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UGC NET Exam  >  UGC NET Questions  >  The Indian foreign policy of Non-Alignment wa... Start Learning for Free
The Indian foreign policy of 'Non-Alignment' was initiated by :
  • a)
    Mrs. Indira Gandhi
  • b)
    Jawaharlal Nehru
  • c)
    Morarji Desai
  • d)
    Lal Bahadur Shastri
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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The Indian foreign policy of Non-Alignment was initiated by :a)Mrs. In...
The Non-Alignment Movement (NAM) is an international forum of 120 developing countries that believe in the idea of non-alignment with the major power blocs.
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The Indian foreign policy of Non-Alignment was initiated by :a)Mrs. In...
Introduction to Non-Alignment
The Indian foreign policy of Non-Alignment was a significant diplomatic strategy that emerged in the mid-20th century. It was primarily initiated by Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first Prime Minister.
Nehru's Vision
- Opposition to Bipolarity: Nehru believed that newly independent nations should not be forced to choose sides between the two superpowers of the time, the United States and the Soviet Union.
- Promotion of Peace: He advocated for peace and cooperation among nations, aiming to provide a platform for collaboration without being tied to a specific bloc.
Formation of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
- Founding Principles: The Non-Alignment Movement was officially established in 1961 during the Belgrade Conference, where countries committed to independence in their foreign policies.
- Global Influence: The movement aimed to give a voice to the emerging nations in global affairs and promote collective security.
Key Contributions
- Legacy of Leadership: Nehru's leadership in the Non-Aligned Movement positioned India as a leader among newly independent countries, fostering a sense of solidarity among them.
- Focus on Development: The policy encouraged economic and social development, emphasizing that nations should focus on their own growth rather than aligning with superpower interests.
Conclusion
Through Nehru's initiative, Non-Alignment became a cornerstone of India's foreign policy, reflecting its commitment to sovereignty, peace, and mutual respect among nations. This approach continues to influence India's diplomatic relations today.
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Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the question.It should be remembered that the nationalist movement in India, like all nationalist movements, was essentially a bourgeois movement. It represented the natural historical stage of development, and to consider it or to criticise it as a working-class movement is wrong. Gandhi represented that movement and the Indian masses in relation to that movement to a supreme degree, and he became the voice of Indian people to that extent. The main contribution of Gandhi to India and the Indian masses has been through the powerful movements which he launched through the National Congress. Through nation-wide action he sought to mould the millions, and largely succeeded in doing so, and changing them from a demoralised, timid and hopeless mass, bullied and crushed by every dominant interest, and incapable of resistance, into a people with self-respect and self-reliance, resisting tyranny, and capable of united action and sacrifice for a larger cause.Gandhi made people think of political and economic issues and every village and every bazaar hummed with argument and debate on the new ideas and hopes that filled the people. That was an amazing psychological change. The time was ripe for it, of course, and circumstances and world conditions worked for this change. But a great leader is necessary to take advantage of circumstances and conditions. Gandhi was that leader, and he released many of the bonds that imprisoned and disabled our minds, and none of us who experienced it can ever forget that great feeling of release and exhilaration that came over the Indian people.Gandhi has played a revolutionary role in India of the greatest importance because he knew how to make the most of the objective conditions and could reach the heart of the masses, while groups with a more advanced ideology functioned largely in the air because they did not fit in with those conditions and could therefore not evoke any substantial response from the masses.It is perfectly true that Gandhi, functioning in the nationalist plane, does not think in terms of the conflict of classes, and tries to compose their differences. But the action he has indulged and taught the people has inevitably raised mass consciousness tremendously and made social issues vital. Gandhi and the Congress must be judged by the policies they pursue and the action they indulge in. But behind this, personality counts and colours those policies and activities. In the case of very exceptional person like Gandhi, the question of personality becomes especially important in order to understand and appraise him. To us he has represented the spirit and honour of India, the yearning of her sorrowing millions to be rid of their innumerable burdens, and an insult to him by the British Government or others has been an insult to India and her people.Q.The change that the Gandhian movement brought among the Indian masses was

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The Indian foreign policy of Non-Alignment was initiated by :a)Mrs. Indira Gandhib)Jawaharlal Nehruc)Morarji Desaid)Lal Bahadur ShastriCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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