The Process of Discharging Atmospheric Electricity into the Earth by a Lightning Conductor is Called:
The correct answer is Option C: Earthing.
Here is a detailed explanation of the process:
1. Lightning Conductor:
- A lightning conductor, also known as a lightning rod or air terminal, is a metal rod or conductor installed on buildings, towers, and other structures to protect them from the damaging effects of lightning strikes.
- It is designed to provide a preferred path for the discharge of atmospheric electricity.
2. Discharging Atmospheric Electricity:
- During a lightning storm, the atmosphere becomes charged with electricity due to a difference in electrical potential between the clouds and the ground.
- Lightning is a natural discharge of this built-up electrical energy, which seeks a path of least resistance to reach the ground.
- When a lightning conductor is properly installed on a structure, it offers a low-resistance pathway for the lightning strike to follow.
3. The Process of Earthing:
- Earthing, also known as grounding, is the process of connecting the lightning conductor to the earth.
- This is achieved by burying a conductive metal rod or plate in the ground near the structure.
- The lightning conductor is then connected to this grounding system through a conductive wire.
- When a lightning strike occurs, the electrical energy is safely conducted through the lightning conductor and into the ground, effectively discharging the atmospheric electricity.
4. Importance of Lightning Conductors and Earthing:
- Lightning conductors and proper earthing systems play a crucial role in protecting structures from lightning strikes.
- Without a lightning conductor, lightning strikes can cause severe damage to buildings, electrical systems, and even pose a threat to human life.
- By providing a safe path for the discharge of atmospheric electricity, lightning conductors and earthing systems help to minimize the potential damage and danger associated with lightning strikes.
In conclusion, the process of discharging atmospheric electricity into the earth by a lightning conductor is called earthing. This process involves connecting the lightning conductor to the ground through a grounding system to safely conduct the electrical energy away from structures during a lightning strike.

D) both (b) electrical neutralization and (c) earthing