Definition of an Algorithm:
An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure or a logical sequence of instructions that is designed to solve a specific problem or perform a particular task. It is a set of well-defined rules or a plan that guides the execution of a problem-solving process.

Explanation of the Correct Answer:
The correct answer is option 'C', which states that an algorithm is a logical sequence of steps that solve a problem. This answer is accurate because an algorithm is not just a mathematical formula or a musical tempo, but rather a systematic approach to problem-solving.

Explanation in Detail:
To further understand why option 'C' is the correct answer, let's break down the definition of an algorithm and its components:

1. Logical Sequence of Steps:
An algorithm consists of a series of well-defined and ordered steps or instructions. These steps are arranged in a logical manner to achieve a desired outcome. Each step must be clear, unambiguous, and understandable.

2. Problem-Solving:
Algorithms are primarily used for problem-solving. They provide a systematic approach to tackle a problem, break it down into smaller subproblems, and solve them in a specific order. The goal is to arrive at a solution or reach a desired state.

3. Well-Defined Rules:
An algorithm must have clearly defined rules for each step. These rules dictate how the input data is processed, what operations are performed, and how the output is generated. The rules ensure that the algorithm is consistent, repeatable, and reliable.

4. Execution:
An algorithm is executed by following the defined sequence of steps. Each step is performed in a specific order until the problem is solved or the desired task is completed. The execution may involve calculations, comparisons, iterations, or other operations.

5. Problem Domain:
Algorithms are designed for specific problem domains. They are tailored to address the requirements and constraints of a particular problem. Different algorithms may be used to solve different types of problems, such as sorting data, searching for information, or optimizing a process.

In conclusion, an algorithm is a logical sequence of steps that provides a systematic approach to problem-solving. It is not simply a mathematical formula or a musical tempo, but rather a well-defined set of rules that guide the execution of a problem-solving process.