Tip of the match-stick contains red phosphorus.


Explanation:


The tip of a matchstick contains red phosphorus, which is a chemical compound used for its ignition properties. Here is a detailed explanation of why red phosphorus is present in the matchstick tip:
- Ignition process: When the matchstick is struck against the matchbox, the friction between the match head and the rough surface of the matchbox creates heat and ignites the match.
- Composition of matchstick tip: The tip of the matchstick consists of a mixture of red phosphorus, powdered glass, and an oxidizing agent, such as potassium chlorate. This composition is known as the match head or ignition compound.
- Red phosphorus: Red phosphorus is a less reactive and more stable form of phosphorus compared to white phosphorus. It is obtained by heating white phosphorus in the presence of a reducing agent. Red phosphorus does not ignite spontaneously in air and is therefore safer to handle.
- Role of red phosphorus: Red phosphorus acts as a catalyst during the ignition process. When the matchstick is struck, the friction generates enough heat to convert a small amount of red phosphorus into white phosphorus vapor. The white phosphorus vapor then reacts with the oxidizing agent, releasing energy in the form of heat and light, which ignites the matchstick.
- Other components: The powdered glass in the match head helps in the initial ignition by providing a rough surface for the friction. The oxidizing agent, such as potassium chlorate, provides the necessary oxygen for the combustion reaction.
In conclusion, the tip of a matchstick contains red phosphorus, which plays a crucial role in the ignition process by acting as a catalyst. The presence of red phosphorus, along with other components, allows the matchstick to ignite when struck against a rough surface.