Which of following is correct about solubility-(A) It increases with i...
Correct Statements about Solubility:
There are four statements given about solubility. Let's analyze each statement to determine which ones are correct.
(A) It increases with an increase in temperature:
- This statement is correct. In general, solubility tends to increase with an increase in temperature. This is because higher temperatures provide more energy for the solute particles to break apart and mix with the solvent particles.
(B) Mass of solute dissolution in 100 units of solvent:
- This statement is correct. Solubility is often expressed as the mass of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent. For example, if the solubility of a substance is 50g/100g of water, it means that 50 grams of the substance can dissolve in 100 grams of water.
(C) Solubility of common salt in water is 46g at 20°C:
- This statement is incorrect. The solubility of common salt (sodium chloride) in water at 20°C is approximately 36g/100g of water, not 46g. The solubility of a substance can vary with different temperatures and conditions.
(D) It decreases with a decrease in temperature:
- This statement is correct. In most cases, solubility decreases with a decrease in temperature. This is because lower temperatures reduce the energy available for solute particles to dissolve in the solvent. However, there are some exceptions to this general trend, such as the solubility of gas solutes, which often increase with a decrease in temperature.
Conclusion:
Based on the analysis, the correct statements about solubility are:
- Statement (A): It increases with an increase in temperature.
- Statement (B): Mass of solute dissolution in 100 units of solvent.
- Statement (D): It decreases with a decrease in temperature.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A: (a), (b), and (d) are correct.
Which of following is correct about solubility-(A) It increases with i...
Solubility:
Solubility is a measure of the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure. It is expressed in grams of solute per 100 grams of solvent.
Effect of Temperature on Solubility:
The solubility of most solid solutes in a solvent typically increases with an increase in temperature. This means that as the temperature of the solvent increases, more solute can be dissolved. There are, however, some exceptions where solubility decreases with an increase in temperature.
Effect of Temperature on Gas Solubility:
In contrast to solid solutes, the solubility of gases in a solvent typically decreases with an increase in temperature. This means that as the temperature of the solvent increases, less gas can be dissolved.
Effect of Mass of Solute Dissolution:
The solubility of a solute is often expressed as the mass of solute dissolved in a given mass of solvent. For example, if we say that the solubility of a particular solute is 46g in 100g of water at 20°C, it means that 46g of solute can dissolve in 100g of water at that temperature.
The Correct Statements:
From the given options, the correct statements are:
- (A) It increases with an increase in temperature.
- (B) Mass of solute dissolution in 100 units of solvent.
Explanation:
Option (A) is correct because, in most cases, the solubility of solid solutes in a solvent increases as the temperature increases. This is because higher temperature provides more energy to break the intermolecular forces of the solute particles, allowing them to mix more easily with the solvent.
Option (B) is also correct because solubility is often expressed as the amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent. For example, if we have 100g of solvent, the solubility of a solute may be given as a certain mass of solute that can dissolve in that 100g of solvent.
Option (C) is incorrect because it states a specific value of solubility for common salt in water at 20°C. The solubility of common salt in water at 20°C is actually around 35.9g/100g of water, not 46g.
Option (D) is incorrect because it states that solubility decreases with a decrease in temperature. This is generally not true for solid solutes, as their solubility tends to increase with increasing temperature.
Therefore, the correct answer is option (A), as it correctly states that solubility increases with an increase in temperature, and option (B), as it correctly relates solubility to the mass of solute dissolved in a given amount of solvent.
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