Colonial state regarded grazing land as wasteland:
- During the colonial period, the ruling powers often viewed grazing land as unproductive or unused land.
- This perception led them to consider it as wasteland, not worth utilizing for other purposes.
- The colonial state did not recognize the value of grazing land for supporting livestock and sustaining local economies.
- This perspective often resulted in policies that prioritized other land uses such as agriculture or forestry over grazing.
- Grazing land was often left underutilized or neglected, leading to degradation and loss of its potential productivity.
- The colonial state's disregard for grazing land contributed to the marginalization of pastoral communities who depended on it for their livelihoods.
- The perception of grazing land as wasteland also influenced land tenure systems, with the state often claiming ownership or control over such lands.
Overall, the colonial state's characterization of grazing land as wasteland had significant implications for the management and utilization of these lands, as well as for the communities that relied on them.

Explanation:

The colonial state regarded grazing land as "wasteland" because of several reasons. These reasons can be explained as follows:

1. Economic Perspective:
- The colonial state primarily focused on economic development and maximizing revenue for the imperial power.
- Grazing land was considered unproductive from an economic standpoint as it did not generate substantial revenue or contribute to the colonial economy.
- The colonial state believed that the land could be better utilized for activities that generated more revenue, such as agriculture or industries.

2. Agricultural Bias:
- The colonial state had a strong bias towards agriculture and viewed it as the main economic activity.
- Grazing land was seen as a hindrance to agricultural expansion because it was not suitable for cultivation of crops.
- The colonial government aimed to convert grazing lands into agricultural land to increase agricultural production and meet the growing demands of the imperial power.

3. Lack of Development:
- Grazing land was often located in remote or marginal areas that were considered less developed.
- The colonial state prioritized the development of urban centers and areas with potential for industrial growth.
- Grazing land was neglected in terms of infrastructure development and other amenities, further reinforcing the perception of it being wasteland.

4. Ecological Misunderstanding:
- The colonial state had limited understanding of the ecological importance of grazing land.
- Grazing land, although not suitable for cultivation, played a crucial role in supporting pastoral communities and their livestock.
- It also served as a habitat for various wildlife species, contributing to biodiversity conservation.
- However, the colonial state failed to recognize these ecological values and disregarded grazing land as wasteland.

In summary, the colonial state regarded grazing land as wasteland due to its economic unproductiveness, hindrance to agricultural expansion, lack of development, and limited understanding of its ecological significance.