The permanent tilt of the Earth’s axis and the revolution of the...
The permanent tilt of the Earth’s axis and the revolution of the Earth in its orbit have several effects on our planet. Let's break down the given options and see which effects are caused by these factors:
I. Deflection of winds and ocean currents:
- The tilt of the Earth's axis causes variations in the angle at which sunlight reaches different parts of the Earth.
- This variation in solar radiation leads to differences in temperature, which in turn creates pressure gradients.
- These pressure gradients cause the movement of air masses, resulting in winds.
- Similarly, the uneven heating of the Earth's surface also leads to the movement of ocean currents.
II. Differences in time between places on different meridians:
- The Earth is divided into time zones based on the rotation of the Earth on its axis.
- As the Earth rotates, different parts of the planet experience daylight and darkness at different times.
- The time difference between places on different meridians is primarily caused by the rotation of the Earth.
III. Varying length of day and night at different times of the year:
- The tilt of the Earth's axis causes the angle at which sunlight reaches different parts of the Earth to change throughout the year.
- This change in angle leads to variations in the length of daylight and darkness at different times of the year.
- During summer, the hemisphere tilted towards the Sun experiences longer days, while the hemisphere tilted away from the Sun experiences shorter days.
IV. Changes in the altitude of the mid-day sun at different times of the year:
- The tilt of the Earth's axis also affects the altitude of the mid-day sun.
- When a hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun, the mid-day sun appears higher in the sky, resulting in a higher altitude.
- Conversely, when a hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun, the mid-day sun appears lower in the sky, resulting in a lower altitude.
Based on the above explanations, we can conclude that the permanent tilt of the Earth's axis and the revolution of the Earth in its orbit cause the following effects:
- Deflection of winds and ocean currents (I)
- Differences in time between places on different meridians (II)
- Varying length of day and night at different times of the year (III)
- Changes in the altitude of the mid-day sun at different times of the year (IV)
Therefore, the correct answer is option A: II, III, and IV.
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The permanent tilt of the Earth’s axis and the revolution of the...
Explanation:
Deflection of winds and ocean currents:
- The permanent tilt of the Earth's axis causes variations in temperature across different latitudes, leading to differences in air pressure. This pressure difference results in the deflection of winds and ocean currents, creating global wind patterns and ocean circulation systems.
Differences in time between places on different meridians:
- The Earth's revolution around the Sun causes differences in time between places on different longitudes. This is because as the Earth rotates on its axis, different parts of the Earth receive sunlight at different times, leading to variations in time zones.
Varying length of day and night at different times of the year:
- The combination of the Earth's tilt and revolution also causes variations in the length of day and night at different times of the year. During the summer solstice, the Northern Hemisphere experiences longer days and shorter nights, while during the winter solstice, the opposite occurs.
Changes in the altitude of the mid-day sun at different times of the year:
- As the Earth revolves around the Sun, the tilt of its axis causes the position of the Sun in the sky to change throughout the year. This results in changes in the altitude of the mid-day sun, leading to variations in the intensity of sunlight received at different latitudes and times of the year.