The cause behind the Anglo-Mysore wars was the territorial expansion and power struggles between the British East India Company and the Kingdom of Mysore in South India.
- Background:
The Anglo-Mysore wars were a series of four wars fought between the British and the Kingdom of Mysore in the 18th century. The main cause of these wars was the British East India Company's desire to expand its territories in India and establish dominance over the region.
- Tipu Sultan's Rise to Power:
Tipu Sultan, the ruler of Mysore, was seen as a threat by the British due to his modernization efforts, strong military, and ambition to unite other Indian rulers against British rule. This led to tensions between the two powers.
- First Anglo-Mysore War (1767-69):
The first war was triggered by the British supporting a rival claimant to the Mysore throne. Tipu Sultan emerged victorious in this war but had to cede some territories.
- Second Anglo-Mysore War (1780-84):
The second war was caused by Tipu Sultan's attempts to build alliances with the French and other Indian rulers against the British. The British, with the help of their allies, defeated Mysore but failed to capture Tipu Sultan.
- Third Anglo-Mysore War (1789-92):
The third war was a result of Tipu Sultan's continued resistance against British influence. Despite putting up a fierce fight, Mysore once again lost to the British, who imposed a heavy indemnity and territorial concessions on Mysore.
- Fourth Anglo-Mysore War (1798-99):
The fourth and final war was caused by Tipu Sultan's refusal to align with the British against their common enemy, the French. The British, along with their allies, defeated Mysore and Tipu Sultan was killed in battle.
In conclusion, the Anglo-Mysore wars were primarily driven by the British East India Company's imperialistic ambitions and the Kingdom of Mysore's efforts to maintain its independence and resist British dominance in the region.