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Direction: Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.
Passage
NATURAL SCIENCE: Heredity and Gene-linkage: A Possible Relationship
The ability of every organism on earth to repro-
duce is the hallmark of life. Reproduction can be either
asexual, involving a single parent, or sexual, involving
two parents. Sexual reproduction begets offspring that
(5) inherit half of their genes from each parent. This trans-
mission of genes from one generation to the next is
called heredity.
Each hereditary unit, the gene, contains specific
encoded information that translates into an organism’s
(10) inherited traits. Inherited traits range from hair color,
to height to susceptibility to disease. Genes are actu-
ally segments of the DNA molecule, and it is the
precise replication of DNA that produces copies of
genes that can be passed from parents to offspring.
(15) DNA is subdivided into chromosomes that each include
hundreds or thousands of genes. The specific traits or
characteristics of each offspring depend on the arrange-
ment and combination of the chromosomes supplied by
both parents.
(20) Genes located on the same chromosome tend to
be inherited together. Transmission of these so-called
linked genes can affect the inheritance of two dif-
ferent characteristics. Thomas Hunt Morgan was the
first biologist to associate specific genes with specific
(25) chromosomes. In the early 20th century, Morgan
selected a species of fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster,
on which to study his genetic theory. The fruit fly is a
prolific breeder, producing hundreds of offspring in a
single mating. In addition, the fruit fly has only four
(30) pairs of easily distinguishable chromosomes, making
it the ideal experimental organism. Soon after Morgan
commenced working with Drosophila, he began to
notice variations in certain traits.
For example, Morgan noticed that the natural
(35) characteristics of Drosophila included gray bodies
and normal wings. However, mutant examples of
these characteristics sometimes appeared; these flies
had black bodies, and much smaller, vestigial wings.
Morgan crossed female flies that appeared normal, but
(40) carried the mutant genes, with males that exhibited the
mutations. He expected the offspring to include equal
numbers of gray flies with normal wings, black flies
with vestigial wings, gray flies with vestigial wings,
and black flies with normal wings. What he found was
(45) a disproportionate number of gray flies with normal
wings and black flies with vestigial wings, which sug-
gested to him that the genes for body color and wing
size are transmitted together from parents to offspring
because they are located on the same chromosome and
(50) must be somehow linked.
Additional research conducted by Morgan on
D. melanogaster demonstrated that many, often spon-
taneous mutations occur across generations. These
observations, together with the results of experiments
(55) carried out to test his theory on linked genes, led
Morgan to postulate that the location of the genes on
the chromosomes contributes to the likelihood of any
given gene being transmitted from parent to offspring.
This theory of linear arrangement, along with Morgan’s
(60) other important contributions to the field of genetics,
led to his being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology
or Medicine in 1933.
Current research exploring the significance of
linked genes reveals that many factors affect the trans-
(65) mission of certain traits from parents to offspring. The
location of genes on a particular chromosome is but one
of a multitude of determinants involved in whether or
not a characteristic will be inherited.
Passage
NATURAL SCIENCE: Heredity and Gene-linkage: A Possible Relationship
The ability of every organism on earth to repro-
duce is the hallmark of life. Reproduction can be either
asexual, involving a single parent, or sexual, involving
two parents. Sexual reproduction begets offspring that
(5) inherit half of their genes from each parent. This trans-
mission of genes from one generation to the next is
called heredity.
Each hereditary unit, the gene, contains specific
encoded information that translates into an organism’s
(10) inherited traits. Inherited traits range from hair color,
to height to susceptibility to disease. Genes are actu-
ally segments of the DNA molecule, and it is the
precise replication of DNA that produces copies of
genes that can be passed from parents to offspring.
(15) DNA is subdivided into chromosomes that each include
hundreds or thousands of genes. The specific traits or
characteristics of each offspring depend on the arrange-
ment and combination of the chromosomes supplied by
both parents.
(20) Genes located on the same chromosome tend to
be inherited together. Transmission of these so-called
linked genes can affect the inheritance of two dif-
ferent characteristics. Thomas Hunt Morgan was the
first biologist to associate specific genes with specific
(25) chromosomes. In the early 20th century, Morgan
selected a species of fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster,
on which to study his genetic theory. The fruit fly is a
prolific breeder, producing hundreds of offspring in a
single mating. In addition, the fruit fly has only four
(30) pairs of easily distinguishable chromosomes, making
it the ideal experimental organism. Soon after Morgan
commenced working with Drosophila, he began to
notice variations in certain traits.
For example, Morgan noticed that the natural
(35) characteristics of Drosophila included gray bodies
and normal wings. However, mutant examples of
these characteristics sometimes appeared; these flies
had black bodies, and much smaller, vestigial wings.
Morgan crossed female flies that appeared normal, but
(40) carried the mutant genes, with males that exhibited the
mutations. He expected the offspring to include equal
numbers of gray flies with normal wings, black flies
with vestigial wings, gray flies with vestigial wings,
and black flies with normal wings. What he found was
(45) a disproportionate number of gray flies with normal
wings and black flies with vestigial wings, which sug-
gested to him that the genes for body color and wing
size are transmitted together from parents to offspring
because they are located on the same chromosome and
(50) must be somehow linked.
Additional research conducted by Morgan on
D. melanogaster demonstrated that many, often spon-
taneous mutations occur across generations. These
observations, together with the results of experiments
(55) carried out to test his theory on linked genes, led
Morgan to postulate that the location of the genes on
the chromosomes contributes to the likelihood of any
given gene being transmitted from parent to offspring.
This theory of linear arrangement, along with Morgan’s
(60) other important contributions to the field of genetics,
led to his being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology
or Medicine in 1933.
Current research exploring the significance of
linked genes reveals that many factors affect the trans-
(65) mission of certain traits from parents to offspring. The
location of genes on a particular chromosome is but one
of a multitude of determinants involved in whether or
not a characteristic will be inherited.
Q. The main idea of the passage is that:
- a)fruit flies are excellent experimental organisms.
- b)chromosomes contain many different genes.
- c)the position of genes on a given chromosome can affect the inheritance of certain traits.
- d)linked genes are primarily responsible for all of the mutations associated with body color and wing shape.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
Direction:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each questio...
The best answer is C. The primary focus of the passage is on gene linkage; what it is and how it works. The other answer choices are too specific and do not adequately express the overall main idea of the passage.
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Direction:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: Heredity and Gene-linkage: A Possible RelationshipThe ability of every organism on earth to repro-duce is the hallmark of life. Reproduction can be eitherasexual, involving a single parent, or sexual, involvingtwo parents. Sexual reproduction begets offspring that(5)inherit half of their genes from each parent. This trans-mission of genes from one generation to the next iscalled heredity.Each hereditary unit, the gene, contains specificencoded information that translates into an organism’s(10)inherited traits. Inherited traits range from hair color,to height to susceptibility to disease. Genes are actu-ally segments of the DNA molecule, and it is theprecise replication of DNA that produces copies ofgenes that can be passed from parents to offspring.(15)DNA is subdivided into chromosomes that each includehundreds or thousands of genes. The specific traits orcharacteristics of each offspring depend on the arrange-ment and combination of the chromosomes supplied byboth parents.(20)Genes located on the same chromosome tend tobe inherited together. Transmission of these so-calledlinked genes can affect the inheritance of two dif-ferent characteristics. Thomas Hunt Morgan was thefirst biologist to associate specific genes with specific(25)chromosomes. In the early 20th century, Morganselected a species of fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster,on which to study his genetic theory. The fruit fly is aprolific breeder, producing hundreds of offspring in asingle mating. In addition, the fruit fly has only four(30)pairs of easily distinguishable chromosomes, makingit the ideal experimental organism. Soon after Morgancommenced working with Drosophila, he began tonotice variations in certain traits.For example, Morgan noticed that the natural(35)characteristics of Drosophila included gray bodiesand normal wings. However, mutant examples ofthese characteristics sometimes appeared; these flieshad black bodies, and much smaller, vestigial wings.Morgan crossed female flies that appeared normal, but(40)carried the mutant genes, with males that exhibited themutations. He expected the offspring to include equalnumbers of gray flies with normal wings, black flieswith vestigial wings, gray flies with vestigial wings,and black flies with normal wings. What he found was(45)a disproportionate number of gray flies with normalwings and black flies with vestigial wings, which sug-gested to him that the genes for body color and wingsize are transmitted together from parents to offspringbecause they are located on the same chromosome and(50)must be somehow linked.Additional research conducted by Morgan onD. melanogaster demonstrated that many, often spon-taneous mutations occur across generations. Theseobservations, together with the results of experiments(55)carried out to test his theory on linked genes, ledMorgan to postulate that the location of the genes onthe chromosomes contributes to the likelihood of anygiven gene being transmitted from parent to offspring.This theory of linear arrangement, along with Morgan’s(60)other important contributions to the field of genetics,led to his being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiologyor Medicine in 1933.Current research exploring the significance oflinked genes reveals that many factors affect the trans-(65)mission of certain traits from parents to offspring. Thelocation of genes on a particular chromosome is but oneof a multitude of determinants involved in whether ornot a characteristic will be inherited.Q.The main idea of the passage is that:a)fruit flies are excellent experimental organisms.b)chromosomes contain many different genes.c)the position of genes on a given chromosome can affect the inheritance of certain traits.d)linked genes are primarily responsible for all of the mutations associated with body color and wing shape.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Question Description
Direction:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: Heredity and Gene-linkage: A Possible RelationshipThe ability of every organism on earth to repro-duce is the hallmark of life. Reproduction can be eitherasexual, involving a single parent, or sexual, involvingtwo parents. Sexual reproduction begets offspring that(5)inherit half of their genes from each parent. This trans-mission of genes from one generation to the next iscalled heredity.Each hereditary unit, the gene, contains specificencoded information that translates into an organism’s(10)inherited traits. Inherited traits range from hair color,to height to susceptibility to disease. Genes are actu-ally segments of the DNA molecule, and it is theprecise replication of DNA that produces copies ofgenes that can be passed from parents to offspring.(15)DNA is subdivided into chromosomes that each includehundreds or thousands of genes. The specific traits orcharacteristics of each offspring depend on the arrange-ment and combination of the chromosomes supplied byboth parents.(20)Genes located on the same chromosome tend tobe inherited together. Transmission of these so-calledlinked genes can affect the inheritance of two dif-ferent characteristics. Thomas Hunt Morgan was thefirst biologist to associate specific genes with specific(25)chromosomes. In the early 20th century, Morganselected a species of fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster,on which to study his genetic theory. The fruit fly is aprolific breeder, producing hundreds of offspring in asingle mating. In addition, the fruit fly has only four(30)pairs of easily distinguishable chromosomes, makingit the ideal experimental organism. Soon after Morgancommenced working with Drosophila, he began tonotice variations in certain traits.For example, Morgan noticed that the natural(35)characteristics of Drosophila included gray bodiesand normal wings. However, mutant examples ofthese characteristics sometimes appeared; these flieshad black bodies, and much smaller, vestigial wings.Morgan crossed female flies that appeared normal, but(40)carried the mutant genes, with males that exhibited themutations. He expected the offspring to include equalnumbers of gray flies with normal wings, black flieswith vestigial wings, gray flies with vestigial wings,and black flies with normal wings. What he found was(45)a disproportionate number of gray flies with normalwings and black flies with vestigial wings, which sug-gested to him that the genes for body color and wingsize are transmitted together from parents to offspringbecause they are located on the same chromosome and(50)must be somehow linked.Additional research conducted by Morgan onD. melanogaster demonstrated that many, often spon-taneous mutations occur across generations. Theseobservations, together with the results of experiments(55)carried out to test his theory on linked genes, ledMorgan to postulate that the location of the genes onthe chromosomes contributes to the likelihood of anygiven gene being transmitted from parent to offspring.This theory of linear arrangement, along with Morgan’s(60)other important contributions to the field of genetics,led to his being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiologyor Medicine in 1933.Current research exploring the significance oflinked genes reveals that many factors affect the trans-(65)mission of certain traits from parents to offspring. Thelocation of genes on a particular chromosome is but oneof a multitude of determinants involved in whether ornot a characteristic will be inherited.Q.The main idea of the passage is that:a)fruit flies are excellent experimental organisms.b)chromosomes contain many different genes.c)the position of genes on a given chromosome can affect the inheritance of certain traits.d)linked genes are primarily responsible for all of the mutations associated with body color and wing shape.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? for ACT 2025 is part of ACT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the ACT exam syllabus. Information about Direction:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: Heredity and Gene-linkage: A Possible RelationshipThe ability of every organism on earth to repro-duce is the hallmark of life. Reproduction can be eitherasexual, involving a single parent, or sexual, involvingtwo parents. Sexual reproduction begets offspring that(5)inherit half of their genes from each parent. This trans-mission of genes from one generation to the next iscalled heredity.Each hereditary unit, the gene, contains specificencoded information that translates into an organism’s(10)inherited traits. Inherited traits range from hair color,to height to susceptibility to disease. Genes are actu-ally segments of the DNA molecule, and it is theprecise replication of DNA that produces copies ofgenes that can be passed from parents to offspring.(15)DNA is subdivided into chromosomes that each includehundreds or thousands of genes. The specific traits orcharacteristics of each offspring depend on the arrange-ment and combination of the chromosomes supplied byboth parents.(20)Genes located on the same chromosome tend tobe inherited together. Transmission of these so-calledlinked genes can affect the inheritance of two dif-ferent characteristics. Thomas Hunt Morgan was thefirst biologist to associate specific genes with specific(25)chromosomes. In the early 20th century, Morganselected a species of fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster,on which to study his genetic theory. The fruit fly is aprolific breeder, producing hundreds of offspring in asingle mating. In addition, the fruit fly has only four(30)pairs of easily distinguishable chromosomes, makingit the ideal experimental organism. Soon after Morgancommenced working with Drosophila, he began tonotice variations in certain traits.For example, Morgan noticed that the natural(35)characteristics of Drosophila included gray bodiesand normal wings. However, mutant examples ofthese characteristics sometimes appeared; these flieshad black bodies, and much smaller, vestigial wings.Morgan crossed female flies that appeared normal, but(40)carried the mutant genes, with males that exhibited themutations. He expected the offspring to include equalnumbers of gray flies with normal wings, black flieswith vestigial wings, gray flies with vestigial wings,and black flies with normal wings. What he found was(45)a disproportionate number of gray flies with normalwings and black flies with vestigial wings, which sug-gested to him that the genes for body color and wingsize are transmitted together from parents to offspringbecause they are located on the same chromosome and(50)must be somehow linked.Additional research conducted by Morgan onD. melanogaster demonstrated that many, often spon-taneous mutations occur across generations. Theseobservations, together with the results of experiments(55)carried out to test his theory on linked genes, ledMorgan to postulate that the location of the genes onthe chromosomes contributes to the likelihood of anygiven gene being transmitted from parent to offspring.This theory of linear arrangement, along with Morgan’s(60)other important contributions to the field of genetics,led to his being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiologyor Medicine in 1933.Current research exploring the significance oflinked genes reveals that many factors affect the trans-(65)mission of certain traits from parents to offspring. Thelocation of genes on a particular chromosome is but oneof a multitude of determinants involved in whether ornot a characteristic will be inherited.Q.The main idea of the passage is that:a)fruit flies are excellent experimental organisms.b)chromosomes contain many different genes.c)the position of genes on a given chromosome can affect the inheritance of certain traits.d)linked genes are primarily responsible for all of the mutations associated with body color and wing shape.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for ACT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Direction:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: Heredity and Gene-linkage: A Possible RelationshipThe ability of every organism on earth to repro-duce is the hallmark of life. Reproduction can be eitherasexual, involving a single parent, or sexual, involvingtwo parents. Sexual reproduction begets offspring that(5)inherit half of their genes from each parent. This trans-mission of genes from one generation to the next iscalled heredity.Each hereditary unit, the gene, contains specificencoded information that translates into an organism’s(10)inherited traits. Inherited traits range from hair color,to height to susceptibility to disease. Genes are actu-ally segments of the DNA molecule, and it is theprecise replication of DNA that produces copies ofgenes that can be passed from parents to offspring.(15)DNA is subdivided into chromosomes that each includehundreds or thousands of genes. The specific traits orcharacteristics of each offspring depend on the arrange-ment and combination of the chromosomes supplied byboth parents.(20)Genes located on the same chromosome tend tobe inherited together. Transmission of these so-calledlinked genes can affect the inheritance of two dif-ferent characteristics. Thomas Hunt Morgan was thefirst biologist to associate specific genes with specific(25)chromosomes. In the early 20th century, Morganselected a species of fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster,on which to study his genetic theory. The fruit fly is aprolific breeder, producing hundreds of offspring in asingle mating. In addition, the fruit fly has only four(30)pairs of easily distinguishable chromosomes, makingit the ideal experimental organism. Soon after Morgancommenced working with Drosophila, he began tonotice variations in certain traits.For example, Morgan noticed that the natural(35)characteristics of Drosophila included gray bodiesand normal wings. However, mutant examples ofthese characteristics sometimes appeared; these flieshad black bodies, and much smaller, vestigial wings.Morgan crossed female flies that appeared normal, but(40)carried the mutant genes, with males that exhibited themutations. He expected the offspring to include equalnumbers of gray flies with normal wings, black flieswith vestigial wings, gray flies with vestigial wings,and black flies with normal wings. What he found was(45)a disproportionate number of gray flies with normalwings and black flies with vestigial wings, which sug-gested to him that the genes for body color and wingsize are transmitted together from parents to offspringbecause they are located on the same chromosome and(50)must be somehow linked.Additional research conducted by Morgan onD. melanogaster demonstrated that many, often spon-taneous mutations occur across generations. Theseobservations, together with the results of experiments(55)carried out to test his theory on linked genes, ledMorgan to postulate that the location of the genes onthe chromosomes contributes to the likelihood of anygiven gene being transmitted from parent to offspring.This theory of linear arrangement, along with Morgan’s(60)other important contributions to the field of genetics,led to his being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiologyor Medicine in 1933.Current research exploring the significance oflinked genes reveals that many factors affect the trans-(65)mission of certain traits from parents to offspring. Thelocation of genes on a particular chromosome is but oneof a multitude of determinants involved in whether ornot a characteristic will be inherited.Q.The main idea of the passage is that:a)fruit flies are excellent experimental organisms.b)chromosomes contain many different genes.c)the position of genes on a given chromosome can affect the inheritance of certain traits.d)linked genes are primarily responsible for all of the mutations associated with body color and wing shape.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?.
Direction:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: Heredity and Gene-linkage: A Possible RelationshipThe ability of every organism on earth to repro-duce is the hallmark of life. Reproduction can be eitherasexual, involving a single parent, or sexual, involvingtwo parents. Sexual reproduction begets offspring that(5)inherit half of their genes from each parent. This trans-mission of genes from one generation to the next iscalled heredity.Each hereditary unit, the gene, contains specificencoded information that translates into an organism’s(10)inherited traits. Inherited traits range from hair color,to height to susceptibility to disease. Genes are actu-ally segments of the DNA molecule, and it is theprecise replication of DNA that produces copies ofgenes that can be passed from parents to offspring.(15)DNA is subdivided into chromosomes that each includehundreds or thousands of genes. The specific traits orcharacteristics of each offspring depend on the arrange-ment and combination of the chromosomes supplied byboth parents.(20)Genes located on the same chromosome tend tobe inherited together. Transmission of these so-calledlinked genes can affect the inheritance of two dif-ferent characteristics. Thomas Hunt Morgan was thefirst biologist to associate specific genes with specific(25)chromosomes. In the early 20th century, Morganselected a species of fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster,on which to study his genetic theory. The fruit fly is aprolific breeder, producing hundreds of offspring in asingle mating. In addition, the fruit fly has only four(30)pairs of easily distinguishable chromosomes, makingit the ideal experimental organism. Soon after Morgancommenced working with Drosophila, he began tonotice variations in certain traits.For example, Morgan noticed that the natural(35)characteristics of Drosophila included gray bodiesand normal wings. However, mutant examples ofthese characteristics sometimes appeared; these flieshad black bodies, and much smaller, vestigial wings.Morgan crossed female flies that appeared normal, but(40)carried the mutant genes, with males that exhibited themutations. He expected the offspring to include equalnumbers of gray flies with normal wings, black flieswith vestigial wings, gray flies with vestigial wings,and black flies with normal wings. What he found was(45)a disproportionate number of gray flies with normalwings and black flies with vestigial wings, which sug-gested to him that the genes for body color and wingsize are transmitted together from parents to offspringbecause they are located on the same chromosome and(50)must be somehow linked.Additional research conducted by Morgan onD. melanogaster demonstrated that many, often spon-taneous mutations occur across generations. Theseobservations, together with the results of experiments(55)carried out to test his theory on linked genes, ledMorgan to postulate that the location of the genes onthe chromosomes contributes to the likelihood of anygiven gene being transmitted from parent to offspring.This theory of linear arrangement, along with Morgan’s(60)other important contributions to the field of genetics,led to his being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiologyor Medicine in 1933.Current research exploring the significance oflinked genes reveals that many factors affect the trans-(65)mission of certain traits from parents to offspring. Thelocation of genes on a particular chromosome is but oneof a multitude of determinants involved in whether ornot a characteristic will be inherited.Q.The main idea of the passage is that:a)fruit flies are excellent experimental organisms.b)chromosomes contain many different genes.c)the position of genes on a given chromosome can affect the inheritance of certain traits.d)linked genes are primarily responsible for all of the mutations associated with body color and wing shape.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? for ACT 2025 is part of ACT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the ACT exam syllabus. Information about Direction:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: Heredity and Gene-linkage: A Possible RelationshipThe ability of every organism on earth to repro-duce is the hallmark of life. Reproduction can be eitherasexual, involving a single parent, or sexual, involvingtwo parents. Sexual reproduction begets offspring that(5)inherit half of their genes from each parent. This trans-mission of genes from one generation to the next iscalled heredity.Each hereditary unit, the gene, contains specificencoded information that translates into an organism’s(10)inherited traits. Inherited traits range from hair color,to height to susceptibility to disease. Genes are actu-ally segments of the DNA molecule, and it is theprecise replication of DNA that produces copies ofgenes that can be passed from parents to offspring.(15)DNA is subdivided into chromosomes that each includehundreds or thousands of genes. The specific traits orcharacteristics of each offspring depend on the arrange-ment and combination of the chromosomes supplied byboth parents.(20)Genes located on the same chromosome tend tobe inherited together. Transmission of these so-calledlinked genes can affect the inheritance of two dif-ferent characteristics. Thomas Hunt Morgan was thefirst biologist to associate specific genes with specific(25)chromosomes. In the early 20th century, Morganselected a species of fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster,on which to study his genetic theory. The fruit fly is aprolific breeder, producing hundreds of offspring in asingle mating. In addition, the fruit fly has only four(30)pairs of easily distinguishable chromosomes, makingit the ideal experimental organism. Soon after Morgancommenced working with Drosophila, he began tonotice variations in certain traits.For example, Morgan noticed that the natural(35)characteristics of Drosophila included gray bodiesand normal wings. However, mutant examples ofthese characteristics sometimes appeared; these flieshad black bodies, and much smaller, vestigial wings.Morgan crossed female flies that appeared normal, but(40)carried the mutant genes, with males that exhibited themutations. He expected the offspring to include equalnumbers of gray flies with normal wings, black flieswith vestigial wings, gray flies with vestigial wings,and black flies with normal wings. What he found was(45)a disproportionate number of gray flies with normalwings and black flies with vestigial wings, which sug-gested to him that the genes for body color and wingsize are transmitted together from parents to offspringbecause they are located on the same chromosome and(50)must be somehow linked.Additional research conducted by Morgan onD. melanogaster demonstrated that many, often spon-taneous mutations occur across generations. Theseobservations, together with the results of experiments(55)carried out to test his theory on linked genes, ledMorgan to postulate that the location of the genes onthe chromosomes contributes to the likelihood of anygiven gene being transmitted from parent to offspring.This theory of linear arrangement, along with Morgan’s(60)other important contributions to the field of genetics,led to his being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiologyor Medicine in 1933.Current research exploring the significance oflinked genes reveals that many factors affect the trans-(65)mission of certain traits from parents to offspring. Thelocation of genes on a particular chromosome is but oneof a multitude of determinants involved in whether ornot a characteristic will be inherited.Q.The main idea of the passage is that:a)fruit flies are excellent experimental organisms.b)chromosomes contain many different genes.c)the position of genes on a given chromosome can affect the inheritance of certain traits.d)linked genes are primarily responsible for all of the mutations associated with body color and wing shape.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for ACT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Direction:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: Heredity and Gene-linkage: A Possible RelationshipThe ability of every organism on earth to repro-duce is the hallmark of life. Reproduction can be eitherasexual, involving a single parent, or sexual, involvingtwo parents. Sexual reproduction begets offspring that(5)inherit half of their genes from each parent. This trans-mission of genes from one generation to the next iscalled heredity.Each hereditary unit, the gene, contains specificencoded information that translates into an organism’s(10)inherited traits. Inherited traits range from hair color,to height to susceptibility to disease. Genes are actu-ally segments of the DNA molecule, and it is theprecise replication of DNA that produces copies ofgenes that can be passed from parents to offspring.(15)DNA is subdivided into chromosomes that each includehundreds or thousands of genes. The specific traits orcharacteristics of each offspring depend on the arrange-ment and combination of the chromosomes supplied byboth parents.(20)Genes located on the same chromosome tend tobe inherited together. Transmission of these so-calledlinked genes can affect the inheritance of two dif-ferent characteristics. Thomas Hunt Morgan was thefirst biologist to associate specific genes with specific(25)chromosomes. In the early 20th century, Morganselected a species of fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster,on which to study his genetic theory. The fruit fly is aprolific breeder, producing hundreds of offspring in asingle mating. In addition, the fruit fly has only four(30)pairs of easily distinguishable chromosomes, makingit the ideal experimental organism. Soon after Morgancommenced working with Drosophila, he began tonotice variations in certain traits.For example, Morgan noticed that the natural(35)characteristics of Drosophila included gray bodiesand normal wings. However, mutant examples ofthese characteristics sometimes appeared; these flieshad black bodies, and much smaller, vestigial wings.Morgan crossed female flies that appeared normal, but(40)carried the mutant genes, with males that exhibited themutations. He expected the offspring to include equalnumbers of gray flies with normal wings, black flieswith vestigial wings, gray flies with vestigial wings,and black flies with normal wings. What he found was(45)a disproportionate number of gray flies with normalwings and black flies with vestigial wings, which sug-gested to him that the genes for body color and wingsize are transmitted together from parents to offspringbecause they are located on the same chromosome and(50)must be somehow linked.Additional research conducted by Morgan onD. melanogaster demonstrated that many, often spon-taneous mutations occur across generations. Theseobservations, together with the results of experiments(55)carried out to test his theory on linked genes, ledMorgan to postulate that the location of the genes onthe chromosomes contributes to the likelihood of anygiven gene being transmitted from parent to offspring.This theory of linear arrangement, along with Morgan’s(60)other important contributions to the field of genetics,led to his being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiologyor Medicine in 1933.Current research exploring the significance oflinked genes reveals that many factors affect the trans-(65)mission of certain traits from parents to offspring. Thelocation of genes on a particular chromosome is but oneof a multitude of determinants involved in whether ornot a characteristic will be inherited.Q.The main idea of the passage is that:a)fruit flies are excellent experimental organisms.b)chromosomes contain many different genes.c)the position of genes on a given chromosome can affect the inheritance of certain traits.d)linked genes are primarily responsible for all of the mutations associated with body color and wing shape.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?.
Solutions for Direction:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: Heredity and Gene-linkage: A Possible RelationshipThe ability of every organism on earth to repro-duce is the hallmark of life. Reproduction can be eitherasexual, involving a single parent, or sexual, involvingtwo parents. Sexual reproduction begets offspring that(5)inherit half of their genes from each parent. This trans-mission of genes from one generation to the next iscalled heredity.Each hereditary unit, the gene, contains specificencoded information that translates into an organism’s(10)inherited traits. Inherited traits range from hair color,to height to susceptibility to disease. Genes are actu-ally segments of the DNA molecule, and it is theprecise replication of DNA that produces copies ofgenes that can be passed from parents to offspring.(15)DNA is subdivided into chromosomes that each includehundreds or thousands of genes. The specific traits orcharacteristics of each offspring depend on the arrange-ment and combination of the chromosomes supplied byboth parents.(20)Genes located on the same chromosome tend tobe inherited together. Transmission of these so-calledlinked genes can affect the inheritance of two dif-ferent characteristics. Thomas Hunt Morgan was thefirst biologist to associate specific genes with specific(25)chromosomes. In the early 20th century, Morganselected a species of fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster,on which to study his genetic theory. The fruit fly is aprolific breeder, producing hundreds of offspring in asingle mating. In addition, the fruit fly has only four(30)pairs of easily distinguishable chromosomes, makingit the ideal experimental organism. Soon after Morgancommenced working with Drosophila, he began tonotice variations in certain traits.For example, Morgan noticed that the natural(35)characteristics of Drosophila included gray bodiesand normal wings. However, mutant examples ofthese characteristics sometimes appeared; these flieshad black bodies, and much smaller, vestigial wings.Morgan crossed female flies that appeared normal, but(40)carried the mutant genes, with males that exhibited themutations. He expected the offspring to include equalnumbers of gray flies with normal wings, black flieswith vestigial wings, gray flies with vestigial wings,and black flies with normal wings. What he found was(45)a disproportionate number of gray flies with normalwings and black flies with vestigial wings, which sug-gested to him that the genes for body color and wingsize are transmitted together from parents to offspringbecause they are located on the same chromosome and(50)must be somehow linked.Additional research conducted by Morgan onD. melanogaster demonstrated that many, often spon-taneous mutations occur across generations. Theseobservations, together with the results of experiments(55)carried out to test his theory on linked genes, ledMorgan to postulate that the location of the genes onthe chromosomes contributes to the likelihood of anygiven gene being transmitted from parent to offspring.This theory of linear arrangement, along with Morgan’s(60)other important contributions to the field of genetics,led to his being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiologyor Medicine in 1933.Current research exploring the significance oflinked genes reveals that many factors affect the trans-(65)mission of certain traits from parents to offspring. Thelocation of genes on a particular chromosome is but oneof a multitude of determinants involved in whether ornot a characteristic will be inherited.Q.The main idea of the passage is that:a)fruit flies are excellent experimental organisms.b)chromosomes contain many different genes.c)the position of genes on a given chromosome can affect the inheritance of certain traits.d)linked genes are primarily responsible for all of the mutations associated with body color and wing shape.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for ACT.
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Here you can find the meaning of Direction:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: Heredity and Gene-linkage: A Possible RelationshipThe ability of every organism on earth to repro-duce is the hallmark of life. Reproduction can be eitherasexual, involving a single parent, or sexual, involvingtwo parents. Sexual reproduction begets offspring that(5)inherit half of their genes from each parent. This trans-mission of genes from one generation to the next iscalled heredity.Each hereditary unit, the gene, contains specificencoded information that translates into an organism’s(10)inherited traits. Inherited traits range from hair color,to height to susceptibility to disease. Genes are actu-ally segments of the DNA molecule, and it is theprecise replication of DNA that produces copies ofgenes that can be passed from parents to offspring.(15)DNA is subdivided into chromosomes that each includehundreds or thousands of genes. The specific traits orcharacteristics of each offspring depend on the arrange-ment and combination of the chromosomes supplied byboth parents.(20)Genes located on the same chromosome tend tobe inherited together. Transmission of these so-calledlinked genes can affect the inheritance of two dif-ferent characteristics. Thomas Hunt Morgan was thefirst biologist to associate specific genes with specific(25)chromosomes. In the early 20th century, Morganselected a species of fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster,on which to study his genetic theory. The fruit fly is aprolific breeder, producing hundreds of offspring in asingle mating. In addition, the fruit fly has only four(30)pairs of easily distinguishable chromosomes, makingit the ideal experimental organism. Soon after Morgancommenced working with Drosophila, he began tonotice variations in certain traits.For example, Morgan noticed that the natural(35)characteristics of Drosophila included gray bodiesand normal wings. However, mutant examples ofthese characteristics sometimes appeared; these flieshad black bodies, and much smaller, vestigial wings.Morgan crossed female flies that appeared normal, but(40)carried the mutant genes, with males that exhibited themutations. He expected the offspring to include equalnumbers of gray flies with normal wings, black flieswith vestigial wings, gray flies with vestigial wings,and black flies with normal wings. What he found was(45)a disproportionate number of gray flies with normalwings and black flies with vestigial wings, which sug-gested to him that the genes for body color and wingsize are transmitted together from parents to offspringbecause they are located on the same chromosome and(50)must be somehow linked.Additional research conducted by Morgan onD. melanogaster demonstrated that many, often spon-taneous mutations occur across generations. Theseobservations, together with the results of experiments(55)carried out to test his theory on linked genes, ledMorgan to postulate that the location of the genes onthe chromosomes contributes to the likelihood of anygiven gene being transmitted from parent to offspring.This theory of linear arrangement, along with Morgan’s(60)other important contributions to the field of genetics,led to his being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiologyor Medicine in 1933.Current research exploring the significance oflinked genes reveals that many factors affect the trans-(65)mission of certain traits from parents to offspring. Thelocation of genes on a particular chromosome is but oneof a multitude of determinants involved in whether ornot a characteristic will be inherited.Q.The main idea of the passage is that:a)fruit flies are excellent experimental organisms.b)chromosomes contain many different genes.c)the position of genes on a given chromosome can affect the inheritance of certain traits.d)linked genes are primarily responsible for all of the mutations associated with body color and wing shape.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of
Direction:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: Heredity and Gene-linkage: A Possible RelationshipThe ability of every organism on earth to repro-duce is the hallmark of life. Reproduction can be eitherasexual, involving a single parent, or sexual, involvingtwo parents. Sexual reproduction begets offspring that(5)inherit half of their genes from each parent. This trans-mission of genes from one generation to the next iscalled heredity.Each hereditary unit, the gene, contains specificencoded information that translates into an organism’s(10)inherited traits. Inherited traits range from hair color,to height to susceptibility to disease. Genes are actu-ally segments of the DNA molecule, and it is theprecise replication of DNA that produces copies ofgenes that can be passed from parents to offspring.(15)DNA is subdivided into chromosomes that each includehundreds or thousands of genes. The specific traits orcharacteristics of each offspring depend on the arrange-ment and combination of the chromosomes supplied byboth parents.(20)Genes located on the same chromosome tend tobe inherited together. Transmission of these so-calledlinked genes can affect the inheritance of two dif-ferent characteristics. Thomas Hunt Morgan was thefirst biologist to associate specific genes with specific(25)chromosomes. In the early 20th century, Morganselected a species of fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster,on which to study his genetic theory. The fruit fly is aprolific breeder, producing hundreds of offspring in asingle mating. In addition, the fruit fly has only four(30)pairs of easily distinguishable chromosomes, makingit the ideal experimental organism. Soon after Morgancommenced working with Drosophila, he began tonotice variations in certain traits.For example, Morgan noticed that the natural(35)characteristics of Drosophila included gray bodiesand normal wings. However, mutant examples ofthese characteristics sometimes appeared; these flieshad black bodies, and much smaller, vestigial wings.Morgan crossed female flies that appeared normal, but(40)carried the mutant genes, with males that exhibited themutations. He expected the offspring to include equalnumbers of gray flies with normal wings, black flieswith vestigial wings, gray flies with vestigial wings,and black flies with normal wings. What he found was(45)a disproportionate number of gray flies with normalwings and black flies with vestigial wings, which sug-gested to him that the genes for body color and wingsize are transmitted together from parents to offspringbecause they are located on the same chromosome and(50)must be somehow linked.Additional research conducted by Morgan onD. melanogaster demonstrated that many, often spon-taneous mutations occur across generations. Theseobservations, together with the results of experiments(55)carried out to test his theory on linked genes, ledMorgan to postulate that the location of the genes onthe chromosomes contributes to the likelihood of anygiven gene being transmitted from parent to offspring.This theory of linear arrangement, along with Morgan’s(60)other important contributions to the field of genetics,led to his being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiologyor Medicine in 1933.Current research exploring the significance oflinked genes reveals that many factors affect the trans-(65)mission of certain traits from parents to offspring. Thelocation of genes on a particular chromosome is but oneof a multitude of determinants involved in whether ornot a characteristic will be inherited.Q.The main idea of the passage is that:a)fruit flies are excellent experimental organisms.b)chromosomes contain many different genes.c)the position of genes on a given chromosome can affect the inheritance of certain traits.d)linked genes are primarily responsible for all of the mutations associated with body color and wing shape.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for Direction:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: Heredity and Gene-linkage: A Possible RelationshipThe ability of every organism on earth to repro-duce is the hallmark of life. Reproduction can be eitherasexual, involving a single parent, or sexual, involvingtwo parents. Sexual reproduction begets offspring that(5)inherit half of their genes from each parent. This trans-mission of genes from one generation to the next iscalled heredity.Each hereditary unit, the gene, contains specificencoded information that translates into an organism’s(10)inherited traits. Inherited traits range from hair color,to height to susceptibility to disease. Genes are actu-ally segments of the DNA molecule, and it is theprecise replication of DNA that produces copies ofgenes that can be passed from parents to offspring.(15)DNA is subdivided into chromosomes that each includehundreds or thousands of genes. The specific traits orcharacteristics of each offspring depend on the arrange-ment and combination of the chromosomes supplied byboth parents.(20)Genes located on the same chromosome tend tobe inherited together. Transmission of these so-calledlinked genes can affect the inheritance of two dif-ferent characteristics. Thomas Hunt Morgan was thefirst biologist to associate specific genes with specific(25)chromosomes. In the early 20th century, Morganselected a species of fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster,on which to study his genetic theory. The fruit fly is aprolific breeder, producing hundreds of offspring in asingle mating. In addition, the fruit fly has only four(30)pairs of easily distinguishable chromosomes, makingit the ideal experimental organism. Soon after Morgancommenced working with Drosophila, he began tonotice variations in certain traits.For example, Morgan noticed that the natural(35)characteristics of Drosophila included gray bodiesand normal wings. However, mutant examples ofthese characteristics sometimes appeared; these flieshad black bodies, and much smaller, vestigial wings.Morgan crossed female flies that appeared normal, but(40)carried the mutant genes, with males that exhibited themutations. He expected the offspring to include equalnumbers of gray flies with normal wings, black flieswith vestigial wings, gray flies with vestigial wings,and black flies with normal wings. What he found was(45)a disproportionate number of gray flies with normalwings and black flies with vestigial wings, which sug-gested to him that the genes for body color and wingsize are transmitted together from parents to offspringbecause they are located on the same chromosome and(50)must be somehow linked.Additional research conducted by Morgan onD. melanogaster demonstrated that many, often spon-taneous mutations occur across generations. Theseobservations, together with the results of experiments(55)carried out to test his theory on linked genes, ledMorgan to postulate that the location of the genes onthe chromosomes contributes to the likelihood of anygiven gene being transmitted from parent to offspring.This theory of linear arrangement, along with Morgan’s(60)other important contributions to the field of genetics,led to his being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiologyor Medicine in 1933.Current research exploring the significance oflinked genes reveals that many factors affect the trans-(65)mission of certain traits from parents to offspring. Thelocation of genes on a particular chromosome is but oneof a multitude of determinants involved in whether ornot a characteristic will be inherited.Q.The main idea of the passage is that:a)fruit flies are excellent experimental organisms.b)chromosomes contain many different genes.c)the position of genes on a given chromosome can affect the inheritance of certain traits.d)linked genes are primarily responsible for all of the mutations associated with body color and wing shape.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of Direction:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: Heredity and Gene-linkage: A Possible RelationshipThe ability of every organism on earth to repro-duce is the hallmark of life. Reproduction can be eitherasexual, involving a single parent, or sexual, involvingtwo parents. Sexual reproduction begets offspring that(5)inherit half of their genes from each parent. This trans-mission of genes from one generation to the next iscalled heredity.Each hereditary unit, the gene, contains specificencoded information that translates into an organism’s(10)inherited traits. Inherited traits range from hair color,to height to susceptibility to disease. Genes are actu-ally segments of the DNA molecule, and it is theprecise replication of DNA that produces copies ofgenes that can be passed from parents to offspring.(15)DNA is subdivided into chromosomes that each includehundreds or thousands of genes. The specific traits orcharacteristics of each offspring depend on the arrange-ment and combination of the chromosomes supplied byboth parents.(20)Genes located on the same chromosome tend tobe inherited together. Transmission of these so-calledlinked genes can affect the inheritance of two dif-ferent characteristics. Thomas Hunt Morgan was thefirst biologist to associate specific genes with specific(25)chromosomes. In the early 20th century, Morganselected a species of fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster,on which to study his genetic theory. The fruit fly is aprolific breeder, producing hundreds of offspring in asingle mating. In addition, the fruit fly has only four(30)pairs of easily distinguishable chromosomes, makingit the ideal experimental organism. Soon after Morgancommenced working with Drosophila, he began tonotice variations in certain traits.For example, Morgan noticed that the natural(35)characteristics of Drosophila included gray bodiesand normal wings. However, mutant examples ofthese characteristics sometimes appeared; these flieshad black bodies, and much smaller, vestigial wings.Morgan crossed female flies that appeared normal, but(40)carried the mutant genes, with males that exhibited themutations. He expected the offspring to include equalnumbers of gray flies with normal wings, black flieswith vestigial wings, gray flies with vestigial wings,and black flies with normal wings. What he found was(45)a disproportionate number of gray flies with normalwings and black flies with vestigial wings, which sug-gested to him that the genes for body color and wingsize are transmitted together from parents to offspringbecause they are located on the same chromosome and(50)must be somehow linked.Additional research conducted by Morgan onD. melanogaster demonstrated that many, often spon-taneous mutations occur across generations. Theseobservations, together with the results of experiments(55)carried out to test his theory on linked genes, ledMorgan to postulate that the location of the genes onthe chromosomes contributes to the likelihood of anygiven gene being transmitted from parent to offspring.This theory of linear arrangement, along with Morgan’s(60)other important contributions to the field of genetics,led to his being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiologyor Medicine in 1933.Current research exploring the significance oflinked genes reveals that many factors affect the trans-(65)mission of certain traits from parents to offspring. Thelocation of genes on a particular chromosome is but oneof a multitude of determinants involved in whether ornot a characteristic will be inherited.Q.The main idea of the passage is that:a)fruit flies are excellent experimental organisms.b)chromosomes contain many different genes.c)the position of genes on a given chromosome can affect the inheritance of certain traits.d)linked genes are primarily responsible for all of the mutations associated with body color and wing shape.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an
ample number of questions to practice Direction:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageNATURAL SCIENCE: Heredity and Gene-linkage: A Possible RelationshipThe ability of every organism on earth to repro-duce is the hallmark of life. Reproduction can be eitherasexual, involving a single parent, or sexual, involvingtwo parents. Sexual reproduction begets offspring that(5)inherit half of their genes from each parent. This trans-mission of genes from one generation to the next iscalled heredity.Each hereditary unit, the gene, contains specificencoded information that translates into an organism’s(10)inherited traits. Inherited traits range from hair color,to height to susceptibility to disease. Genes are actu-ally segments of the DNA molecule, and it is theprecise replication of DNA that produces copies ofgenes that can be passed from parents to offspring.(15)DNA is subdivided into chromosomes that each includehundreds or thousands of genes. The specific traits orcharacteristics of each offspring depend on the arrange-ment and combination of the chromosomes supplied byboth parents.(20)Genes located on the same chromosome tend tobe inherited together. Transmission of these so-calledlinked genes can affect the inheritance of two dif-ferent characteristics. Thomas Hunt Morgan was thefirst biologist to associate specific genes with specific(25)chromosomes. In the early 20th century, Morganselected a species of fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster,on which to study his genetic theory. The fruit fly is aprolific breeder, producing hundreds of offspring in asingle mating. In addition, the fruit fly has only four(30)pairs of easily distinguishable chromosomes, makingit the ideal experimental organism. Soon after Morgancommenced working with Drosophila, he began tonotice variations in certain traits.For example, Morgan noticed that the natural(35)characteristics of Drosophila included gray bodiesand normal wings. However, mutant examples ofthese characteristics sometimes appeared; these flieshad black bodies, and much smaller, vestigial wings.Morgan crossed female flies that appeared normal, but(40)carried the mutant genes, with males that exhibited themutations. He expected the offspring to include equalnumbers of gray flies with normal wings, black flieswith vestigial wings, gray flies with vestigial wings,and black flies with normal wings. What he found was(45)a disproportionate number of gray flies with normalwings and black flies with vestigial wings, which sug-gested to him that the genes for body color and wingsize are transmitted together from parents to offspringbecause they are located on the same chromosome and(50)must be somehow linked.Additional research conducted by Morgan onD. melanogaster demonstrated that many, often spon-taneous mutations occur across generations. Theseobservations, together with the results of experiments(55)carried out to test his theory on linked genes, ledMorgan to postulate that the location of the genes onthe chromosomes contributes to the likelihood of anygiven gene being transmitted from parent to offspring.This theory of linear arrangement, along with Morgan’s(60)other important contributions to the field of genetics,led to his being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiologyor Medicine in 1933.Current research exploring the significance oflinked genes reveals that many factors affect the trans-(65)mission of certain traits from parents to offspring. Thelocation of genes on a particular chromosome is but oneof a multitude of determinants involved in whether ornot a characteristic will be inherited.Q.The main idea of the passage is that:a)fruit flies are excellent experimental organisms.b)chromosomes contain many different genes.c)the position of genes on a given chromosome can affect the inheritance of certain traits.d)linked genes are primarily responsible for all of the mutations associated with body color and wing shape.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice ACT tests.
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