Reasons for Tanzania's Independence:

Internal Struggle for Independence:
- Tanzania, then known as Tanganyika, was a German colony until World War I when it was taken over by the British.
- The people of Tanganyika began to demand independence and self-governance, inspired by movements in other African countries.

Political Movements:
- The Tanganyika African National Union (TANU) was formed in 1954 by Julius Nyerere, who became a prominent leader in the independence movement.
- TANU led peaceful protests, strikes, and demonstrations to push for independence from British colonial rule.

International Pressure:
- The decolonization movement was gaining momentum globally, and many African nations were gaining independence from colonial powers.
- The United Nations also played a role in pressuring colonial powers to grant independence to their colonies.

Path to Independence:
- In 1961, Tanganyika gained internal self-government, and Julius Nyerere became the Prime Minister.
- On December 9, 1961, Tanganyika officially gained independence from British colonial rule, and Nyerere became the first President of the newly independent nation.
- Tanganyika later merged with Zanzibar in 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanzania.

Legacy of Independence:
- Tanzania's independence marked a significant milestone in the decolonization of Africa and set the stage for other African nations to gain independence.
- Julius Nyerere's leadership and vision for a united and self-reliant Tanzania shaped the country's development post-independence.