Introduction:
In the poem "In the Kingdom of Fools" by A.K. Ramanujan, the kingdom is depicted as a land ruled by foolishness and absurdity. The poem raises the question of who is responsible for creating such a kingdom - the king, his minister, or the people themselves.

The King:
The king in the poem is portrayed as someone who is foolish and easily deceived. He falls for the false claims made by his minister and believes that he can see the nonexistent clothes. The king's lack of critical thinking and gullibility contribute to the creation of the kingdom of fools. However, it is important to note that the king's actions are influenced by the manipulation of his minister.

The Minister:
The minister in the poem is cunning and manipulative. He takes advantage of the king's foolishness to gain power and control over the kingdom. The minister convinces the king that only wise and intelligent people can see the clothes, thereby creating a false sense of superiority among the citizens. The minister's deceitful actions contribute significantly to the establishment of the kingdom of fools.

The People:
The people in the kingdom are depicted as easily influenced and blinded by their desire to be seen as wise. They pretend to see the nonexistent clothes out of fear of being labeled as foolish. The citizens play an active role in perpetuating the illusion of the kingdom of fools by participating in the collective delusion. Their desire to conform to societal expectations and avoid being ostracized leads to the creation and maintenance of the kingdom.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the kingdom of fools in the poem "In the Kingdom of Fools" is a result of the collective actions of the king, his minister, and the people themselves. While the king's gullibility and the minister's manipulation are significant factors, the people's willingness to play along and conform to the illusion ultimately sustains the kingdom. The poem serves as a critique of blind conformity and the consequences of unchecked foolishness in society.