At the magnetic pole, the cosmic radiation strength is at its lowest:a)Equatorb)North polec)South poled)Tropic of cancerCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

EduRev

All Courses

Explore Courses UPSC Exam UPSC Test Series Free Notes EduRev Infinity

Open App

ACT Exam > ACT Questions > At the magnetic pole, the cosmic radiation st...

At the magnetic pole, the cosmic radiation strength is at its lowest:

a)
Equator
b)
North pole
c)
South pole
d)
Tropic of cancer

Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Join for Free

Join for Free

Verified Answer

At the magnetic pole, the cosmic radiation strength is at its lowest:a...

The intensity of ionising cosmic rays is higher in the polls than in equatorial regions due to the Earth’s magnetic field structure. This is due to the Earth’s field lines guiding cosmic rays to the poles. The flow of cosmic ray strength changes with altitude as well. After that first collision, the placed beneath flow peaks at 16 km height.

View all questions of this test

View all answers Start learning for free

Explore Courses for ACT exam

Similar ACT Doubts

Magnets and electric charges show certain similarities. For example, both magnets and electric charges can exert a force on their surroundings. This force, when produced by a magnet, is called a magnetic field. When it is produced by an electric charge, the force is called an electric field. It has been observed that the strength of both magnetic fields and electric fields is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between a magnet or an electric charge and the objects that they affect.Below, three scientists debate the relationship between electricity and magnetism.Scientist 1:Electricity and magnetism are two different phenomena. Materials such as iron, cobalt, and nickel contain magnetic domains: tiny regions of magnetism, each with two poles. Normally, the domains have a random orientation and are not aligned, so the magnetism of some domains cancels out that of other domains; however, in magnets, domains line up in the same direction, creating the two poles of the magnet and causing magnetic behavior.In contrast, electricity is a moving electric charge which is caused by the flow of electrons through a material. Electrons flow through a material from a region of higher potential (more negative charg e) to a region of lower potential (more positive charge). We can measure this flow of electrons as current, which refers to the amount of charge transferred over a period of time.Scientist 2:Electricity and magnetism are similar phenomena; however, one cannot be reduced to the other. Electricity involves two types of charges: positive and negative charge. Though electricity can occur in a moving form (in the form of current, or an electric charge moving through a wire), it can also occur in a static form. Static electricity involves no moving charge. Instead, objects can have a net excess of positive charge or a net excess of negative charge—because of having lost or gained electrons, respectively. When two static positive electric charges or two static negative electric charges are brought close together, they repel each other. However, when a positive and a negative static charge are brought together, they attract each other.Similarly, all magnets have two poles. Magnetic poles that are alike repel each other, while dissimilar magnetic poles attract each other. Magnets and static electric charges are alike in that they both show attraction and repulsion in similar circumstances. However, while isolated static electric charges occur in nature, there are no single, isolated magnetic poles. All magnets have two poles, which cannot be dissociated from each other.Scientist 3:Electricity and magnetism are two aspects of the same phenomenon. A moving flow of electrons creates a magnetic field around it. Thus, wherever an electric current exists, a magnetic field will also exist. The magnetic field created by an electric current is perpendicular to the electric currents direction of flow.Additionally, a magnetic field can induce an electric current. This can happen when a wire is moved across a magnetic field, or when a magnetic field is moved near a conductive wire. Because magnetic fields can produce electric fields and electric fields can produce magnetic fields, we can understand electricity and magnetism as parts of one phenomenon: electromagnetism.Q.In a compass, a needle spins to align North-South, following the Earths magnetic field. Suppose that a compass is placed near wire through which an electric current flows, and it is observed that the needle of the compass no longer aligns to North-South. How would this affect the arguments of Scientist 2 and Scientist 3?

View answer

Magnets and electric charges show certain similarities. For example, both magnets and electric charges can exert a force on their surroundings. This force, when produced by a magnet, is called a magnetic field. When it is produced by an electric charge, the force is called an electric field. It has been observed that the strength of both magnetic fields and electric fields is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between a magnet or an electric charge and the objects that they affect.Below, three scientists debate the relationship between electricity and magnetism.Scientist 1:Electricity and magnetism are two different phenomena. Materials such as iron, cobalt, and nickel contain magnetic domains: tiny regions of magnetism, each with two poles. Normally, the domains have a random orientation and are not aligned, so the magnetism of some domains cancels out that of other domains; however, in magnets, domains line up in the same direction, creating the two poles of the magnet and causing magnetic behavior.In contrast, electricity is a moving electric charge which is caused by the flow of electrons through a material. Electrons flow through a material from a region of higher potential (more negative charg e) to a region of lower potential (more positive charge). We can measure this flow of electrons as current, which refers to the amount of charge transferred over a period of time.Scientist 2:Electricity and magnetism are similar phenomena; however, one cannot be reduced to the other. Electricity involves two types of charges: positive and negative charge. Though electricity can occur in a moving form (in the form of current, or an electric charge moving through a wire), it can also occur in a static form. Static electricity involves no moving charge. Instead, objects can have a net excess of positive charge or a net excess of negative charge—because of having lost or gained electrons, respectively. When two static positive electric charges or two static negative electric charges are brought close together, they repel each other. However, when a positive and a negative static charge are brought together, they attract each other.Similarly, all magnets have two poles. Magnetic poles that are alike repel each other, while dissimilar magnetic poles attract each other. Magnets and static electric charges are alike in that they both show attraction and repulsion in similar circumstances. However, while isolated static electric charges occur in nature, there are no single, isolated magnetic poles. All magnets have two poles, which cannot be dissociated from each other.Scientist 3:Electricity and magnetism are two aspects of the same phenomenon. A moving flow of electrons creates a magnetic field around it. Thus, wherever an electric current exists, a magnetic field will also exist. The magnetic field created by an electric current is perpendicular to the electric currents direction of flow.Additionally, a magnetic field can induce an electric current. This can happen when a wire is moved across a magnetic field, or when a magnetic field is moved near a conductive wire. Because magnetic fields can produce electric fields and electric fields can produce magnetic fields, we can understand electricity and magnetism as parts of one phenomenon: electromagnetism.Q.In an experiment, an iron bar that showed no magnetism was heated and allowed to cool while aligned North-South with the Earths magnetic field. After it cooled, the iron bar was found to be magnetic. Scientist 1 would most likely explain this result by saying which of the following?

View answer

Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageThe Earth’s magnetic ﬁeld is one of its most signiﬁcant natural phenomena. For centuries, the ﬁeld has been used to aid navigation and exploration, and has been vital to many major discoveries. The magnetic ﬁeld of the Earth extends several thousands of miles into space. It has the effect of shielding the Earth from solar wind, protecting the planet from dangerous high-energy particles and radiation. The exact source of the Earth’s magnetic ﬁeld is not certain. The following two Scientists attempt to explain the phenomenon.Scientist 1The Earth’s magnetic ﬁeld is similar to that of a bar magnet tilted 11 degrees from the spin axis of the Earth.The magnetic ﬁeld of a bar magnet, or any other type of permanent magnet, is created by the coordinated motions of electrons within iron atoms. It is widely accepted that the Earth’s core consists of metals. The inner core is 70% as wide as the moon and consists of a solid iron ball, which would exhibit properties of ferromagnetism (the natural magnetic tendency of iron). The core has its own rotation and is surrounded by a “sea” of molten rock. The magnetic ﬁeld grows and wanes, and the Earth’s poles drift and occasionally ﬂip as the rotation of the core changes. The poles of the magnetic ﬁeld have “ﬂipped” many times due to the ﬂuctuations in the rotation of the solid inner core. Other ﬂuctuations in the magnetic ﬁeld that can occur on a daily basis are largely the result of interference by solar wind.Scientist 2The Earth’s magnetic ﬁeld is attributed to a dynamo effect of circulating electric current in the molten outer core. Electric currents cause magnetic ﬁelds; therefore, the circulating electric currents in the Earth’s molten metallic core are the origin of the magnetic ﬁeld. When conducting ﬂuid ﬂows across an existing magnetic ﬁeld, electric currents are induced, creating another magnetic ﬁeld. When this magnetic ﬁeld reinforces the original magnetic ﬁeld, a dynamo is created which sustains itself.Sitting atop the hot, iron inner core, the Earth’s molten outer core churns and moves. The outer core also has cyclones or whirlpools powered by the Coriolis effects of Earth’s rotation. These complex and unpredictable motions generate the ﬂuctuating magnetic ﬁeld. The outer core is seething, swirling, and turbulent, which has been detected by the constant changes and reversals in polarity throughout the planet’s history. Further, iron has a special characteristic.When it is hotter than 1043 K, its Curie temperature, iron loses its magnetic properties. Therefore the Earth’s magnetic ﬁeld is caused not by magnetised iron deposits, but mostly by electric currents in the liquid outer core.Q.A scientiﬁc article stated, “Since 1848, when the strength of the Earth’s magnetic ﬁeld was ﬁrst measured, the ﬁeld has lost 10% of its strength.” Which of the scientists’ viewpoints, if any, is (ar e) in agreement with this statement?

View answer

Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageThe Earth’s magnetic ﬁeld is one of its most signiﬁcant natural phenomena. For centuries, the ﬁeld has been used to aid navigation and exploration, and has been vital to many major discoveries. The magnetic ﬁeld of the Earth extends several thousands of miles into space. It has the effect of shielding the Earth from solar wind, protecting the planet from dangerous high-energy particles and radiation. The exact source of the Earth’s magnetic ﬁeld is not certain. The following two Scientists attempt to explain the phenomenon.Scientist 1The Earth’s magnetic ﬁeld is similar to that of a bar magnet tilted 11 degrees from the spin axis of the Earth.The magnetic ﬁeld of a bar magnet, or any other type of permanent magnet, is created by the coordinated motions of electrons within iron atoms. It is widely accepted that the Earth’s core consists of metals. The inner core is 70% as wide as the moon and consists of a solid iron ball, which would exhibit properties of ferromagnetism (the natural magnetic tendency of iron). The core has its own rotation and is surrounded by a “sea” of molten rock. The magnetic ﬁeld grows and wanes, and the Earth’s poles drift and occasionally ﬂip as the rotation of the core changes. The poles of the magnetic ﬁeld have “ﬂipped” many times due to the ﬂuctuations in the rotation of the solid inner core. Other ﬂuctuations in the magnetic ﬁeld that can occur on a daily basis are largely the result of interference by solar wind.Scientist 2The Earth’s magnetic ﬁeld is attributed to a dynamo effect of circulating electric current in the molten outer core. Electric currents cause magnetic ﬁelds; therefore, the circulating electric currents in the Earth’s molten metallic core are the origin of the magnetic ﬁeld. When conducting ﬂuid ﬂows across an existing magnetic ﬁeld, electric currents are induced, creating another magnetic ﬁeld. When this magnetic ﬁeld reinforces the original magnetic ﬁeld, a dynamo is created which sustains itself.Sitting atop the hot, iron inner core, the Earth’s molten outer core churns and moves. The outer core also has cyclones or whirlpools powered by the Coriolis effects of Earth’s rotation. These complex and unpredictable motions generate the ﬂuctuating magnetic ﬁeld. The outer core is seething, swirling, and turbulent, which has been detected by the constant changes and reversals in polarity throughout the planet’s history. Further, iron has a special characteristic.When it is hotter than 1043 K, its Curie temperature, iron loses its magnetic properties. Therefore the Earth’s magnetic ﬁeld is caused not by magnetised iron deposits, but mostly by electric currents in the liquid outer core.Q.Scientists 1 and 2 would most likely disagree about which of the following statements?

View answer

Directions:Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageThe Earth’s magnetic ﬁeld is one of its most signiﬁcant natural phenomena. For centuries, the ﬁeld has been used to aid navigation and exploration, and has been vital to many major discoveries. The magnetic ﬁeld of the Earth extends several thousands of miles into space. It has the effect of shielding the Earth from solar wind, protecting the planet from dangerous high-energy particles and radiation. The exact source of the Earth’s magnetic ﬁeld is not certain. The following two Scientists attempt to explain the phenomenon.Scientist 1The Earth’s magnetic ﬁeld is similar to that of a bar magnet tilted 11 degrees from the spin axis of the Earth.The magnetic ﬁeld of a bar magnet, or any other type of permanent magnet, is created by the coordinated motions of electrons within iron atoms. It is widely accepted that the Earth’s core consists of metals. The inner core is 70% as wide as the moon and consists of a solid iron ball, which would exhibit properties of ferromagnetism (the natural magnetic tendency of iron). The core has its own rotation and is surrounded by a “sea” of molten rock. The magnetic ﬁeld grows and wanes, and the Earth’s poles drift and occasionally ﬂip as the rotation of the core changes. The poles of the magnetic ﬁeld have “ﬂipped” many times due to the ﬂuctuations in the rotation of the solid inner core. Other ﬂuctuations in the magnetic ﬁeld that can occur on a daily basis are largely the result of interference by solar wind.Scientist 2The Earth’s magnetic ﬁeld is attributed to a dynamo effect of circulating electric current in the molten outer core. Electric currents cause magnetic ﬁelds; therefore, the circulating electric currents in the Earth’s molten metallic core are the origin of the magnetic ﬁeld. When conducting ﬂuid ﬂows across an existing magnetic ﬁeld, electric currents are induced, creating another magnetic ﬁeld. When this magnetic ﬁeld reinforces the original magnetic ﬁeld, a dynamo is created which sustains itself.Sitting atop the hot, iron inner core, the Earth’s molten outer core churns and moves. The outer core also has cyclones or whirlpools powered by the Coriolis effects of Earth’s rotation. These complex and unpredictable motions generate the ﬂuctuating magnetic ﬁeld. The outer core is seething, swirling, and turbulent, which has been detected by the constant changes and reversals in polarity throughout the planet’s history. Further, iron has a special characteristic.When it is hotter than 1043 K, its Curie temperature, iron loses its magnetic properties. Therefore the Earth’s magnetic ﬁeld is caused not by magnetised iron deposits, but mostly by electric currents in the liquid outer core.Q.Researchers notice that volcanic rocks exhibit regular and predictable variations in their magnetic properties depending on their age. Which of the following statements about the variations would both scientists most likely agree with?

View answer

Top Courses for ACTView all

ACT Mock Test Series 2025

Biology for ACT

How to Prepare for ACT

Mathematics for ACT

Chemistry for ACT