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Around the world, neo-liberalism has been imposed by powerful financial institutions. Which of the following is one of such institutions?
  • a)
    International Labour Organization (ILO)
  • b)
    United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
  • c)
    Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)
  • d)
    BRICS
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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Around the world, neo-liberalism has been imposed by powerful financia...
The correct answer is option 3, Inter-American Development Bank (IDB).
  • The IDB is a financial institution that provides loans and grants to countries in Latin America and the Caribbean for development projects.
  • It was established in 1959 and is headquartered in Washington, D.C. The IDB promotes neo-liberal policies such as free trade, privatization, and deregulation in the region.
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Around the world, neo-liberalism has been imposed by powerful financia...
Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)
The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) is one of the powerful financial institutions that have played a significant role in promoting neo-liberal policies around the world. The IDB was established in 1959 and is the largest source of development financing for Latin America and the Caribbean.

Role in imposing neo-liberalism
1. Structural Adjustment Programs: The IDB, like other financial institutions, has often imposed Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) on borrowing countries. These programs typically include policies such as privatization, deregulation, and austerity measures, which are key tenets of neo-liberalism.
2. Conditionalities: In exchange for loans and financial assistance, the IDB imposes strict conditionalities on borrowing countries, requiring them to implement neo-liberal reforms. This can often lead to negative social and economic consequences for the most vulnerable populations.
3. Promotion of market-oriented policies: The IDB has been instrumental in promoting market-oriented policies in the region, advocating for free trade agreements, financial liberalization, and other measures that align with neo-liberal principles.
4. Influence on policy-making: The IDB's influence extends beyond financial assistance, as it often plays a role in shaping economic policies and priorities in borrowing countries. This influence can further entrench neo-liberal ideology in these nations.
In conclusion, the Inter-American Development Bank is a powerful financial institution that has been instrumental in promoting neo-liberalism through its lending practices, conditionalities, and advocacy for market-oriented policies.
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Directions: Read the given passage carefully and answer the following question:Heritage conservation practices improved worldwide after the International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM) was established with UNESCO’s assistance in 1959. The inter-governmental organisation with 126 member states has done a commendable job by training more than 4,000 professionals, providing practice standards, and sharing technical expertise. In this golden jubilee year, as we acknowledge its key role in global conservation, an assessment of international practices would be meaningful to the Indian conservation movement. Consistent investment, rigorous attention, and dedicated research and dissemination are some of the positive lessons to imbibe. Countries such as Italy have demonstrated that prioritising heritage with significant budget provision pays. On the other hand, India, which is no less endowed in terms of cultural capital, has a long way to go. Surveys indicate that in addition to the 6,600 protected monuments, there are over 60,000 equally valuable heritage structures that await attention. Besides the small group in the service of Archaeological Survey of India, there are only about 150 trained conservation professionals. In order to overcome this severe shortage, the emphasis has been on setting up dedicated labs and training institutions. It would make much better sense for conservation to be made part of mainstream research and engineering institutes, as has been done in Europe.Increasing funding and building institutions are the relatively easy part. The real challenge is to redefine international approaches to address local contexts. Conservation cannot limit itself to enhancing the art-historical value of the heritage structures, which international charters perhaps overemphasise. The effort has to be broad-based: It must also serve as a means to improving the quality of life in the area where the heritage structures are located. The first task, therefore, is to integrate conservation efforts with sound development plans that take care of people living in the heritage vicinity. Unlike in western countries, many traditional building crafts survive in India, and conservation practices offer an avenue to support them. This has been acknowledged by the Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage charter for conservation but is yet to receive substantial state support. More strength for heritage conservation can be mobilised by aligning it with the green building movement. Heritage structures are essentially eco-friendly and conservation could become a vital part of the sustainable building practices campaign in future.Q.The inter-government organisation was appreciated because of

Directions: Read the given passage carefully and answer the following question:Heritage conservation practices improved worldwide after the International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM) was established with UNESCO’s assistance in 1959. The inter-governmental organisation with 126 member states has done a commendable job by training more than 4,000 professionals, providing practice standards, and sharing technical expertise. In this golden jubilee year, as we acknowledge its key role in global conservation, an assessment of international practices would be meaningful to the Indian conservation movement. Consistent investment, rigorous attention, and dedicated research and dissemination are some of the positive lessons to imbibe. Countries such as Italy have demonstrated that prioritising heritage with significant budget provision pays. On the other hand, India, which is no less endowed in terms of cultural capital, has a long way to go. Surveys indicate that in addition to the 6,600 protected monuments, there are over 60,000 equally valuable heritage structures that await attention. Besides the small group in the service of Archaeological Survey of India, there are only about 150 trained conservation professionals. In order to overcome this severe shortage, the emphasis has been on setting up dedicated labs and training institutions. It would make much better sense for conservation to be made part of mainstream research and engineering institutes, as has been done in Europe.Increasing funding and building institutions are the relatively easy part. The real challenge is to redefine international approaches to address local contexts. Conservation cannot limit itself to enhancing the art-historical value of the heritage structures, which international charters perhaps overemphasise. The effort has to be broad-based: It must also serve as a means to improving the quality of life in the area where the heritage structures are located. The first task, therefore, is to integrate conservation efforts with sound development plans that take care of people living in the heritage vicinity. Unlike in western countries, many traditional building crafts survive in India, and conservation practices offer an avenue to support them. This has been acknowledged by the Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage charter for conservation but is yet to receive substantial state support. More strength for heritage conservation can be mobilised by aligning it with the green building movement. Heritage structures are essentially eco-friendly and conservation could become a vital part of the sustainable building practices campaign in future.Q.Which of the following statements best describe(s) the major challenge faced in the implementation of international conservation policies?

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Around the world, neo-liberalism has been imposed by powerful financial institutions. Which of the following is one of such institutions?a)International Labour Organization (ILO)b)United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)c)Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)d)BRICSCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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