• Option A: The Indian Parliament passed the Citizenship Act in 1950, but this Act did not contain the detailed provisions regarding acquisition and termination of Indian citizenship.


• Option B: This is the correct answer. The Indian Parliament passed the Citizenship Act in 1955, which contains the detailed provisions regarding acquisition and termination of Indian citizenship.


• Option C: The British Parliament did not pass the Citizenship Act in August 1948. India gained independence from British rule in 1947, and the Indian Parliament was responsible for passing its own laws, including the Citizenship Act.


• Option D: The Constituent Assembly was responsible for drafting the Constitution of India, which was adopted in 1949. However, the detailed provisions regarding acquisition and termination of Indian citizenship were not included in the Constitution itself, but rather in the Citizenship Act passed by the Indian Parliament in 1955.

Therefore, the correct answer is B: the Indian Parliament in 1955.

The correct answer is option 'B', the Indian Parliament passed the Citizenship Act in 1955.

The Citizenship Act of India is the governing legislation that outlines the provisions for the acquisition and termination of Indian citizenship. It was passed by the Indian Parliament in 1955 and has undergone several amendments since then to reflect the changing needs and circumstances of the country.

Under the Citizenship Act, there are various ways in which a person can acquire Indian citizenship, such as by birth, descent, registration, naturalization, and incorporation of territory. Similarly, there are provisions for the termination or loss of Indian citizenship through renunciation, deprivation, and cancellation.

Let's explore the provisions of the Citizenship Act in more detail:

1. Acquisition of Indian Citizenship:
- By Birth: A person is considered an Indian citizen if they are born in India or if either of their parents is an Indian citizen.
- By Descent: A person born outside India can acquire Indian citizenship if their parents are Indian citizens.
- By Registration: Certain categories of people, such as persons of Indian origin residing overseas, can apply for Indian citizenship through registration.
- By Naturalization: Foreigners who have resided in India for a specified period and fulfill certain criteria can apply for Indian citizenship through naturalization.
- By Incorporation of Territory: When a new territory becomes part of India, the residents of that territory automatically become Indian citizens.

2. Termination of Indian Citizenship:
- Renunciation: A person who wishes to renounce Indian citizenship can do so by making a declaration to that effect.
- Deprivation: Indian citizenship can be deprived if acquired through fraudulent means or if the person engages in activities against the national interest.
- Cancellation: Indian citizenship obtained through registration or naturalization can be canceled if it was obtained by fraud, false representation, or concealment of material facts.

The Citizenship Act also includes provisions for the acquisition and termination of citizenship for certain specific groups, such as overseas citizens of India, persons of Indian origin, and those affected by the partition of India.

In conclusion, the detailed provisions regarding the acquisition and termination of Indian citizenship are contained in the Citizenship Act, which was passed by the Indian Parliament in 1955. This act provides the legal framework for determining who can become an Indian citizen and under what circumstances citizenship can be terminated.