The charges developed on an object without any contact with another charge are called induced charges.



Induction:
Induction is the process of redistributing the charges within an object without any physical contact with another charged object. It occurs when a charged object is brought near a neutral object, causing the charges within the neutral object to rearrange. This redistribution of charges results in the development of charges on the neutral object, creating induced charges.

Process of Induction:
The process of induction involves the following steps:

1. Initial State: The neutral object has an equal number of positive and negative charges.

2. Charged Object Approach: A charged object is brought near the neutral object without making any physical contact.

3. Electron Movement: The presence of the charged object causes the electrons within the neutral object to redistribute. If the charged object is positively charged, the electrons in the neutral object will be attracted towards it, causing the side of the neutral object near the charged object to become negatively charged. On the other hand, if the charged object is negatively charged, the electrons in the neutral object will be repelled, causing the side of the neutral object near the charged object to become positively charged.

4. Charge Separation: As a result of the electron movement, the charges within the neutral object become separated, with one side acquiring a positive charge and the other side acquiring a negative charge. These charges are called induced charges.

5. Charged Object Removal: Once the charged object is removed, the induced charges remain on the neutral object.

Characteristics of Induced Charges:
- Induced charges are temporary and exist as long as the charged object is present.
- The induced charges are opposite in nature to the charge of the object that caused the induction.
- The magnitude of the induced charges depends on the proximity of the charged object and the ability of the neutral object to conduct electricity.

Examples:
- When a positively charged balloon is brought near a neutral wall, the wall becomes negatively charged on the side facing the balloon.
- When a negatively charged rod is brought near a neutral conducting sphere, the side of the sphere facing the rod becomes positively charged.

In conclusion, the charges developed on an object without any contact with another charge are called induced charges. Induction is the process through which these charges are formed when a charged object is brought near a neutral object.