Answer:
The non-metal that is commonly used as electrodes in electrolytic cells and dry cells is graphite. Graphite is a form of carbon that has a high electrical conductivity, making it suitable for use as an electrode material. It is widely used in various applications, including batteries and electrolytic cells, due to its unique properties.
Reasons why graphite is used as electrodes:
- High electrical conductivity: Graphite has a high number of delocalized electrons, which allows it to conduct electricity efficiently. This makes it ideal for use as an electrode material.
- Chemical stability: Graphite is chemically stable and resistant to corrosion, which is important for maintaining the integrity and longevity of the electrodes in electrolytic cells and dry cells.
- Low resistance: Graphite has a low resistance to the flow of electric current, reducing energy losses and ensuring efficient operation of the cells.
- Availability and cost-effectiveness: Graphite is readily available and relatively inexpensive, making it a practical choice for electrode materials in various applications.
Applications of graphite electrodes:
- Electrolytic cells: Graphite electrodes are used in electrolytic cells to facilitate chemical reactions through the conduction of electricity. These cells are commonly used in industries for processes such as electroplating, metal extraction, and electrolysis.
- Dry cells: Graphite electrodes are also used in dry cells, which are portable power sources commonly found in household batteries. The graphite electrode acts as the positive terminal and helps in the flow of electrons during the chemical reactions that generate electrical energy.
In conclusion, graphite is a non-metal that is widely used as electrodes in electrolytic cells and dry cells due to its high electrical conductivity, chemical stability, low resistance, and cost-effectiveness.