Before Delhi was made the capital of India, the other city that was the capital of British India was Calcutta.
Explanation:
- British India refers to the period when India was under the direct rule of the British Empire from 1858 to 1947.
- During this time, the capital of British India changed several times.
- Calcutta, now known as Kolkata, was the first city to serve as the capital of British India.
- Calcutta became the capital in 1772 and remained so until 1911.
- The British East India Company established its headquarters in Calcutta, and it became a major center for trade and administration.
- Calcutta was strategically located on the eastern coast of India, making it a convenient base for British operations in the region.
- However, in 1911, the capital was shifted from Calcutta to Delhi for various reasons, including political and administrative considerations.
- Delhi was seen as a more central location and had historical significance as the seat of power for many previous Indian empires.
- The decision to make Delhi the capital was announced during the Delhi Durbar in 1911, and the transition was completed in 1912.
- Since then, Delhi has remained the capital of India, both during the British colonial period and after India gained independence in 1947.
Key Points:
- Calcutta served as the capital of British India from 1772 to 1911.
- Delhi became the capital of India in 1911, replacing Calcutta.
- Calcutta was strategically located and a major center for trade and administration.
- The decision to shift the capital to Delhi was made for political and administrative reasons.
- Delhi has remained the capital of India since 1911.