Carbohydrates Composition:
Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen molecules. The basic building blocks of carbohydrates are simple sugars, also known as monosaccharides.

Monosaccharides:
Monosaccharides are single sugar molecules such as glucose, fructose, and galactose. These are the simplest form of carbohydrates and cannot be broken down further.

Disaccharides:
Disaccharides are composed of two monosaccharide units bonded together. Examples include sucrose (glucose + fructose), lactose (glucose + galactose), and maltose (glucose + glucose).

Polysaccharides:
Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates made up of long chains of monosaccharide units. Starch, glycogen, and cellulose are common examples of polysaccharides. Starch is a storage form of glucose in plants, while glycogen serves as a storage form of glucose in animals. Cellulose, on the other hand, provides structural support to plant cell walls.

Function:
Carbohydrates serve as a primary source of energy for plants. Through the process of photosynthesis, plants convert sunlight into glucose, which is then stored in the form of starch for later use. Additionally, carbohydrates play a crucial role in providing structure and support to plant cells.