or died at a very early age.It was during the summer of 1916 that Americansfirst realized that polio was a threatening and(10) deadly disease. As a virus, polio seemed to spreadmost quickly and easily during the summer months.Throughout that fateful summer, New York City expe-rienced a polio epidemic that killed 9,000 people andleft 27,000 paralyzed.(15) Even though polio was not a new disease, med-ical experts around the turn of the century were stilluncertain about how to prevent it. While it is difficultto determine polio’s first appearance in history, variousaccounts of lameness and paralysis suggest that polio(20) can be traced back to early Egypt. It was probablynot until 1908, when two Austrian physicians identi-fied the submicroscopic virus, that scientists began tohave an accurate understanding of the disease. Until1908, conditions such as overheating, chilling, and(25) even teething were thought to cause polio’s symptoms.Some scientists and doctors even believed that diseasessuch as whooping cough and pneumonia were the causeof polio.For many decades, polio research centered on(30) treating symptoms as well as developing a vaccineto prevent polio. There was no known cure for peo-ple already infected with polio, so doctors focused onmanaging the disease’s debilitating effects. Scientistsand doctors concentrated on making the polio patient(35) more comfortable and preventing fatalities. During the1920s, the iron lung became a common device usedto assist polio patients in breathing. When using theiron lung, patients would lie in a metal, human-sizedtank for long periods of time. Sometimes, polio patients(40) would have to continue this treatment their entire lives.Serum therapy was also attempted. During this type oftreatment, polio victims would receive doses of serumextracted from polio-recovered monkeys, humans, andeven horses. After nearly 20 years of research and trials,(45) serum therapy was finally abandoned and deemedunsuccessful.In the medical field, other debates occurredregarding the proper treatment of polio patients. Ini-tially, it was thought that diseased limbs should be(50) immobilized and even placed in casts. In addition,polio patients were prescribed complete bed rest. How-ever, other theories suggested that paralyzed armsand legs should be wrapped in hot compresses andexercised regularly to prevent muscular atrophy. This(55) latter approach soon became typical protocol becauseit seemed to relieve some pain and discomfort.During World War II, the effort to cure and preventpolio in the United States was stalled because medicalresearchers became more involved with military issues(60) and diseases overseas. However, at the end of the War,as numerous troops returned home and polio epidemicsonce again increased, attention was turned back to thisdreaded disease. Finally, a breakthrough occurred dur-ing the early 1950s when a medical researcher named(65) Jonas Salk developed an effective vaccine using thetissue culture method. Salk discovered that injectingelements of the dead polio virus into healthy patientswas effective, because vaccinated patients would buildantibodies against the dead virus. These acquired(70) antibodies prevented any future infection.Later, another medical researcher named AlbertSabin developed an even easier method of distributingthe vaccine. Sabin’s vaccine became known as the oralpolio vaccine. This innovation eliminated the use of(75) needles; the vaccine was administered by mouth. Chil-dren had no difficulty tolerating the vaccine becauseit was infiltrated into a sugar cube. By 1955, the Salkvaccination trials were deemed successful. The gov-ernment quickly established a program to administer(80) vaccines to everyone in the country. By the early 1960s,the oral Sabin vaccine replaced the Salk injections. TheSabin vaccine was a live, attenuated virus that providedlonger-lasting effects. By 1964, only 121 cases of poliowere reported. This was a dramatic decrease from the(85) 58,000 cases reported in 1952.While the scourge of polio is well under control inthe United States, it is still a dangerous disease world-wide. Polio is especially a threat in more remote andundeveloped countries. In addition, 500,000 Americans(90) continue to live with the effects of childhood polioinfections that began decades ago.Q.According to the information presented in the passage, what would likely have happened if the iron lung had not been invented?a)Some polio patients would have perished more quickly.b)Paralysis in children would have worsened.c)Patients would not have received proper bed rest.d)Muscular atrophy would not have been prevented.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of
Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageSOCIAL SCIENCE: A Cure for PolioIn the early twentieth century, no other diseasecaused as much fear and anxiety in the United Statesas paralytic poliomyelitis. Paralytic poliomyelitis,more commonly known as polio, was a particularly(5) devastating disease because of its effect on children.Many children stricken with polio became permanentlyconfined to wheelchairs or died at a very early age.It was during the summer of 1916 that Americansfirst realized that polio was a threatening and(10) deadly disease. As a virus, polio seemed to spreadmost quickly and easily during the summer months.Throughout that fateful summer, New York City expe-rienced a polio epidemic that killed 9,000 people andleft 27,000 paralyzed.(15) Even though polio was not a new disease, med-ical experts around the turn of the century were stilluncertain about how to prevent it. While it is difficultto determine polio’s first appearance in history, variousaccounts of lameness and paralysis suggest that polio(20) can be traced back to early Egypt. It was probablynot until 1908, when two Austrian physicians identi-fied the submicroscopic virus, that scientists began tohave an accurate understanding of the disease. Until1908, conditions such as overheating, chilling, and(25) even teething were thought to cause polio’s symptoms.Some scientists and doctors even believed that diseasessuch as whooping cough and pneumonia were the causeof polio.For many decades, polio research centered on(30) treating symptoms as well as developing a vaccineto prevent polio. There was no known cure for peo-ple already infected with polio, so doctors focused onmanaging the disease’s debilitating effects. Scientistsand doctors concentrated on making the polio patient(35) more comfortable and preventing fatalities. During the1920s, the iron lung became a common device usedto assist polio patients in breathing. When using theiron lung, patients would lie in a metal, human-sizedtank for long periods of time. Sometimes, polio patients(40) would have to continue this treatment their entire lives.Serum therapy was also attempted. During this type oftreatment, polio victims would receive doses of serumextracted from polio-recovered monkeys, humans, andeven horses. After nearly 20 years of research and trials,(45) serum therapy was finally abandoned and deemedunsuccessful.In the medical field, other debates occurredregarding the proper treatment of polio patients. Ini-tially, it was thought that diseased limbs should be(50) immobilized and even placed in casts. In addition,polio patients were prescribed complete bed rest. How-ever, other theories suggested that paralyzed armsand legs should be wrapped in hot compresses andexercised regularly to prevent muscular atrophy. This(55) latter approach soon became typical protocol becauseit seemed to relieve some pain and discomfort.During World War II, the effort to cure and preventpolio in the United States was stalled because medicalresearchers became more involved with military issues(60) and diseases overseas. However, at the end of the War,as numerous troops returned home and polio epidemicsonce again increased, attention was turned back to thisdreaded disease. Finally, a breakthrough occurred dur-ing the early 1950s when a medical researcher named(65) Jonas Salk developed an effective vaccine using thetissue culture method. Salk discovered that injectingelements of the dead polio virus into healthy patientswas effective, because vaccinated patients would buildantibodies against the dead virus. These acquired(70) antibodies prevented any future infection.Later, another medical researcher named AlbertSabin developed an even easier method of distributingthe vaccine. Sabin’s vaccine became known as the oralpolio vaccine. This innovation eliminated the use of(75) needles; the vaccine was administered by mouth. Chil-dren had no difficulty tolerating the vaccine becauseit was infiltrated into a sugar cube. By 1955, the Salkvaccination trials were deemed successful. The gov-ernment quickly established a program to administer(80) vaccines to everyone in the country. By the early 1960s,the oral Sabin vaccine replaced the Salk injections. TheSabin vaccine was a live, attenuated virus that providedlonger-lasting effects. By 1964, only 121 cases of poliowere reported. This was a dramatic decrease from the(85) 58,000 cases reported in 1952.While the scourge of polio is well under control inthe United States, it is still a dangerous disease world-wide. Polio is especially a threat in more remote andundeveloped countries. In addition, 500,000 Americans(90) continue to live with the effects of childhood polioinfections that began decades ago.Q.According to the information presented in the passage, what would likely have happened if the iron lung had not been invented?a)Some polio patients would have perished more quickly.b)Paralysis in children would have worsened.c)Patients would not have received proper bed rest.d)Muscular atrophy would not have been prevented.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageSOCIAL SCIENCE: A Cure for PolioIn the early twentieth century, no other diseasecaused as much fear and anxiety in the United Statesas paralytic poliomyelitis. Paralytic poliomyelitis,more commonly known as polio, was a particularly(5) devastating disease because of its effect on children.Many children stricken with polio became permanentlyconfined to wheelchairs or died at a very early age.It was during the summer of 1916 that Americansfirst realized that polio was a threatening and(10) deadly disease. As a virus, polio seemed to spreadmost quickly and easily during the summer months.Throughout that fateful summer, New York City expe-rienced a polio epidemic that killed 9,000 people andleft 27,000 paralyzed.(15) Even though polio was not a new disease, med-ical experts around the turn of the century were stilluncertain about how to prevent it. While it is difficultto determine polio’s first appearance in history, variousaccounts of lameness and paralysis suggest that polio(20) can be traced back to early Egypt. It was probablynot until 1908, when two Austrian physicians identi-fied the submicroscopic virus, that scientists began tohave an accurate understanding of the disease. Until1908, conditions such as overheating, chilling, and(25) even teething were thought to cause polio’s symptoms.Some scientists and doctors even believed that diseasessuch as whooping cough and pneumonia were the causeof polio.For many decades, polio research centered on(30) treating symptoms as well as developing a vaccineto prevent polio. There was no known cure for peo-ple already infected with polio, so doctors focused onmanaging the disease’s debilitating effects. Scientistsand doctors concentrated on making the polio patient(35) more comfortable and preventing fatalities. During the1920s, the iron lung became a common device usedto assist polio patients in breathing. When using theiron lung, patients would lie in a metal, human-sizedtank for long periods of time. Sometimes, polio patients(40) would have to continue this treatment their entire lives.Serum therapy was also attempted. During this type oftreatment, polio victims would receive doses of serumextracted from polio-recovered monkeys, humans, andeven horses. After nearly 20 years of research and trials,(45) serum therapy was finally abandoned and deemedunsuccessful.In the medical field, other debates occurredregarding the proper treatment of polio patients. Ini-tially, it was thought that diseased limbs should be(50) immobilized and even placed in casts. In addition,polio patients were prescribed complete bed rest. How-ever, other theories suggested that paralyzed armsand legs should be wrapped in hot compresses andexercised regularly to prevent muscular atrophy. This(55) latter approach soon became typical protocol becauseit seemed to relieve some pain and discomfort.During World War II, the effort to cure and preventpolio in the United States was stalled because medicalresearchers became more involved with military issues(60) and diseases overseas. However, at the end of the War,as numerous troops returned home and polio epidemicsonce again increased, attention was turned back to thisdreaded disease. Finally, a breakthrough occurred dur-ing the early 1950s when a medical researcher named(65) Jonas Salk developed an effective vaccine using thetissue culture method. Salk discovered that injectingelements of the dead polio virus into healthy patientswas effective, because vaccinated patients would buildantibodies against the dead virus. These acquired(70) antibodies prevented any future infection.Later, another medical researcher named AlbertSabin developed an even easier method of distributingthe vaccine. Sabin’s vaccine became known as the oralpolio vaccine. This innovation eliminated the use of(75) needles; the vaccine was administered by mouth. Chil-dren had no difficulty tolerating the vaccine becauseit was infiltrated into a sugar cube. By 1955, the Salkvaccination trials were deemed successful. The gov-ernment quickly established a program to administer(80) vaccines to everyone in the country. By the early 1960s,the oral Sabin vaccine replaced the Salk injections. TheSabin vaccine was a live, attenuated virus that providedlonger-lasting effects. By 1964, only 121 cases of poliowere reported. This was a dramatic decrease from the(85) 58,000 cases reported in 1952.While the scourge of polio is well under control inthe United States, it is still a dangerous disease world-wide. Polio is especially a threat in more remote andundeveloped countries. In addition, 500,000 Americans(90) continue to live with the effects of childhood polioinfections that began decades ago.Q.According to the information presented in the passage, what would likely have happened if the iron lung had not been invented?a)Some polio patients would have perished more quickly.b)Paralysis in children would have worsened.c)Patients would not have received proper bed rest.d)Muscular atrophy would not have been prevented.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageSOCIAL SCIENCE: A Cure for PolioIn the early twentieth century, no other diseasecaused as much fear and anxiety in the United Statesas paralytic poliomyelitis. Paralytic poliomyelitis,more commonly known as polio, was a particularly(5) devastating disease because of its effect on children.Many children stricken with polio became permanentlyconfined to wheelchairs or died at a very early age.It was during the summer of 1916 that Americansfirst realized that polio was a threatening and(10) deadly disease. As a virus, polio seemed to spreadmost quickly and easily during the summer months.Throughout that fateful summer, New York City expe-rienced a polio epidemic that killed 9,000 people andleft 27,000 paralyzed.(15) Even though polio was not a new disease, med-ical experts around the turn of the century were stilluncertain about how to prevent it. While it is difficultto determine polio’s first appearance in history, variousaccounts of lameness and paralysis suggest that polio(20) can be traced back to early Egypt. It was probablynot until 1908, when two Austrian physicians identi-fied the submicroscopic virus, that scientists began tohave an accurate understanding of the disease. Until1908, conditions such as overheating, chilling, and(25) even teething were thought to cause polio’s symptoms.Some scientists and doctors even believed that diseasessuch as whooping cough and pneumonia were the causeof polio.For many decades, polio research centered on(30) treating symptoms as well as developing a vaccineto prevent polio. There was no known cure for peo-ple already infected with polio, so doctors focused onmanaging the disease’s debilitating effects. Scientistsand doctors concentrated on making the polio patient(35) more comfortable and preventing fatalities. During the1920s, the iron lung became a common device usedto assist polio patients in breathing. When using theiron lung, patients would lie in a metal, human-sizedtank for long periods of time. Sometimes, polio patients(40) would have to continue this treatment their entire lives.Serum therapy was also attempted. During this type oftreatment, polio victims would receive doses of serumextracted from polio-recovered monkeys, humans, andeven horses. After nearly 20 years of research and trials,(45) serum therapy was finally abandoned and deemedunsuccessful.In the medical field, other debates occurredregarding the proper treatment of polio patients. Ini-tially, it was thought that diseased limbs should be(50) immobilized and even placed in casts. In addition,polio patients were prescribed complete bed rest. How-ever, other theories suggested that paralyzed armsand legs should be wrapped in hot compresses andexercised regularly to prevent muscular atrophy. This(55) latter approach soon became typical protocol becauseit seemed to relieve some pain and discomfort.During World War II, the effort to cure and preventpolio in the United States was stalled because medicalresearchers became more involved with military issues(60) and diseases overseas. However, at the end of the War,as numerous troops returned home and polio epidemicsonce again increased, attention was turned back to thisdreaded disease. Finally, a breakthrough occurred dur-ing the early 1950s when a medical researcher named(65) Jonas Salk developed an effective vaccine using thetissue culture method. Salk discovered that injectingelements of the dead polio virus into healthy patientswas effective, because vaccinated patients would buildantibodies against the dead virus. These acquired(70) antibodies prevented any future infection.Later, another medical researcher named AlbertSabin developed an even easier method of distributingthe vaccine. Sabin’s vaccine became known as the oralpolio vaccine. This innovation eliminated the use of(75) needles; the vaccine was administered by mouth. Chil-dren had no difficulty tolerating the vaccine becauseit was infiltrated into a sugar cube. By 1955, the Salkvaccination trials were deemed successful. The gov-ernment quickly established a program to administer(80) vaccines to everyone in the country. By the early 1960s,the oral Sabin vaccine replaced the Salk injections. TheSabin vaccine was a live, attenuated virus that providedlonger-lasting effects. By 1964, only 121 cases of poliowere reported. This was a dramatic decrease from the(85) 58,000 cases reported in 1952.While the scourge of polio is well under control inthe United States, it is still a dangerous disease world-wide. Polio is especially a threat in more remote andundeveloped countries. In addition, 500,000 Americans(90) continue to live with the effects of childhood polioinfections that began decades ago.Q.According to the information presented in the passage, what would likely have happened if the iron lung had not been invented?a)Some polio patients would have perished more quickly.b)Paralysis in children would have worsened.c)Patients would not have received proper bed rest.d)Muscular atrophy would not have been prevented.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an
ample number of questions to practice Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageSOCIAL SCIENCE: A Cure for PolioIn the early twentieth century, no other diseasecaused as much fear and anxiety in the United Statesas paralytic poliomyelitis. Paralytic poliomyelitis,more commonly known as polio, was a particularly(5) devastating disease because of its effect on children.Many children stricken with polio became permanentlyconfined to wheelchairs or died at a very early age.It was during the summer of 1916 that Americansfirst realized that polio was a threatening and(10) deadly disease. As a virus, polio seemed to spreadmost quickly and easily during the summer months.Throughout that fateful summer, New York City expe-rienced a polio epidemic that killed 9,000 people andleft 27,000 paralyzed.(15) Even though polio was not a new disease, med-ical experts around the turn of the century were stilluncertain about how to prevent it. While it is difficultto determine polio’s first appearance in history, variousaccounts of lameness and paralysis suggest that polio(20) can be traced back to early Egypt. It was probablynot until 1908, when two Austrian physicians identi-fied the submicroscopic virus, that scientists began tohave an accurate understanding of the disease. Until1908, conditions such as overheating, chilling, and(25) even teething were thought to cause polio’s symptoms.Some scientists and doctors even believed that diseasessuch as whooping cough and pneumonia were the causeof polio.For many decades, polio research centered on(30) treating symptoms as well as developing a vaccineto prevent polio. There was no known cure for peo-ple already infected with polio, so doctors focused onmanaging the disease’s debilitating effects. Scientistsand doctors concentrated on making the polio patient(35) more comfortable and preventing fatalities. During the1920s, the iron lung became a common device usedto assist polio patients in breathing. When using theiron lung, patients would lie in a metal, human-sizedtank for long periods of time. Sometimes, polio patients(40) would have to continue this treatment their entire lives.Serum therapy was also attempted. During this type oftreatment, polio victims would receive doses of serumextracted from polio-recovered monkeys, humans, andeven horses. After nearly 20 years of research and trials,(45) serum therapy was finally abandoned and deemedunsuccessful.In the medical field, other debates occurredregarding the proper treatment of polio patients. Ini-tially, it was thought that diseased limbs should be(50) immobilized and even placed in casts. In addition,polio patients were prescribed complete bed rest. How-ever, other theories suggested that paralyzed armsand legs should be wrapped in hot compresses andexercised regularly to prevent muscular atrophy. This(55) latter approach soon became typical protocol becauseit seemed to relieve some pain and discomfort.During World War II, the effort to cure and preventpolio in the United States was stalled because medicalresearchers became more involved with military issues(60) and diseases overseas. However, at the end of the War,as numerous troops returned home and polio epidemicsonce again increased, attention was turned back to thisdreaded disease. Finally, a breakthrough occurred dur-ing the early 1950s when a medical researcher named(65) Jonas Salk developed an effective vaccine using thetissue culture method. Salk discovered that injectingelements of the dead polio virus into healthy patientswas effective, because vaccinated patients would buildantibodies against the dead virus. These acquired(70) antibodies prevented any future infection.Later, another medical researcher named AlbertSabin developed an even easier method of distributingthe vaccine. Sabin’s vaccine became known as the oralpolio vaccine. This innovation eliminated the use of(75) needles; the vaccine was administered by mouth. Chil-dren had no difficulty tolerating the vaccine becauseit was infiltrated into a sugar cube. By 1955, the Salkvaccination trials were deemed successful. The gov-ernment quickly established a program to administer(80) vaccines to everyone in the country. By the early 1960s,the oral Sabin vaccine replaced the Salk injections. TheSabin vaccine was a live, attenuated virus that providedlonger-lasting effects. By 1964, only 121 cases of poliowere reported. This was a dramatic decrease from the(85) 58,000 cases reported in 1952.While the scourge of polio is well under control inthe United States, it is still a dangerous disease world-wide. Polio is especially a threat in more remote andundeveloped countries. In addition, 500,000 Americans(90) continue to live with the effects of childhood polioinfections that began decades ago.Q.According to the information presented in the passage, what would likely have happened if the iron lung had not been invented?a)Some polio patients would have perished more quickly.b)Paralysis in children would have worsened.c)Patients would not have received proper bed rest.d)Muscular atrophy would not have been prevented.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice ACT tests.
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