Ecosystem:
An ecosystem refers to a community of living organisms in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment, interacting as a system. It includes plants, animals, microorganisms, soil, rocks, minerals, water bodies, and air.

Components of an Ecosystem:
- Biotic Components: These are the living organisms present in the ecosystem, including plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms.
- Abiotic Components: These are the nonliving factors that influence the ecosystem, such as water, sunlight, temperature, soil, and air.

Types of Ecosystems:
- Terrestrial Ecosystems: These ecosystems exist on land and include forests, grasslands, deserts, and tundra.
- Aquatic Ecosystems: These ecosystems are found in water bodies like oceans, rivers, lakes, and wetlands.

Functions of Ecosystems:
- Energy Flow: Ecosystems transfer energy through the food chain, from producers to consumers.
- Nutrient Cycling: Ecosystems recycle nutrients like carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, ensuring their availability for living organisms.
- Habitat and Biodiversity: Ecosystems provide habitats for a variety of species, promoting biodiversity.

Importance of Ecosystems:
- Environmental Balance: Ecosystems help maintain ecological balance by regulating climate, purifying air and water, and preventing soil erosion.
- Economic Value: Ecosystems provide resources like food, water, medicine, and raw materials essential for human survival.
- Cultural Significance: Ecosystems are often linked to cultural practices, traditions, and spiritual beliefs of communities.
In conclusion, an ecosystem is a complex network of interactions between living organisms and their environment, playing a crucial role in sustaining life on Earth.

A biological community of interacting organism and their physical environment is called ecosystem.