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The numbers of sigma and pi bonds in benzene are
- a)3, 3
- b)3, 6
- c)12, 3
- d)12, 6
- e)None of the above/More than one of the above
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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The numbers of sigma and pi bonds in benzene area)3, 3b)3, 6c)12, 3d)1...
Benzene has molecular formula C6H6 (see the figure).
There is presence of a double bond in between alternate carbon atoms and each carbon is attached to two carbon atoms by means of a single bond and a double bond and a hydrogen atom by a single bond.
There is presence of a double bond in between alternate carbon atoms and each carbon is attached to two carbon atoms by means of a single bond and a double bond and a hydrogen atom by a single bond.
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The numbers of sigma and pi bonds in benzene area)3, 3b)3, 6c)12, 3d)1...
Understanding Benzene's Structure
Benzene is a well-known aromatic hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C₆H₆. Its structure plays a critical role in determining the types of bonds present.
Bond Types in Benzene
- Sigma Bonds: These are single covalent bonds formed by the direct overlap of atomic orbitals.
- Pi Bonds: These are formed by the sideways overlap of p orbitals, which occurs in double or triple bonds, but in benzene, they are part of a delocalized electron system.
Counting Bonds in Benzene
1. Sigma Bonds:
- Benzene has 6 carbon atoms and each carbon atom is bonded to one hydrogen atom.
- Each C-C bond and C-H bond is a sigma bond.
- There are 6 C-C sigma bonds and 6 C-H sigma bonds.
- Therefore, the total number of sigma bonds in benzene is 6 (C-C) + 6 (C-H) = 12 sigma bonds.
2. Pi Bonds:
- Benzene has a unique resonance structure where the electrons are delocalized.
- Although benzene has three double bonds in its resonance forms, these do not count as separate pi bonds in the traditional sense.
- Instead, benzene exhibits 1.5 pi bonds per double bond due to the resonance.
- For simplicity, we can count this as 3 pi bonds overall.
Conclusion
Thus, in benzene, there are a total of 12 sigma bonds and 3 pi bonds. The correct answer to the question is:
C) 12, 3.
Benzene is a well-known aromatic hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C₆H₆. Its structure plays a critical role in determining the types of bonds present.
Bond Types in Benzene
- Sigma Bonds: These are single covalent bonds formed by the direct overlap of atomic orbitals.
- Pi Bonds: These are formed by the sideways overlap of p orbitals, which occurs in double or triple bonds, but in benzene, they are part of a delocalized electron system.
Counting Bonds in Benzene
1. Sigma Bonds:
- Benzene has 6 carbon atoms and each carbon atom is bonded to one hydrogen atom.
- Each C-C bond and C-H bond is a sigma bond.
- There are 6 C-C sigma bonds and 6 C-H sigma bonds.
- Therefore, the total number of sigma bonds in benzene is 6 (C-C) + 6 (C-H) = 12 sigma bonds.
2. Pi Bonds:
- Benzene has a unique resonance structure where the electrons are delocalized.
- Although benzene has three double bonds in its resonance forms, these do not count as separate pi bonds in the traditional sense.
- Instead, benzene exhibits 1.5 pi bonds per double bond due to the resonance.
- For simplicity, we can count this as 3 pi bonds overall.
Conclusion
Thus, in benzene, there are a total of 12 sigma bonds and 3 pi bonds. The correct answer to the question is:
C) 12, 3.
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The numbers of sigma and pi bonds in benzene area)3, 3b)3, 6c)12, 3d)12, 6e)None of the above/More than one of the aboveCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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