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When a computer boots up, where are the first instructions to the computer available?
  • a)
    ROM BIOS
  • b)
    CPU
  • c)
    AUTOEXEC
  • d)
    CONFIG
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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When a computer boots up, where are the first instructions to the comp...
When a computer boots up, where are the first instructions to the computer available?

The first instructions that the computer executes during the boot up process are typically stored in the ROM BIOS (Read-Only Memory Basic Input/Output System). These instructions are responsible for initializing the hardware components and preparing the computer for operation.

Explanation:

During the boot up process, the computer follows a specific sequence of steps to start up and load the operating system. The first instructions that the computer needs to execute are stored in the ROM BIOS, which is a firmware chip located on the motherboard. Here is a detailed explanation of the boot up process:


  • Power On: The computer is powered on by pressing the power button.

  • POST (Power On Self Test): The ROM BIOS performs a series of tests to check the hardware components, including the memory, CPU, and storage devices. It ensures that all the components are functioning correctly.

  • Initialization: After the POST is completed, the ROM BIOS initializes the hardware components by configuring them and setting them to their default states.

  • Boot Device Selection: The ROM BIOS checks the boot device order specified in the BIOS settings. It looks for a bootable device, such as a hard drive or a USB drive, to load the operating system from.

  • Boot Loader: Once a bootable device is found, the ROM BIOS transfers control to the boot loader, which is a small program stored on the boot device. The boot loader is responsible for loading the operating system into memory.

  • Operating System: The boot loader loads the operating system into memory and transfers control to the kernel, which is the core of the operating system. The kernel then takes over and initializes the remaining software components.

  • Autoexec and Config: The AUTOEXEC.BAT and CONFIG.SYS files were used in the MS-DOS and early Windows operating systems to configure the system and execute specific commands during the boot up process. However, in modern operating systems, such as Windows 10, these files are no longer used.


In conclusion, the first instructions that the computer executes during the boot up process are stored in the ROM BIOS. These instructions are responsible for initializing the hardware components and starting the boot up sequence.
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When a computer boots up, where are the first instructions to the computer available?a)ROM BIOSb)CPUc)AUTOEXECd)CONFIGCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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