The correct answer is C: fins and tails.
Fishes are adapted to their aquatic environment and use various structures to move efficiently in water. Here is a detailed explanation of how fishes move with the help of their fins and tails:
1. Fins:
- Fins are appendages that extend from the fish's body and aid in swimming and maneuvering.
- There are different types of fins, including dorsal fins (on the back), pectoral fins (on the sides near the head), pelvic fins (on the underside), and anal fins (near the tail).
- Each fin has a specific function:
- Dorsal fins provide stability and prevent rolling over.
- Pectoral fins control the direction of movement and provide lift.
- Pelvic fins provide stability and assist in turning.
- Anal fins also contribute to stability and help in steering.
2. Tails:
- The tail, also known as the caudal fin, is the main propulsive structure for fish locomotion.
- The shape and movement of the tail vary among different fish species, allowing them to swim efficiently in different environments.
- The tail consists of two lobes: the upper lobe (dorsal) and the lower lobe (ventral).
- The upper lobe generates downward force, while the lower lobe generates upward force, creating a forward thrust that propels the fish through the water.
Summary:
Fishes move with the help of their fins and tails. Fins provide stability, control direction, and assist in maneuvering, while the tail is the main propulsive structure that generates thrust for forward movement. Understanding the functions of these appendages helps fish to swim effectively and navigate their aquatic habitats.