Abundance of factors of production determines a country's specialization in international trade according to the Heckscher-Ohlin model. The model is based on the concept of comparative advantage, which suggests that countries specialize in producing and exporting goods that utilize their abundant factors of production.

The Heckscher-Ohlin model proposes that factors of production can be categorized into two main types: labor and capital. Labor refers to the human work force available in a country, while capital refers to the physical and financial resources used in production. These factors can vary in their abundance across different countries.

The model argues that a country will specialize in producing and exporting goods that require the abundant factor of production in that country. For example, if a country has an abundance of labor relative to capital, it will specialize in labor-intensive goods and export these products. On the other hand, if a country has an abundance of capital relative to labor, it will specialize in capital-intensive goods and export these products.

This specialization occurs because countries can produce goods more efficiently and at lower costs when they utilize their abundant factor of production. By specializing in the production of specific goods, countries can take advantage of economies of scale, improve productivity, and ultimately increase their overall output and economic welfare.

Additionally, the Heckscher-Ohlin model suggests that countries will import goods that require the factor of production in which they are relatively scarce. This allows countries to access goods that they cannot produce efficiently themselves. Through international trade, countries can benefit from the specialization and comparative advantage of other nations, leading to higher overall global welfare.

In conclusion, the Heckscher-Ohlin model states that a country's specialization in international trade is determined by the abundance of factors of production. This factor determines the comparative advantage of a country and influences its pattern of trade by determining the types of goods a country will produce and export.