Islamic Civilization
Islam became politically important during 700 to 1750, establishing itself as a major religious group with significant influence on political affairs. Here are some key points explaining this:

Spread of Islam:
- Islam spread rapidly during this period, primarily through military conquests by Muslim rulers such as the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates.
- The expansion of Islamic territories brought Muslim rulers into contact with diverse cultures and societies, leading to the assimilation of different customs and traditions within the Islamic civilization.

Islamic Caliphates:
- The Islamic world was ruled by powerful caliphates, such as the Abbasid Caliphate in Baghdad and the Umayyad Caliphate in Spain, which wielded considerable political authority.
- These caliphates not only governed large territories but also promoted cultural, scientific, and artistic achievements, contributing to the flourishing of Islamic civilization.

Islamic Law and Governance:
- Islamic law, known as Sharia, played a crucial role in governing Muslim societies, influencing legal systems and political institutions.
- Muslim rulers were guided by Islamic principles in their governance, which helped in maintaining social order and cohesion within the Islamic world.

Trade and Diplomacy:
- Islamic civilization was a hub of trade and commerce, with Muslim merchants establishing extensive networks that connected different regions.
- Muslim rulers engaged in diplomatic relations with other empires and kingdoms, leading to cultural exchanges and political alliances that shaped the geopolitics of the time.
Overall, Islam's political importance during 700 to 1750 was evident in its impact on governance, law, trade, and diplomacy, establishing the Islamic civilization as a major player on the world stage.