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The pressure in a capillary tube decreases due to which of the following:
1. frictional resistance offered by the tube wall
2. acceleration of refrigerant in the tube
3. heat transfer from the tube
4. decrease in potential energy
2. acceleration of refrigerant in the tube
3. heat transfer from the tube
4. decrease in potential energy
Q. Which of the above statements are correct?
- a)1 and 2
- b)1,2 and 3
- c)1,2 and 4
- d)1 and 4
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Most Upvoted Answer
The pressure in a capillary tube decreases due to which of the followi...
Frictional Resistance and Acceleration of Refrigerant
The correct statements are 1 and 2: frictional resistance offered by the tube wall and acceleration of refrigerant in the tube. Let's understand why these statements are correct.
1. Frictional Resistance Offered by the Tube Wall:
When a fluid flows through a capillary tube, it experiences frictional resistance due to the interaction between the fluid and the tube wall. This frictional resistance reduces the pressure of the fluid as it flows through the tube. The frictional resistance is directly proportional to the length of the tube and the viscosity of the fluid. Therefore, as the fluid travels along the capillary tube, its pressure decreases due to the frictional resistance offered by the tube wall.
2. Acceleration of Refrigerant in the Tube:
When a refrigerant flows through a capillary tube, it undergoes a sudden reduction in cross-sectional area, which leads to an increase in its velocity. This increase in velocity is a result of the conservation of mass, as the mass flow rate remains constant. According to Bernoulli's principle, an increase in fluid velocity corresponds to a decrease in fluid pressure. Therefore, the pressure of the refrigerant decreases as it accelerates through the capillary tube.
Heat Transfer from the Tube and Decrease in Potential Energy
The statements 3 and 4 are incorrect:
3. Heat Transfer from the Tube:
Heat transfer from the capillary tube does not directly affect the pressure of the fluid flowing through it. Heat transfer may cause changes in the temperature of the fluid, but it does not directly impact the pressure unless there are significant changes in density or volume.
4. Decrease in Potential Energy:
The potential energy of a fluid decreases when it flows from a higher elevation to a lower elevation. However, in the case of a capillary tube, there is no significant change in elevation. Therefore, there is no decrease in potential energy that would affect the pressure of the fluid.
Conclusion:
In summary, the correct statements are 1 and 2. The pressure in a capillary tube decreases due to the frictional resistance offered by the tube wall and the acceleration of the refrigerant in the tube. Heat transfer from the tube and decrease in potential energy do not directly affect the pressure in the capillary tube.
The correct statements are 1 and 2: frictional resistance offered by the tube wall and acceleration of refrigerant in the tube. Let's understand why these statements are correct.
1. Frictional Resistance Offered by the Tube Wall:
When a fluid flows through a capillary tube, it experiences frictional resistance due to the interaction between the fluid and the tube wall. This frictional resistance reduces the pressure of the fluid as it flows through the tube. The frictional resistance is directly proportional to the length of the tube and the viscosity of the fluid. Therefore, as the fluid travels along the capillary tube, its pressure decreases due to the frictional resistance offered by the tube wall.
2. Acceleration of Refrigerant in the Tube:
When a refrigerant flows through a capillary tube, it undergoes a sudden reduction in cross-sectional area, which leads to an increase in its velocity. This increase in velocity is a result of the conservation of mass, as the mass flow rate remains constant. According to Bernoulli's principle, an increase in fluid velocity corresponds to a decrease in fluid pressure. Therefore, the pressure of the refrigerant decreases as it accelerates through the capillary tube.
Heat Transfer from the Tube and Decrease in Potential Energy
The statements 3 and 4 are incorrect:
3. Heat Transfer from the Tube:
Heat transfer from the capillary tube does not directly affect the pressure of the fluid flowing through it. Heat transfer may cause changes in the temperature of the fluid, but it does not directly impact the pressure unless there are significant changes in density or volume.
4. Decrease in Potential Energy:
The potential energy of a fluid decreases when it flows from a higher elevation to a lower elevation. However, in the case of a capillary tube, there is no significant change in elevation. Therefore, there is no decrease in potential energy that would affect the pressure of the fluid.
Conclusion:
In summary, the correct statements are 1 and 2. The pressure in a capillary tube decreases due to the frictional resistance offered by the tube wall and the acceleration of the refrigerant in the tube. Heat transfer from the tube and decrease in potential energy do not directly affect the pressure in the capillary tube.
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