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DNA methylation plays an important role in transcription regulation in vertebrates. There is an inverse correlation between the level of DNA
methylation
in the vicinity of a gene and its transcription rate, whereas there is a direct correlation between histone deacetylation and increased transcription.
Thalassemia is a common genetic disorder of hemoglobin
chain synthesis in humans. If these patients can synthesize hemoglobin-F, instead of hemoglobin
chain in its place they would notably be benefited. Administration of 5-azacytidine to beta-thalassemia patients increases hemoglobin F level in the erythrocytes and thus benefit the patients. Which one of the following statements about 5-azacytidine Is not correct
- a)Cells exposed to 5-azacytidine Incorporate it into DNA in place of cytidine.
- b)5-azacytidine decreases DNA methylation
- c)5-azacytidine promotes histone acetylation
- d).5-azacytidine does not promote gene expression
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
DNA methylation plays an important role in transcription regulation in...
Concept:
- It is well known that DNA methylation and histone deacetylation both repress gene transcription.
- When histones are acetylated, their electrostatic interactions with DNA become weaker, resulting in relaxed chromatin, which upregulates transcription; the opposite happens when histones are deacetylated by HDAC.
- Research has explored the crosstalk between these 2 epigenetic activities, to reveal how one process affects the other, and herein, we present examples of how they work to regulate gene transcription.
Explanation:
- Thalassemia, a monogenic hematologic disease, is characterized by quantitative abnormalities in the globin chain of hemoglobin (Hb)—the oxygen-carrying component of red blood cells (RBCs).
- Adult HbA is a tetramer consisting of two alpha and two beta subunits (α2β2). Lacking these globin chains results in α– and β–thalassemia, respectively.
- In α–thalassemia, deletions of the α–globin gene are the leading cause of the disease, while point mutations in the β–globin gene mainly occur in β–thalassemia.
- The deficiency of either α– or β–globin chains results in the inability of RBCs to form properly, so they cannot carry sufficient oxygen.
- 5-Azacytidine is a cytidine analogue that is capable of activating repressed genes in tissue-culture cells and has been shown to increase hemoglobin-F production in anemic baboons.
- 5-Azacytidine selectivity increases gamma-globin synthesis and therefore provides a new approach to the treatment of severe beta-thalassemia.
- DNA hypomethylation and histone acetylation are effective in inducing γ–globin expression.
- Hypomethylation was associated with high levels of HbF.
- Thus, this finding has increased our understanding of the association between methylation patterns and γ–globin expression in β0 thalassemia patients.
- DNA methylation changes at the β-globin locus and a switch from fetal to adult hemoglobin production characterize this transition.
Option 1:
Cells exposed to 5-azacytidine Incorporate it into DNA in place of cytidine.
- Consider the explanation above thus this option is not true, as5-azacytidine is acytidine analoguenot a DNA intercalating agent
Option 2:
5-azacytidine decreases DNA methylation
- Consider the explanation above thus this option is not true
Option 3:
5-azacytidine promotes histone acetylation
Consider the explanation above thus this option is true, 5-Azacytidine selectivity increases gamma-globin synthesis
Option 4:
.
5-azacytidine does not promote gene expression
- Consider the explanation above thus this option is not true
H
ence the correct answer is option 3
Most Upvoted Answer
DNA methylation plays an important role in transcription regulation in...
Understanding 5-Azacytidine and Its Effects
5-Azacytidine is a nucleoside analog that has significant implications in gene regulation and therapy, particularly in conditions like β-thalassemia.
Mechanism of Action
- 5-Azacytidine is incorporated into DNA in place of cytidine.
- Once incorporated, it inhibits DNA methyltransferases, leading to decreased DNA methylation levels.
Effects on Gene Expression
- The reduction in DNA methylation typically results in the activation of silenced genes, which can include those responsible for producing fetal hemoglobin (HbF).
- This activation can increase the levels of HbF in erythrocytes, providing therapeutic benefits to β-thalassemia patients.
Histone Acetylation
- While 5-azacytidine affects DNA methylation, it does not directly promote histone acetylation.
- Histone acetylation is a separate process that involves the addition of acetyl groups to histones, leading to an open chromatin structure and increased gene expression.
- The statement that 5-azacytidine promotes histone acetylation is incorrect.
Conclusion
- The correct answer is option 'C' because, although 5-azacytidine reduces DNA methylation and can lead to increased gene expression, it does not directly promote histone acetylation.
- Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for utilizing 5-azacytidine effectively in therapeutic contexts, especially in disorders like β-thalassemia.
5-Azacytidine is a nucleoside analog that has significant implications in gene regulation and therapy, particularly in conditions like β-thalassemia.
Mechanism of Action
- 5-Azacytidine is incorporated into DNA in place of cytidine.
- Once incorporated, it inhibits DNA methyltransferases, leading to decreased DNA methylation levels.
Effects on Gene Expression
- The reduction in DNA methylation typically results in the activation of silenced genes, which can include those responsible for producing fetal hemoglobin (HbF).
- This activation can increase the levels of HbF in erythrocytes, providing therapeutic benefits to β-thalassemia patients.
Histone Acetylation
- While 5-azacytidine affects DNA methylation, it does not directly promote histone acetylation.
- Histone acetylation is a separate process that involves the addition of acetyl groups to histones, leading to an open chromatin structure and increased gene expression.
- The statement that 5-azacytidine promotes histone acetylation is incorrect.
Conclusion
- The correct answer is option 'C' because, although 5-azacytidine reduces DNA methylation and can lead to increased gene expression, it does not directly promote histone acetylation.
- Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for utilizing 5-azacytidine effectively in therapeutic contexts, especially in disorders like β-thalassemia.
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DNA methylation plays an important role in transcription regulation in vertebrates. There is an inverse correlation between the level of DNA methylation in the vicinity of a gene and its transcription rate, whereas there is a direct correlation between histone deacetylation and increased transcription. β-Thalassemia is a common genetic disorder of hemoglobin β-chain synthesis in humans. If these patients can synthesize hemoglobin-F, instead of hemoglobinβ-chain in its place they would notably be benefited. Administration of 5-azacytidine to beta-thalassemia patients increases hemoglobin F level in the erythrocytes and thus benefit the patients. Which one of the following statements about 5-azacytidine Is not correct a)Cells exposed to 5-azacytidine Incorporate it into DNA in place of cytidine.b)5-azacytidine decreases DNA methylationc)5-azacytidine promotes histone acetylationd). 5-azacytidine does not promote gene expressionCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Question Description
DNA methylation plays an important role in transcription regulation in vertebrates. There is an inverse correlation between the level of DNA methylation in the vicinity of a gene and its transcription rate, whereas there is a direct correlation between histone deacetylation and increased transcription. β-Thalassemia is a common genetic disorder of hemoglobin β-chain synthesis in humans. If these patients can synthesize hemoglobin-F, instead of hemoglobinβ-chain in its place they would notably be benefited. Administration of 5-azacytidine to beta-thalassemia patients increases hemoglobin F level in the erythrocytes and thus benefit the patients. Which one of the following statements about 5-azacytidine Is not correct a)Cells exposed to 5-azacytidine Incorporate it into DNA in place of cytidine.b)5-azacytidine decreases DNA methylationc)5-azacytidine promotes histone acetylationd). 5-azacytidine does not promote gene expressionCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? for Software Development 2025 is part of Software Development preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Software Development exam syllabus. Information about DNA methylation plays an important role in transcription regulation in vertebrates. There is an inverse correlation between the level of DNA methylation in the vicinity of a gene and its transcription rate, whereas there is a direct correlation between histone deacetylation and increased transcription. β-Thalassemia is a common genetic disorder of hemoglobin β-chain synthesis in humans. If these patients can synthesize hemoglobin-F, instead of hemoglobinβ-chain in its place they would notably be benefited. Administration of 5-azacytidine to beta-thalassemia patients increases hemoglobin F level in the erythrocytes and thus benefit the patients. Which one of the following statements about 5-azacytidine Is not correct a)Cells exposed to 5-azacytidine Incorporate it into DNA in place of cytidine.b)5-azacytidine decreases DNA methylationc)5-azacytidine promotes histone acetylationd). 5-azacytidine does not promote gene expressionCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Software Development 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for DNA methylation plays an important role in transcription regulation in vertebrates. There is an inverse correlation between the level of DNA methylation in the vicinity of a gene and its transcription rate, whereas there is a direct correlation between histone deacetylation and increased transcription. β-Thalassemia is a common genetic disorder of hemoglobin β-chain synthesis in humans. If these patients can synthesize hemoglobin-F, instead of hemoglobinβ-chain in its place they would notably be benefited. Administration of 5-azacytidine to beta-thalassemia patients increases hemoglobin F level in the erythrocytes and thus benefit the patients. Which one of the following statements about 5-azacytidine Is not correct a)Cells exposed to 5-azacytidine Incorporate it into DNA in place of cytidine.b)5-azacytidine decreases DNA methylationc)5-azacytidine promotes histone acetylationd). 5-azacytidine does not promote gene expressionCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?.
DNA methylation plays an important role in transcription regulation in vertebrates. There is an inverse correlation between the level of DNA methylation in the vicinity of a gene and its transcription rate, whereas there is a direct correlation between histone deacetylation and increased transcription. β-Thalassemia is a common genetic disorder of hemoglobin β-chain synthesis in humans. If these patients can synthesize hemoglobin-F, instead of hemoglobinβ-chain in its place they would notably be benefited. Administration of 5-azacytidine to beta-thalassemia patients increases hemoglobin F level in the erythrocytes and thus benefit the patients. Which one of the following statements about 5-azacytidine Is not correct a)Cells exposed to 5-azacytidine Incorporate it into DNA in place of cytidine.b)5-azacytidine decreases DNA methylationc)5-azacytidine promotes histone acetylationd). 5-azacytidine does not promote gene expressionCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? for Software Development 2025 is part of Software Development preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Software Development exam syllabus. Information about DNA methylation plays an important role in transcription regulation in vertebrates. There is an inverse correlation between the level of DNA methylation in the vicinity of a gene and its transcription rate, whereas there is a direct correlation between histone deacetylation and increased transcription. β-Thalassemia is a common genetic disorder of hemoglobin β-chain synthesis in humans. If these patients can synthesize hemoglobin-F, instead of hemoglobinβ-chain in its place they would notably be benefited. Administration of 5-azacytidine to beta-thalassemia patients increases hemoglobin F level in the erythrocytes and thus benefit the patients. Which one of the following statements about 5-azacytidine Is not correct a)Cells exposed to 5-azacytidine Incorporate it into DNA in place of cytidine.b)5-azacytidine decreases DNA methylationc)5-azacytidine promotes histone acetylationd). 5-azacytidine does not promote gene expressionCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Software Development 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for DNA methylation plays an important role in transcription regulation in vertebrates. There is an inverse correlation between the level of DNA methylation in the vicinity of a gene and its transcription rate, whereas there is a direct correlation between histone deacetylation and increased transcription. β-Thalassemia is a common genetic disorder of hemoglobin β-chain synthesis in humans. If these patients can synthesize hemoglobin-F, instead of hemoglobinβ-chain in its place they would notably be benefited. Administration of 5-azacytidine to beta-thalassemia patients increases hemoglobin F level in the erythrocytes and thus benefit the patients. Which one of the following statements about 5-azacytidine Is not correct a)Cells exposed to 5-azacytidine Incorporate it into DNA in place of cytidine.b)5-azacytidine decreases DNA methylationc)5-azacytidine promotes histone acetylationd). 5-azacytidine does not promote gene expressionCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?.
Solutions for DNA methylation plays an important role in transcription regulation in vertebrates. There is an inverse correlation between the level of DNA methylation in the vicinity of a gene and its transcription rate, whereas there is a direct correlation between histone deacetylation and increased transcription. β-Thalassemia is a common genetic disorder of hemoglobin β-chain synthesis in humans. If these patients can synthesize hemoglobin-F, instead of hemoglobinβ-chain in its place they would notably be benefited. Administration of 5-azacytidine to beta-thalassemia patients increases hemoglobin F level in the erythrocytes and thus benefit the patients. Which one of the following statements about 5-azacytidine Is not correct a)Cells exposed to 5-azacytidine Incorporate it into DNA in place of cytidine.b)5-azacytidine decreases DNA methylationc)5-azacytidine promotes histone acetylationd). 5-azacytidine does not promote gene expressionCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for Software Development.
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Here you can find the meaning of DNA methylation plays an important role in transcription regulation in vertebrates. There is an inverse correlation between the level of DNA methylation in the vicinity of a gene and its transcription rate, whereas there is a direct correlation between histone deacetylation and increased transcription. β-Thalassemia is a common genetic disorder of hemoglobin β-chain synthesis in humans. If these patients can synthesize hemoglobin-F, instead of hemoglobinβ-chain in its place they would notably be benefited. Administration of 5-azacytidine to beta-thalassemia patients increases hemoglobin F level in the erythrocytes and thus benefit the patients. Which one of the following statements about 5-azacytidine Is not correct a)Cells exposed to 5-azacytidine Incorporate it into DNA in place of cytidine.b)5-azacytidine decreases DNA methylationc)5-azacytidine promotes histone acetylationd). 5-azacytidine does not promote gene expressionCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of
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ample number of questions to practice DNA methylation plays an important role in transcription regulation in vertebrates. There is an inverse correlation between the level of DNA methylation in the vicinity of a gene and its transcription rate, whereas there is a direct correlation between histone deacetylation and increased transcription. β-Thalassemia is a common genetic disorder of hemoglobin β-chain synthesis in humans. If these patients can synthesize hemoglobin-F, instead of hemoglobinβ-chain in its place they would notably be benefited. Administration of 5-azacytidine to beta-thalassemia patients increases hemoglobin F level in the erythrocytes and thus benefit the patients. Which one of the following statements about 5-azacytidine Is not correct a)Cells exposed to 5-azacytidine Incorporate it into DNA in place of cytidine.b)5-azacytidine decreases DNA methylationc)5-azacytidine promotes histone acetylationd). 5-azacytidine does not promote gene expressionCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice Software Development tests.
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