Aravallis mountain ranges: Example of old fold mountains
Explanation:
The Aravallis mountain ranges in India are an example of old fold mountains. Here is a detailed explanation:
Definition of old fold mountains:
Old fold mountains are mountain ranges that were formed millions of years ago through the process of folding and upliftment of the Earth's crust. They have undergone extensive erosion and weathering over time.
Characteristics of old fold mountains:
1. Age: Old fold mountains are typically ancient and have a long geological history.
2. Erosion: These mountains have undergone extensive erosion and weathering, resulting in a rounded and worn-out appearance.
3. Folded Structure: They display folded structures due to the compression and folding of the Earth's crust during their formation.
4. Lower Altitude: Old fold mountains are generally lower in altitude compared to young fold mountains.
5. Stable and less seismically active: These mountains have undergone tectonic stability for a long period and are less prone to seismic activity.
Aravallis mountain ranges:
1. Location: The Aravalli Range is located in western India, stretching approximately 800 km across the states of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana, and Delhi.
2. Age: The Aravallis are one of the oldest mountain ranges in the world, estimated to be around 350 million years old.
3. Structure: They exhibit a folded structure, indicating the tectonic forces that acted upon them during their formation.
4. Erosion: Over millions of years, the Aravallis have undergone substantial erosion, resulting in their current low relief and rounded appearance.
5. Biodiversity: The Aravallis are home to a diverse range of flora and fauna, making them ecologically significant.
Therefore, based on the characteristics and geological history, the Aravallis mountain ranges are a prime example of old fold mountains.