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Chromosome rearrangements are mutations that change the structure of individual chromosomes. However, there are some mutations wherein the chromosome segment is inverted and turned 180 degrees. This phenomenon results in 
 outcome  referred to as a position effect and 
 be explained using which event
  • a)
    Deletion
  • b)
    Inversion
  • c)
    Frame shift mutations 
  • d)
    Thymidine dimers
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
Chromosome rearrangements are mutations that change the structure of i...
Concept:
  • Chromosome rearrangements are mutations that change 
    the structure of individual chromosomes.
  • The four basic 
    types of rearrangements are duplications, deletions, inversions, and translocations.
Explanation:
Fig 1: Inversion of chromosomes
  • Chromosome rearrangement is a chromosome inversion, in which a chromosome segment is inverted — turned 180 degrees.
  • If a chromosome originally had segments AB•CDEFG, then chromosome AB•CFEDG represents an inversion that includes segments DEF.
  • For an inversion to take place, the chromosome must break in two places.
  • Inversions that do not include the centromere, such as AB•CFEDG, are termed paracentric inversions (para meaning “next to”), whereas inversions that include the centromere, such as ADC•BEFG, are termed pericentric inversions (peri meaning“around”).
  • Individuals with inversions have neither lost nor gained any genetic material; just the gene order has been altered. Nevertheless, these mutations often have pronounced phenotypic effects.
  • An inversion may break a gene into two parts, with one part moving to a new location and destroying the function of that gene.
  • Even when the chromosome breaks are between genes, phenotypic effects may arise from the inverted gene order in an inversion.
  • Many genes are regulated in a position-dependent manner; if their positions are altered by an inversion, they may be expressed at inappropriate times or in inappropriate tissues.
  • This outcome is referred to as a position effect.
hence the correct answer is option 
2
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Chromosome rearrangements are mutations that change the structure of individual chromosomes. However, there are some mutations wherein the chromosome segment is inverted and turned180 degrees. This phenomenon results inoutcome referred to as a position effect andbe explained using which eventa)Deletionb)Inversionc)Frame shift mutationsd)Thymidine dimersCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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