The active site model (also called the lock and key model) of enzyme-s...
The correct answer is B. The induced fit model holds that the shape of the active site is altered during the course of substrate binding.
The active site model (lock and key model) and the induced fit model are two different models that describe the binding between an enzyme and its substrate.
The active site model proposes that the active site of the enzyme has a rigid shape that perfectly matches the shape of the substrate. It suggests that the substrate fits into the active site like a key into a lock, and the binding is based on complementary shapes.
In contrast, the induced fit model proposes that the active site of the enzyme is not fully rigid but rather dynamic. It suggests that the binding of the substrate induces a conformational change in the enzyme, leading to a more precise fit between the active site and the substrate. In other words, the shape of the active site can be altered during the course of substrate binding to accommodate the substrate more effectively.
Option A is incorrect because the induced fit model does consider the shape of the substrate as relevant to enzyme-substrate binding.
Option C is incorrect because the induced fit model does not suggest that the shape of the active site is permanently altered by substrate binding. The conformational changes are reversible, and the enzyme can return to its original shape after the substrate is released.
Option D is incorrect because the induced fit model still holds that enzyme-substrate binding takes place at the enzyme's active site. The model emphasizes that the active site undergoes changes to accommodate the substrate, but it does not suggest that binding occurs elsewhere.