Protein Synthesis in Prokaryotic Cells
Protein synthesis in prokaryotic cells primarily occurs in the ribosomes. Here is an explanation in detail:

Ribosomes
- Ribosomes are the cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis in prokaryotic cells.
- They are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins.
- Ribosomes read the messenger RNA (mRNA) and use the information to assemble amino acids into proteins.
- In prokaryotic cells, ribosomes can be found both free-floating in the cytoplasm and attached to the cell membrane.

Nucleus
- Unlike eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus where DNA is housed. Instead, the DNA is located in the nucleoid region of the cell.
- Since prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, protein synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm directly by the ribosomes.

Golgi Apparatus
- The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion or for use within the cell.
- While the Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in protein processing and transport in eukaryotic cells, it is not directly involved in protein synthesis in prokaryotic cells.

Lysosome
- Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles containing digestive enzymes that break down cellular waste and debris.
- They are not involved in protein synthesis but rather in the digestion of macromolecules within the cell.
In conclusion, the ribosomes are the organelles responsible for protein synthesis in prokaryotic cells, highlighting their essential role in the cellular machinery of these organisms.