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Common Ion effect can be used in which of the following cases?
  • a)
    cloth making
  • b)
    alcohol purification
  • c)
    quantitative analysis
  • d)
    qualitative analysis
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
Common Ion effect can be used in which of the following cases?a)cloth ...
Common Ion effect is used in the purification of common salt, salting out of soap and qualitative analysis. In qualitative analysis, Ammonium Hydroxide is added in the presence of Ammonium Chloride to avoid the precipitation of V group radicals.
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Common Ion effect can be used in which of the following cases?a)cloth ...


Qualitative Analysis

The common ion effect can be used in qualitative analysis to help identify the presence of certain ions in a solution. This effect is based on the principle that the solubility of a compound is reduced when a common ion is added to the solution.

How it works

When a common ion is added to a solution that contains a sparingly soluble salt, the equilibrium shifts toward the formation of solid precipitate. This results in the precipitation of the less soluble compound, which can be used to identify the presence of a specific ion in the solution.

Example

For example, if you suspect the presence of chloride ions in a solution, you can add a solution of silver nitrate (AgNO3), which contains the common ion Ag+. If a white precipitate forms, it indicates the presence of chloride ions in the solution, as silver chloride (AgCl) is a sparingly soluble salt.

Application in Qualitative Analysis

The common ion effect is commonly used in qualitative analysis to identify the presence of various ions in a solution. By understanding the solubility behavior of different compounds in the presence of common ions, chemists can determine the composition of unknown solutions.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the common ion effect is a valuable tool in qualitative analysis, allowing chemists to identify the presence of specific ions in a solution based on their solubility behavior. By utilizing this effect, researchers can gain valuable insights into the composition of various chemical samples.
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Passage adapted from Edmund MorelsKing Leopold’s Rule in Africa(1904)Everywhere [in the Congo] we see the same policy [of forced labor] at work, with the same results. What are the chief symptoms of the effects of that policy upon native life?Outwardly the most striking effect is depopulation: slaughter, mutilation, emigration, sickness, largely aggravated by cruel and systematic oppression; poverty, and even positive starvation, induced by unlimited taxation in food-stuffs and live stocks; a hopeless despair, and mental depression engendered by ears of grinding tyranny; neglect of children by the general maltreatment of women, one of the mostodiousand disgraceful features of the system— these are some of the many recorded cases of depopulation which, in certain districts, has assumed gigantic proportions…What a sum total of human wretchedness does not lie behind that bald word “depopulation”! To my mind, the horror of this curse which has come upon the Congo peoples reaches its maximum of intensity when we force ourselves to consider its everydayconcomitants; the crushing weight of perpetual, remorseless oppression; the gradual elimination of everything in the daily life of the natives which makes that life worth living. Under a prevailing system, every village is a penal settlement. Armed soldiers are quartered in every hamlet; the men pass nearly their whole lives in satisfying the ceaseless demands of the “Administration,” or its affiliates the Trusts…The cumulative effects of depopulation and infantile mortality by dragging women away from their homes for forced labour requisitions— seizing them as “hostages,” and “tying them up,” whether virgins, wives, mothers, or those about to become mothers, in order to bring pressure to bear upon brothers, husbands, and fathers for the adequate supply of rubber or food taxes; flinging them into “prison,” together with their children, often to die of starvation and neglect…What has come over the civilized people of the globe that they can allow their government to remain inactive and apathetic in the face of incidents which recall in aggravated form the worst horrors of the over-sea slave trade, which surpass the exploits of Arab slave catchers? What could be worse than scenes such as these, which can be culled by the dozen…The Congo Government boasts that, in stopping the intertribal warfare, it has stopped the selling of tribal prisoners of war into domestic slavery. The condition of the domestic slave under the African system is blissful beyond words, if you compare his lot with that of the degraded serf under the Leopoldian system…Enough has been said to show that under this system of “moral and material regeneration,” constituting a monstrous invasion of primitive rights which has no parallel in the whole world, the family life and social ties of the people are utterly destroyed…Why are these people allowed to suffer thus cruelly? What crime have they collectively committed in past ages that they should undergo to-day so terrible an expiation? Are they “groaning and dying” under this murderous system as a great object-lesson to Europe?... Belgium, technically unconcerned, is morally responsible, and Belgium will suffer… If the Congo Basin were capable of being colonized by the Caucasian race, the policy we condemn and reprobate would still be a crime against humanity, an outrage upon civilization. But the Congo territories can never be a white man’s country; the “Congo State” is naught but a collection of individuals— with one supreme above the all— working for their own selfish ends, caring nothing for posterity, callous of the present, indifferent of the future, as of the past, animated by no fanaticism other than the fanaticism of dividends— and so upon the wickedness of this thing is grafted the fatuous stupidity and inhumanity of the Powers in allowing the extermination of the Congo races to go on unchecked, barely, if at all, reproved.Q. Which of the following best describes the authors purpose in writing this passage?

Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageA researcher has conducted two experiments to test the rate of pinecone production in the Pinus palustris Miller (a type of pine tre e).Experiment 1P. palustris Miller seeds were collected from 5 different populations (A1, A2, A3, A4, A5) each of which was from a different site (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5).The seeds were grown under controlled conditions in a greenhouse. 300 of these seedlings from each population were chosen at random. Each set of seedlings was divided into 30 groups with 10 seedlings in each group.The seedlings were planted in marked cylindrical containers which were then placed at each of the 5 sites. Figure 1 shows the procedure for A1.Table 1 shows the number of pinecones that were produced on each tree.The researchers also collected data on the root structure of the trees. From the information they collected they came up with the following formula relating the root structure in inches to the number of pinecones produced: number of pinecones = 0.037 + 0.147 (root thickness) Statistical analysis indicated that this equation was accurate.Experiment 2P. palustris Miller seeds were collected and grown in the same manner as in Experiment 1. When the seeds had grown into seedlings, 150 containers were prepared with 5 A1 seedlings and 5 seedlings from either A2, A3, A4 or A5. Seven containers for each of the 4 combinations were planted at each site.Table 2 shows how many pinecones were produced on each A1 plant.Q.A student wanted to produce the greatest number of pinecones from 6 A1 trees, using the procedures from Experiment 2. Which plants and site should the A1 trees be combined with to achieve the desired results?

Directions: Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageHUMANITIES: William Faulkner: Great Southern AuthorBorn in Mississippi in 1897, William Faulkneris touted as the master of such revolutionary literarydevices as stream of consciousness, multiple narra-tions, and time-shifts within a narrative. During a(5) career that spanned more than three decades, Faulknerproduced literary works filled with emotional turmoiland unflinching honesty. His unique interpretation ofhistory is highlighted in the symbolism and imageryof his writing. It has also been argued that Faulkner’s(10) works are some of the best representations of SouthernGothic literature ever written.It is clear that Faulkner’s Deep South roots greatlyinfluenced his writing. He was a prolific writer whoseworks both parallel and depart from popular myths of(15) southern culture. Faulkner’s remarkable understandingof race relations and his clever satire of Southern characters stemmed from his memories of growing up inrural Mississippi. He set many of his short stories andnovels in the fictional Yoknapatawpha County, based(20) on what Faulkner referred to as “my own little postagestamp of native soil,” Lafayette County, Mississippi.It was there, immersed in traditional southern lore, thatWilliam Faulkner began to write of the great political,social, and economic transformation taking place in the(25) Deep South, depicting traditional society in timelesshuman dramas.Faulkner came from an old and relatively promi-nent Southern family. He grew up surrounded bytraditional folklore, family stories, accounts from the(30) Civil War, and lectures about being a Southern gentle-man. In his works, Faulkner examined how traditionalvalues and beliefs affected Southern society after theCivil War. Faulkner particularly abhorred the rampantracism and abuse that African Americans suffered in(35) the South. Although Faulkner’s novels do not shy awayfrom describing the brutality and anguish that life canbring, his works are filled with profound compassionand humor. Faulkner refused to avoid painful or contro-versial issues and he was intrigued with understanding(40) human freedom. His work explores, condemns, andanalyzes obstructions to human freedom and happi-ness by examining racism, shame, fear, false pride,and abstract ideals. Much of Faulkner’s exploration isdone using brilliant symbolism and exquisite dialogue.(45) For example, his novel The Sound and the Fury,published in 1929, dealt with the painful demise ofa distinguished southern family and demonstrated arich variety of literary styles, relying most heavily onstream-of-consciousness writing, in which a character’s(50) thoughts are conveyed in a manner roughly akin to theway the human mind actually works.Faulkner’s mastery of unique literary styles wasformally recognized when, much to his surprise, hewas awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1949.(55) Always his own harshest critic, William Faulkner con-sidered many of his books failures because they did notlive up to his high expectations. However, it is clear thatFaulkner’s experimental literary techniques simultane-ously perplexed and challenged his readers, who were(60) more often than not inspired by his insightful analysisof the human spirit. Faulkner continued to explorethe interconnections between his characters and theircounterparts in the real world until his death in 1962.In the months before his death, Faulkner updated(65) his will, leaving the bulk of his manuscripts to theFaulkner Foundation at the University of Virginia,where he had been appointed its first Writer-in-Residence. While the original documents are protected,electronic versions of the collection are freely available(70) to scholars of great Southern literature and others inter-ested in gaining additional insight into the life’s workof a truly revolutionary American author.Q.Which of the following best states the main purpose of the passage?

Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageA researcher has conducted two experiments to test the rate of pinecone production in the Pinus palustris Miller (a type of pine tre e).Experiment 1P. palustris Miller seeds were collected from 5 different populations (A1, A2, A3, A4, A5) each of which was from a different site (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5).The seeds were grown under controlled conditions in a greenhouse. 300 of these seedlings from each population were chosen at random. Each set of seedlings was divided into 30 groups with 10 seedlings in each group.The seedlings were planted in marked cylindrical containers which were then placed at each of the 5 sites. Figure 1 shows the procedure for A1.Table 1 shows the number of pinecones that were produced on each tree.The researchers also collected data on the root structure of the trees. From the information they collected they came up with the following formula relating the root structure in inches to the number of pinecones produced: number of pinecones = 0.037 + 0.147 (root thickness) Statistical analysis indicated that this equation was accurate.Experiment 2P. palustris Miller seeds were collected and grown in the same manner as in Experiment 1. When the seeds had grown into seedlings, 150 containers were prepared with 5 A1 seedlings and 5 seedlings from either A2, A3, A4 or A5. Seven containers for each of the 4 combinations were planted at each site.Table 2 shows how many pinecones were produced on each A1 plant.Q.In Experiment 1, A1 trees produced the largest number of pinecones at which of the following sites?

Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageA researcher has conducted two experiments to test the rate of pinecone production in the Pinus palustris Miller (a type of pine tre e).Experiment 1P. palustris Miller seeds were collected from 5 different populations (A1, A2, A3, A4, A5) each of which was from a different site (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5).The seeds were grown under controlled conditions in a greenhouse. 300 of these seedlings from each population were chosen at random. Each set of seedlings was divided into 30 groups with 10 seedlings in each group.The seedlings were planted in marked cylindrical containers which were then placed at each of the 5 sites. Figure 1 shows the procedure for A1.Table 1 shows the number of pinecones that were produced on each tree.The researchers also collected data on the root structure of the trees. From the information they collected they came up with the following formula relating the root structure in inches to the number of pinecones produced: number of pinecones = 0.037 + 0.147 (root thickness) Statistical analysis indicated that this equation was accurate.Experiment 2P. palustris Miller seeds were collected and grown in the same manner as in Experiment 1. When the seeds had grown into seedlings, 150 containers were prepared with 5 A1 seedlings and 5 seedlings from either A2, A3, A4 or A5. Seven containers for each of the 4 combinations were planted at each site.Table 2 shows how many pinecones were produced on each A1 plant.Q.In which of the following ways was Experiment 2 different from Experiment 1?

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Common Ion effect can be used in which of the following cases?a)cloth makingb)alcohol purificationc)quantitative analysisd)qualitative analysisCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Common Ion effect can be used in which of the following cases?a)cloth makingb)alcohol purificationc)quantitative analysisd)qualitative analysisCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for ACT 2025 is part of ACT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the ACT exam syllabus. Information about Common Ion effect can be used in which of the following cases?a)cloth makingb)alcohol purificationc)quantitative analysisd)qualitative analysisCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for ACT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Common Ion effect can be used in which of the following cases?a)cloth makingb)alcohol purificationc)quantitative analysisd)qualitative analysisCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
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